第六章 船舶租用合同

　　Chapter VI Charter Parties

　　第一節(jié) 一般規(guī)定

　　Section 1 Basic Principles

　　第一百二十七條 本章關于出租人和承租人之間權利、義務的規(guī)定，僅在船舶租用合同沒有約定或者沒有不同約定時適用。

　　Article 127 The provisions concerning the rights and obligations of the shipowner and the charterer in this Chapter shall apply only when there are no stipulations or no different stipulations in this regard in the charter party.

　　第一百二十八條 船舶租用合同，包括定期租船合同和光船租賃合同，均應當書面訂立。

　　Article 128 Charter parties including time charter parties and bareboat charter parties shall be concluded in writing.

　　第二節(jié) 定期租船合同

　　Section 2 Time Charter Party

　　第一百二十九條 定期租船合同，是指船舶出租人向承租人提供約定的由出租人配備船員的船舶，由承租人在約定的期間內按照約定的用途使用，并支付金的合同。

　　Article 129 A time charter party is a contract under which the shipowner provides a designated manned ship to the charterer, and the charterer employs the ship during the contractual period for the agreed service against payment of hire.

　　第一百三十條 定期租船合同的內容，主要包括出租人和承租人的名稱、船名、船籍、船級、噸位、容積、船速、燃料消耗、航區(qū)、用途、租船期間、交和還船的時間和地點以及條件、租金及其支付，以及其他有關事項。

　　Article 130 A time charter party mainly contains the name of the shipowner, the name of the charterer; the name, nationality, class, tonnage, capacity, speed and fuel consumption of the ship; the trading area; the agreed service, the contractual period, the time, place and conditions of delivery and redelivery of the ship; the hire and the way of its payment and other relevant matters.

　　第一百三十一條 出租人應當按照合同約定的時間交付船舶。

　　Article 131 The shipowner shall deliver the ship within the time agreed upon in the charter party.

　　出租人違反前款規(guī)定的，承租人有權解除合同。

　　Where the shipowner acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the charterer is entitled to cancel the charter.

　　出租人將船舶延誤情況和船舶預期抵達交船港的日期通知承租人的，承租人應當自接到通知時起四十八小時內，將解除合同或者繼續(xù)租用船舶的決定通知出租人。

　　However, if the shipowner has notified the charterer of the anticipated delay in delivery and has given an estimated time of arrival of the ship at the port of delivery, the charterer shall notify the shipowner, within 48 hours of the receipt of such notice from the shipowner, of his decision whether to cancel the charter or not.

　　因出租人過失延誤提供船舶致使承租人遭受損失的，出租人應當負賠償責任。

　　The shipowner shall be liable for the charterer's loss resulting from the delay in delivery of the ship due to the shipowner's fault.

　　第一百三十二條 出租人交付船舶時，應當做到謹慎處理，使船舶適航。

　　Article 132 At the time of delivery, the shipowner shall exercise due diligence to make the ship seaworthy.

　　交付的船舶應當適于約定的用途。

　　The ship delivered shall be fit for the intended service.

　　出租人違反前款規(guī)定的，承租人有權解除合同，并有權要求賠償因此遭受的損失。

　　Where the shipowner acts against the provisions in the preceding paragraph, the charterer shall be entitled to cancel the charter and claim any losses resulting therefrom.

　　第一百三十三條 船舶在租期內不符合約定的適航狀態(tài)或者其他狀態(tài)，出租人應當采取可能采取的合理措施，使之盡快恢復。

　　Article 133 During the charter period, if the ship is found at variance with the seaworthiness or the other conditions agreed upon in the charter, the shipowner shall take all reasonable measures to have them restored as soon as possible.

　　船舶不符合約定的適航狀態(tài)或者其他狀態(tài)而不能正常營運連續(xù)滿二十四小時的，對因此而損失的營運時間，承租人不付租金，但是上述狀態(tài)是由承租人造成的除外。

　　Where the ship has not been operated normally for 24 consecutive hours due to its failure to maintain the seaworthiness or the other conditions as agreed upon, the charterer shall not pay the hire for the operating time so lost, unless such failure was caused by the charterer.

　　第一百三十四條 承租人應當保證船舶在約定航區(qū)內的安全港口或者地點之間從事約定的海上運輸。

　　Article 134 The charterer shall guarantee that the ship shall be employed in the agreed maritime transport between the safe ports or places within the trading area agreed upon.

　　承租人違反前款規(guī)定的，出租人有權解除合同，并有權要求賠償因此遭受的損失。

　　If the charterer acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the shipowner is entitled to cancel the charter and claim any losses resulting therefrom.

　　第一百三十五條 承租人應當保證船舶用于運輸約定的合法的貨物。

　　Article 135 The charterer shall guarantee that the ship shall be employed to carry the lawful merchandise agreed.

　　承租人將船舶用于運輸活動物或者危險貨物的，應當事先征得出租人的同意。

　　Where the ship is to be employed by the charterer to carry live animals or dangerous goods, a prior consent of the shipowner is required.

　　承租人違反本條第一款或者第二款的規(guī)定致使出租人遭受損失的，應當負賠償責任。

　　The charterer shall be liable for any loss of the shipowner resulting from the charterer's violation of the provisions of paragraph 1 or paragraph 2 of this Article.

　　第一百三十六條 承租人有權就船舶的營運向船長發(fā)出指示，但是不得違反定期租船合同的約定。

　　Article 136 The charterer shall be entitled to give the Master instructions with respect to the operation of the ship. However, such instructions shall not be inconsistent with the stipulations of the time charter.

　　第一百三十七條 承租人可以將租用的船舶轉租，但是應當將轉租的情況及時通知出租人。

　　Article 137 The charterer may sublet the ship under charter, but he shall notify the shipowner of the sublet in time.

　　租用的船舶轉租后，原租船合同約定的權利和義務不受影響。

　　The rights and obligations agreed upon in the head charter shall not be affected by the sub-charter.

　　第一百三十八條 船舶所有人轉讓已經租出的船舶的所有權，定期租船合同約定的當事人的權利和義務不受影響，但是應當及時通知承租人。

　　Article 138 Where the ownership of the ship under charter has been transferred by the shipowner, the rights and obligations agreed upon under the original charter shall not be affected. However, the shipowner shall inform the charterer thereof in time.

　　船舶所有權讓后，原租船合同由受讓人和承租人繼續(xù)履行。

　　After such transfer, the transferee and the charterer shall continue to perform the original charter.

　　第一百三十九條 在合同期間，船舶進行海難救助的，承租人有權獲得扣除救助費用、損失賠償、船員應得部分以及其他費用后的救助款項的一半。

　　Article 139 Should the ship be engaged in salvage operations during the charter period, the charterer shall be entitled to half of the amount of the payment for salvage operations after deducting therefrom the salvage expenses, compensation for damage, the portion due to crew members and other relevant costs.

　　第一百四十條 承租人應當按照合同約定支付租金。承租人未按照合同約定支付租金的，出租人有權解除合同，并有權要求賠償因此遭受的損失。

　　Article 140 The charterer shall pay the hire as agreed upon in the charter. Where the charterer fails to pay the hire as agreed upon, the shipowner shall be entitled to cancel the charter party and claim any losses resulting therefrom.

　　第一百四十一條 承租人未向出租人支付租金或者合同約定的其他款項的，出租人對船上屬于承租人的貨物和財產以及轉租船舶的收入有留置權。

　　Article 141 In case the charterer fails to pay the hire or other sums of money as agreed upon in the charter, the shipowner shall have a lien on the charterer's goods, other property on board and earnings from the sub-charter.

　　第一百四十二條 承租人向出租人交還船舶時，該船舶應當具有與出租人交船時相同的良好狀態(tài)，但是船舶本身的自然磨損除外。

　　Article 142 When the charterer redelivers the ship to the shipowner, the ship shall be in the same good order and condition as it was at the time of delivery, fair wear and tear excepted.

　　船舶未能保持與交船時相同的良好狀態(tài)的，承租人應當負責修復或者給予賠償。

　　Where, upon redelivery, the ship fails to remain in the same good order and condition as it was at the time of delivery, the charterer shall be responsible for rehabilitation or for compensation.

　　第一百四十三條 經合理計算，完成最后航次的日期約為合同約定的還船日期，但可能超過合同約定的還船日期的，承租人有權超期用船以完成該航次。

　　Article 143 If, on the basis of a reasonable calculation, a ship may be able to complete its last voyage at around the time of redelivery specified in the charter and probably thereafter, the charterer is entitled to continue to use the ship in order to complete that voyage even if its time of redelivery will be overdue.

　　期期間，承租人應當按照合同約定的租金率支付租金；市場的租金率高于合同約定的租金率的，承租人應當按照市場租金率支付租金。

　　During the extended period, the charterer shall pay the hire at the rate fixed by the charter, and, if the current market rate of hire is higher than that specified in the charter, the charterer shall pay the hire at the current market rate.

　　第三節(jié) 光船租賃合同

　　Section 3 Bareboat Charter Party

　　第一百四十四條 光船租賃合同，是指船舶出租人向承租人提供不配備船員的船舶，在約定的期間內由承租人占有、使用和營運，并向出租人支付租金的同。

　　Article 144 A bareboat charter party is a charter party under which the shipowner provides the charterer with an unmanned ship which the charterer shall possess, employ and operate within an agreed period and for which the charterer shall pay the shipowner the hire.

　　第一百四十五條 光船租賃合同的內容，主要包括出租人和承租人的名稱、船名、船籍、船級、噸位、容積、航區(qū)、用途、租船期間、交船和還船的時間地點以及條件、船舶檢驗、船舶的保養(yǎng)維修、租金及其支付、船舶保險、合同解除的時間和條件，以及其他有關事項。

　　Article 145 A bareboat charter party mainly contains the name of the shipowner and the name of the charterer; the name, nationality, class, tonnage and capacity of the ship; the trading area, the employment of the ship and the charter period; the time, place and condition of delivery and redelivery; the survey, maintenance and repair of the ship; the hire and its payment; the insurance of the ship; the time and condition for the termination of the charter and other relevant matters.

　　第一百四十六條 出租人應當在合同約定的港口或者地點，按照合同約定的時間，向承租人交付船舶以及船舶證書。

　　Article 146 The shipowner shall deliver the ship and its certificates to the charterer at the port or place and time as stipulated in the charter party.

　　交船時，出租人應當做到謹慎處理，船舶適航。

　　At the time of delivery, the shipowner shall exercise due diligence to make the ship seaworthy.

　　交付的船舶應當適于合同約定的用途。

　　The ship delivered shall be fit for the agreed service.

　　出租人違反前款規(guī)定的，承租人有權解除合同，并有權要求賠償因此遭受的損失。

　　Where the shipowner acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the charterer shall be entitled to cancel the charter and claim any losses resulting therefrom.

　　第一百四十七條 在光船租賃期間，承租人負責船舶的保養(yǎng)、維修。

　　Article 147 The charterer shall be responsible for the maintenance and repair of the ship during the bareboat charter period.

　　第一百四十八條 在光船租賃期間，承租人應當按照合同約定的船舶價值，以出租人同意的保險方式為船舶進行保險，并負擔保險費用。

　　Article 148 During the bareboat charter period, the ship shall be insured, at the value agreed upon in the charter and in the way consented to by the shipowner, by the charterer at his expense.

　　第一百四十九條 在光船租賃期間，因承租人對船舶占有、使用和營運的原因使出租人的利益受到影響或者遭受損失的，承租人應當負責消除影響或者賠損失。

　　Article 149 During the bareboat charter period, if the charterer's possession, employment or operation of the ship has affected the interests of the shipowner or caused any losses thereto, the charterer shall be liable for eliminating the harmful effect or compensating for the losses.

　　因船舶所有權爭議或者出租人所負的債務致使船舶被扣押的，出租人應當保證承租人的利益不受影響；致使承租人遭受損失的，出租人應當負賠償責任。

　　Should the ship be arrested due to any disputes over its ownership or debts owed by the shipowner, the shipowner shall guarantee that the interest of the charterer is not affected. The shipowner shall be liable for compensation for any losses suffered by the charterer thereby.

　　第一百五十條 在光船租賃期間，未經出租人書面同意，承租人不得轉讓合同的權利和義務或者以光船租賃的方式將船舶進行轉租。

　　Article 150 During the bareboat charter period, the charterer shall not assign the rights and obligations stipulated in the charter or sublet the ship under bareboat charter without the shipowner's consent in writing.

　　第一百五十一條 未經承租人事先書面同意，出租人不得在光船租賃期間對船舶設定抵押權。

　　Article 151 The shipowner shall not establish any mortgage of the ship during the bareboat charter period without the prior consent in writing by the charterer.

　　出租人違反前款規(guī)定，致使承租人遭受損失的，應當負賠償責任。

　　Where the shipowner acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph and thereby causes losses to the charterer, the shipowner shall be liable for compensation.

　　第一百五十二條 承租人應當按照合同約定支付租金。承租人未按照合同約定的時間支付租金連續(xù)超過七日的，出租人有權解除合同，并有權要求賠償因遭受的損失。

　　Article 152 The charterer shall pay the hire as stipulated in the charter. In default of payment by the charterer for seven consecutive days or more after the time as agreed in the charter for such payment, the shipowner is entitled to cancel the charter without prejudice to any claim for the loss arising from the charterer's default.

　　船舶發(fā)生滅失或者失蹤的，租金應當自船舶滅失或者得知其最后消息之日起停止支付，預付租金應當按照比例退還。

　　Should the ship be lost or missing, payment of hire shall cease from the day when the ship was lost or last heard of. Any hire paid in advance shall be refunded in proportion.

　　第一百五十三條 本法第一百三十四條、第一百三十五條第一款、第一百四十二條和第一百四十三條的規(guī)定，適用于光船租賃合同。

　　Article 153 The provisions of Article 134, paragraph 1 of Article 135, Article 142 and Article 143 of this Code shall be applicable to bareboat charter parties.

　　第一百五十四條 訂有租購條款的光船租賃合同，承租人按照合同約定向出租人付清租購費時，船舶所有權即歸于承租人。

　　Article 154 The ownership of a ship under bareboat charter containing a leasepurchase clause shall be transferred to the charterer when the charterer has paid off the leasepurchase price to the shipowner as stipulated in the charter.

　　第七章 海上拖航合同

　　>Chapter VII Contract of Sea Towage

　　第一百五十五條 海上拖航合同，是指承拖方用拖輪將被拖物經海路從一地拖至另一地，而由被拖方支付拖航費的合同。

　　Article 155 A contract of sea towage is a contract whereby the tugowner undertakes to tow an object by sea with a tug from one place to another and the tow party pays the towage.

　　本章規(guī)定不適用于在港區(qū)內對船舶提供的拖輪服務。

　　The provisions of this Chapter shall not be applicable to the towage service rendered to ships within the port area.

　　第一百五十六條 海上拖航合同應當書面訂立。海上拖航合同的內容，主要包括承拖方和被拖方的名稱和住所、拖輪和被拖物的名稱和主要尺度、拖輪馬、起拖地和目的地、起拖日期、拖航費及其支付方式，以及其他有關事項。

　　Article 156 A contract of sea towage shall be made in writing. Its contents shall mainly include name and address of the tugowner, name and address of the tow party, name and main particulars of the tug and name and main particulars of the object to be towed, horse power of the tug, place of commencement of the towage and the destination, the date of commencement of the towage, towage price and the way of payment thereof, as well as other relevant matters.

　　第一百五十七條 承拖方在起拖前和起拖當時，應當謹慎處理，使拖輪處于適航、適拖狀態(tài)，妥善配備船員，配置拖航索具和配備供應品以及該航次必備其他裝置、設備。

　　Article 157 The tugowner shall, before and at the beginning of the towage, exercise due diligence to make the tug seaworthy and towworthy and to properly man the tug and equip it with gears and tow lines and to provide all other necessary supplies and appliances for the intended voyage.

　　被拖方在起拖前和起拖當時，應當做好被拖物的拖航準備，謹慎處埋，使被拖物處于適拖狀態(tài)，并向承拖方如實說明被拖物的情況，提供有關檢驗機構簽發(fā)的被拖物適合拖航的證書和有關文件。

　　The tow party shall, before and at the beginning of the towage, make all necessary preparations therefor and shall exercise due diligence to make the object to be towed towworthy and shall give a true account of the object to be towed and provide the certificate of towworthiness and other documents issued by the relevant survey and inspection organizations.

　　第一百五十八條 起拖前，因不可抗力或者其他不能歸責于雙方的原因致使合同不能履行的，雙方均可以解除合同，并互相不負賠償責任。除合同另有約外，拖航費已經支付的，承拖方應當退還給被拖方。

　　Article 158 If before the commencement of the towage service, due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, the towage contract could not be performed, either party may cancel the contract and neither shall be liable to the other. In such event, the towage price that had already been paid shall be returned to the tow party by the tugowner, unless otherwise agreed upon in the towage contract.

　　第一百五十九條 起拖后，因不可抗力或者其他不能歸責于雙方的原因致使合同不能繼續(xù)履行的，雙方均可以解除合同，并互相不負賠償責任。

　　Article 159 If after the commencement of the towage service, due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, the towage contract could not be performed, either party may cancel the towage contract and neither shall be liable to the other.

　　第一百六十條 因不可抗力或者其他不能歸責于雙方的原因致使被拖物不能拖至目的地的，除合同另有約定外，承拖方可以在目的地的鄰近地點或者拖輪長選定的安全的港口或者錨泊地，將被拖物移交給被拖方或者其代理人，視為已經履行合同。

　　Article 160 Where the object towed could not reach its destination due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, unless the towage contract provides otherwise, the tugowner may deliver the object towed to the tow party or its agent at a place near the destination or at a safe port or an anchorage chosen by the Master of the tug, and the contract of towage shall be deemed to have been fulfilled.

　　第一百六十一條 被拖方未按照約定支付拖航費和其他合理費用的，承拖方對被拖物有留置權。

　　Article 161 Where the tow party fails to pay the towage price or other reasonable expenses as agreed, the tugowner shall have a lien on the object towed.

　　第一百六十二條 在海上拖航過程中，承拖方或者被拖方遭受的損失，由一方的過失造成的，有過失的一方應當負賠償責任；

　　Article 162 In the course of the sea towage, if the damage suffered by the tugowner or the tow party was caused by the fault of one of the parties, the party in fault shall be liable for compensation.

　　由雙方過失造成的，各方按過失程度的比例負賠償責任。

　　If the damage was caused by the faults of both parties, both parties shall be liable for compensation in proportion to the extent of their respective faults.

　　雖有前款規(guī)定，經承拖方證明，被拖方的損失是由于下列原因之一造成的，承拖方不負賠償責任；

　　Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the tugowner shall not be liable if he proves that the damage suffered by the tow party is due to one of the following causes:

　　（一）拖輪船長、船員、引航員或者承拖方的其他受雇人、代理人在駕駛拖輪或者管理拖輪中的過失；

　　(1) Fault of the Master or other crew members of the tug or the pilot or other servants or agents of the tugowner in the navigation and management of the tug:

　　（二）拖輪在海上救助或者企圖救助人命或者財產時的過失。

　　(2) Fault of the tug in saving or attempting to save life or property at sea.

　　本條規(guī)定僅在海上拖航合同沒有約定或者沒有不同約定時適用。

　　The provisions of this Article shall only apply if and when there are no provisions or no different provisions in this regard in the sea towage contract.

　　第一百六十三條 在海上拖航過程中，由于承拖方或者被拖方的過失，造成第三人人身傷亡或者財產損失的，承拖方和被拖方對第三人負連帶賠償責任。

　　Article 163 If death of or personal injury to a third party or damage to property thereof has occurred during the sea towage due to the fault of the tugowner or the tow party, the tugowner and the tow party shall be liable jointly and severally to that third party.

　　合同另有約定外，一方連帶支付的賠償超過其應當承擔的比例的，對另一方有追償權。

　　Except as otherwise provided for in the towage contract, the party that has jointly and severally paid a compensation in an amount exceeding the proportion for which it is liable shall have the right of recourse against the other party.

　　第一百六十四條 拖輪所有人拖帶其所有的或者經營的駁船載運貨物，經海路由一港運至另一港的，視為海上貨物運輸。

　　Article 164 Where a tugowner towing a barge owned or operated by him to transport goods by sea from one port to another, it shall be deemed as an act of carriage of goods by sea.

　　第八章 船舶碰撞

　　Chapter VIII Collision of Ships

　　第一百六十五條 船舶碰撞，是指船舶在海上或者與海相通的可航水域發(fā)生接觸造成損害的事故。

　　Article 165 Collision of ships means an accident arising from the touching of ships at sea or in other navigable waters adjacent thereto.

　　前款所稱船舶，包括與本法第三條所指船舶碰撞的任何其他非用于軍事的或者政府公務的船艇。

　　Ships referred to in the preceding paragraph shall include those nonmilitary or public service ships or craft that collide with the ships mentioned in Article 3 of this Code.

　　第一百六十六條 船舶發(fā)生碰撞，當事船舶的船長在不嚴重危及本船和船上人員安全的情況下，對于相碰的船舶和船上人員必須盡力施救。

　　Article 166 After a collision, the Master of each of the ships in collision is bound, so far as he can do so without serious danger to his ship and persons on board to render assistance to the other ship and persons on board.

　　碰撞船舶的船長應當盡可能將其船舶名稱、船籍港、出發(fā)港和目的港通知對方。

　　The Master of each of the ships in collision is likewise bound so far as possible to make known to the other ship the name of his ship, its port of registry, port of departure and port of destination.

　　第一百六十七條 船舶發(fā)生碰撞，是由于不可抗力或者其他不能歸責于任何一方的原因或者無法查明的原因造成的，碰撞各方互相不負賠償責任。

　　Article 167 Neither of the parties shall be liable to the other if the collision is caused by force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party or if the cause thereof is left in doubt.

　　第一百六十八條 船舶發(fā)生碰撞，是由于一船的過失造成的，由有過失的船舶負賠償責任。

　　Article 168 If the collision is caused by the fault of one of the ships, the one in fault shall be liable therefor.

　　第一百六十九條 船舶發(fā)生碰撞，碰撞的船舶互有過失的，各船按照過失程度的比例負賠償責任；過失程度相當或者過失程度的比例無法判定的，平均負償責任。

　　Article 169 If the colliding ships are all in fault, each ship shall be liable in proportion to the extent of its fault; if the respective faults are equal in proportion or it is impossible to determine the extent of the proportion of the respective faults, the liability of the colliding ships shall be apportioned equally.

　　互有過失的船舶，對碰撞造成的船舶以及船上貨物和其他財產的損失，依照前款規(guī)定的比例負賠償責任。

　　The ships in fault shall be liable for the damage to the ship, the goods and other property on board pursuant to the proportions prescribed in the preceding paragraph.

　　碰撞造成第三人財產損失的，各船的賠償責任均不超過其應當承擔的比例。

　　Where damage is caused to the property of a third party, the liability for compensation of any of the colliding ships shall not exceed the proportion it shall bear.

　　互有過失的船舶，對造成的第三人的人身傷亡，負連帶賠償責任。

　　If the ships in fault have caused loss of life or personal injury to a third party, they shall be jointly and severally liable therefor.

　　一船連帶支付的賠償超過本條第一款規(guī)定的比例的，有權向其他有過失的船舶追償。

　　If a ship has paid an amount of compensation in excess of the proportion prescribed in paragraph 1 of this Article, it shall have the right of recourse against the other ship(s) in fault.

　　第一百七十條 船舶因操縱不當或者不遵守航行規(guī)章，雖然實際上沒有同其他船舶發(fā)生碰撞，但是使其他船舶以及船上的人員、貨物或者其他財產遭受損的，適用本章的規(guī)定。

　　Article 170 Where a ship has caused damage to another ship and persons, goods or other property on board that ship, either by the execution or nonexecution of a manoeuvre or by the nonobservance of navigation regulations, even if no collision has actually occurred, the provisions of this Chapter shall apply.

　　第九章 海難救助

　　Chapter IX Salvage at Sea

　　第一百七十一條 本章規(guī)定適用于在海上或者與海相通的可航水域，對遇險的船舶和其他財產進行的救助。

　　Article 171 The provisions of this Chapter shall apply to salvage operations rendered at sea or any other navigable waters adjacent thereto to ships and other property in distress.

　　第一百七十二條 本章下列用語的含義：

　　Article 172 For the purposes of this Chapter:

　　（一）“船舶”，是指本法第三條所稱的船舶和與其發(fā)生救助關系的任何其他非用于軍事的或者政府公務的船艇。

　　(1) 'Ship' means any ship referred to in Article 3 of this Code and any other non-military, public service ship or craft that has been involved in a salvage operation therewith;

　?。ǘ?/span>“財產”，是指非永久地和非有意地依附于岸線的任何財產，包括有風險的運費。

　　(2) 'Property' means any property not permanently and intentionally attached to the shoreline and includes freight at risk.

　　（三）“救助款項”，是指依照本章規(guī)定，被救助方應當向救助方支付的任何救助報酬、酬金或者補償。

　　(3) 'Payment' means any reward, remuneration or compensation for salvage operations to be paid by the salved party to the salvor pursuant to the provisions of this Chapter.

　　第一百七十三條 本章規(guī)定，不適用于海上已經就位的從事海底礦物資源的勘探、開發(fā)或者生產的固定式、浮動式平臺和移動式近海鉆井裝置。

　　Article 173 The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to fixed or floating platforms or mobile offshore drilling units when such platforms or units are on location engaged in the exploration, exploitation or production of sea-bed mineral resources.

　　第一百七十四條 船長在不嚴重危及本船和船上人員安全的情況下，有義務盡力救助海上人命。

　　Article 174 Every Master is bound, so far as he can do so without serious danger to his ship and persons on board, to render assistance to any person in danger of being lost at sea.

　　第一百七十五條 救助方與被救助方就海難救助達成協(xié)議，救助合同成立。

　　Article 175 A contract for salvage operations at sea is concluded when an agreement has been reached between the salvor and the salved party regarding the salvage operations to be undertaken.

　　遇險船舶的船長有權代表船舶所有人訂立救助合同。

　　The Master of the ship in distress shall have the authority to conclude a contract for salvage operations on behalf of the shipowner.

　　遇險船舶的船長或者船舶所有人有權代表船上財產所有人訂立救助合同。

　　The Master of the ship in distress or its owner shall have the authority to conclude a contract for salvage operations on behalf of the owner of the property on board.

　　第一百七十六條 有下列情形之一，經一方當事人起訴或者雙方當事人協(xié)議仲裁的，受理爭議的法院或者仲裁機構可以判決或者裁決變更救助合同：

　　Article 176 The salvage contract may be modified by a judgment of the court which has entertained the suit brought by either party, or modified by an award of the arbitration organization to which the dispute has been submitted for arbitration upon the agreement of the parties, under any of the following circumstances:

　　（一）合同在不正當?shù)幕蛘呶ｋU情況的影響下訂立，合同條款顯失公平的；

　　(1) The contract has been entered into under undue influence or the influence of danger and its terms are obviously inequitable;

　　（二）根據合同支付的救助款項明顯過高或者過低于實際提供的救助服務的。

　　(2) The payment under the contract is in an excessive degree too large or too small for the services actually rendered.

　　第一百七十七條 在救助作業(yè)過程中，救助方對被救助方負有下列義務：

　　Article 177 During the salvage operation, the salvor shall owe a duty to the salved party to:

　　（一）以應有的謹慎進行救助；

　　(1) Carry out the salvage operation with due care;

　　（二）以應有的謹慎防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害；

　　(2) Exercise due care to prevent or minimize the pollution damage to the environment;

　　（三）在合理需要的情況下，尋求其他救助方援助；

　　(3) Seek the assistance of other salvors where reasonably necessary;

　　（四）當被救助方合理地要求其他救助方參與救助作業(yè)時，接受此種要求，但是要求不合理的，原救助方的救助報酬金額不受影響。

　　(4) Accept the reasonable request of the salved party to seek the participation in the salvage operation of other salvors. However, if the request is not wellfounded, the amount of payment due to the original salvor shall not be affected.

　　第一百七十八條 在救助作業(yè)過程中，被救助方對救助方負有下列義務：

　　Article 178 During the salvage operation, the party salved is under an obligation to the salvor to:

　　（一）與救助方通力合作；

　　(1) Cooperate fully with the salvor;

　　（二）以應有的謹慎防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害；

　　(2) Exercise due care to prevent or minimize the pollution damage to the environment;

　　（三）當獲救的船舶或者其他財產已經被送至安全地點時，及時接受救助方提出的合理的移交要求。

　　(3) Promptly accept the request of the salvor to take delivery of the ship or property salved when such ship or property has been brought to a place of safety.

　　第一百七十九條 救助方對遇險的船舶和其他財產的救助，取得效果的，有權獲得救助報酬；

　　Article 179 Where the salvage operations rendered to the distressed ship and other property have had a useful result, the salvor shall be entitled to a reward.

　　救助未取得效果的，除本法第一百八十二條或者其他法律另規(guī)定或者合同另有約定外，無權獲得救助款項。

　　Except as otherwise provided for by Article 182 of this Code or by other laws or the salvage contract, the salvor shall not be entitled to the payment if the salvage operations have had no useful result.

　　第一百八十條 確定救助報酬，應當體現(xiàn)對救助作業(yè)的鼓勵，并綜合考慮下列各項因素：

　　Article 180 The reward shall be fixed with a view to encouraging salvage operations, taking into full account the following criteria:

　　（一）船舶和其他財產的獲救的價值；

　　(1) Value of the ship and other property salved;

　　（二）救助方在防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害方面的技能和努力；

　　(2) Skill and efforts of the salvors in preventing or minimizing the pollution damage to the environment;

　　（三）救助方的救助成效；

　　(3) Measure of success obtained by the salvors;

　　（四）危險的性質和程度；

　　(4) Nature and extent of the danger;

　　（五）救助方在救助船舶、其他財產和人命方面的技能和努力；

　　(5) Skill and efforts of the salvors in salving the ship, other property and life;

　　（六）救助方所用的時間、支出的費用和遭受的損失；

　　(6) Time used and expenses and losses incurred by the salvors;

　　（七）救助方或者救助設備所冒的責任風險和其他風險；

　　(7) Risk of liability and other risks run by the salvors or their equipment;

　?。ò耍┚戎教峁┚戎盏募皶r性；

　　(8) Promptness of the salvage services rendered by the salvors;

　　（九）用于救助作業(yè)的船舶和其他設備的可用性和使用情況；

　　(9) Availability and use of ships or other equipment intended for salvage operations;

　　（十）救助設備的備用狀況、效能和設備的價值。

　　(10) State of readiness and efficiency of the salvors' equipment and the value thereof.

　　救助報酬不得超過船舶和其他財產的獲救價值。

　　The reward shall not exceed the value of the ship and other property salved.

　　第一百八十一條 船舶和其他財產的獲救價值，是指船舶和其他財產獲救后的估計價值或者實際出賣的收入，扣除有關稅款和海關、檢疫、檢驗費用以及行卸載、保管、估價、出賣而產生的費用后的價值。

　　Article 181 The salved value of the ship and other property means the assessed value of the ship and other property salved or the proceeds of the sale thereof, after deduction of the relevant taxes and customs dues, quarantine expenses, inspection charges as well as expenses incurred in connection with the discharge, storage, assessment of the value and the sale thereof.

　　前款規(guī)定的價值不包括船員的獲救的私人物品和旅客的獲救的自帶行李的價值。

　　The value prescribed in the preceding paragraph does not include the value of the salved personal belongings of the crew and that of the cabin luggage of the passengers.

　　第一百八十二條 對構成環(huán)境污染損害危險的船舶或者船上貨物進行的救助，救助方依照本法第一百八十條規(guī)定獲得的救助報酬，少于依照本條規(guī)定可以到的特別補償?shù)模戎接袡嘁勒毡緱l規(guī)定，從船舶所有人處獲得相當于救助費用的特別補償。

　　Article 182 If the salvor has carried out the salvage operations in respect of a ship which by itself or its goods threatened pollution damage to the environment and has failed to earn a reward under Article 180 of this Code at least equivalent to the special compensation assessable in accordance with this Article, he shall be entitled to special compensation from the owner of that ship equivalent to his expenses as herein defined.

　　救助人進行前款規(guī)定的救助作業(yè)，取得防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害效果的，船舶所有人依照前款規(guī)定應當向救助方支付的特別補償可以另行增加，增加的數(shù)額可以達到救助費用的百分之三十。

　　If the salvor has carried out the salvage operations prescribed in the preceding paragraph and has prevented or minimized pollution damage to the environment, the special compensation payable by the owner to the salvor under paragraph 1 of this Article may be increased by an amount up to a maximum of 30% of the expenses incurred by the salvor.

　　受理爭議的法院或者仲裁機構認為適當，并且考慮到本法第一百八十條第一款的規(guī)定，可以判決或者裁決進一步增加特別補償數(shù)額；但是，在任何情況下，增加部分不得超過救助費用的百分之一百。

　　The court which has entertained the suit or the arbitration organization may, if it deems fair and just and taking into consideration the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 180 of this Code, render a judgment or an award further increasing the amount of such special compensation, but in no event shall the total increase be more than 100% of the expenses incurred by the salvor.

　　本條所稱救助費用，是指救助方在救助作業(yè)中直接支付的合理費用以及實際使用救助設備、投入救助人員的合理費用。

　　The salvor's expenses referred to in this Article means the salvor's outofpocket expenses reasonably incurred in the salvage operation and the reasonable expenses for the equipment and personnel actually used in the salvage operation.

　　確定救助費用應當考慮本法第一百八十條第一款第（八）、（九）、（十）項的規(guī)定。

　　In determining the salvor's expenses, the provisions of subparagraphs (8), (9) and (10) of paragraph 1 of Article 180 of this Code shall be taken into consideration.

　　在任何情況下，本條規(guī)定的全部特別補償，只有在超過救助方依照本法第一百八十條規(guī)定能夠獲得的救助報酬時，方可支付，支付金額為特別補償超過救助報酬的差額部分。

　　Under all circumstances, the total special compensation provided for in this Article shall be paid only if such compensation is greater than the reward recoverable by the salvor under Article 180 of this Code, and the amount to be paid shall be the difference between the special compensation and the reward.

　　由于救助方的過失未能防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害的，可以全部或者部分地剝奪救助方獲得特別補償?shù)臋嗬?/span>

　　If the salvor has been negligent and has thereby failed to prevent or minimize the pollution damage to the environment, the salvor may be totally or partly deprived of the right to the special compensation.

　　本條規(guī)定不影響船舶所有人對其他被救助方的追償權。

　　Nothing in this Article shall affect the right of recourse on the part of the shipowner against any other parties salved.

　　第一百八十三條 救助報酬的金額，應當由獲救的船舶和其他財產的各所有人，按照船舶和其他各項財產各自的獲救價值占全部獲救價值的比例承擔。

　　Article 183 The salvage reward shall be paid by the owners of the salved ship and other property in accordance with the respective proportions which the salved values of the ship and other property bear to the total salved value.

　　第一百八十四條 參加同一救助作業(yè)的各救助方的救助報酬，應當根據本法第一百八十條規(guī)定的標準，由各方協(xié)商確定；

　　Article 184 The distribution of salvage reward among the salvors taking part in the same salvage operation shall be made by agreement among such salvors on the basis of the criteria set out in Article 180 of this Code;

　　協(xié)商不成的，可以提請受理爭議法院判決或者經各方協(xié)議提請仲裁機構裁決。

　　failing such agreement, the matter may be brought before the court hearing the case for judgment, or, upon the agreement of the parties, submitted to the arbitration organization for an award.

　　第一百八十五條 在救助作業(yè)中救助人命的救助方，對獲救人員不得請求酬金，但是有權從救助船舶或者其他財產、防止或者減少環(huán)境污染損害的救助方得的救助款項中，獲得合理的份額。

　　Article 185 The salvors of human life may not demand any remuneration from those whose lives are saved. However, salvors of human life are entitled to a fair share of the payment awarded to the salvors for salving the ship or other property or for preventing or minimizing the pollution damage to the environment.

　　第一百八十六條 下列救助行為無權獲得救助款項：

　　Article 186 The following salvage operations shall not be entitled to remuneration:

　　（一）正常履行拖航合同或者其他服務合同的義務進行救助的，但是提供不屬于履行上述義務的特殊勞務除外；

　　(1) The salvage operation is carried out as a duty to normally perform a towage contract or other service contract, with the exception, however, of providing special services beyond the performance of the above said duty.

　　（二）不顧遇險的船舶的船長、船舶所有人或者其他財產所有人明確的和合理的拒絕，仍然進行救助的。

　　(2) The salvage operation is carried out in spite of the express and reasonable prohibition on the part of the Master of the ship in distress, the owner of the ship in question and the owner of the other property.

　　第一百八十七條 由于救助方的過失致使救助作業(yè)成為必需或者更加困難的，或者救助方有欺詐或者其他不誠實行為的，應當取消或者減少向救助方支付救助款項。

　　Article 187 Where the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult due to the fault of the salvor or where the salvor has committed fraud or other dishonest conduct, the salvor shall be deprived of the whole or part of the payment payable to him.

　　第一百八十八條 被救助方在救助作業(yè)結束后，應當根據救助方的要求，對救助款項提供滿意的擔保。

　　Article 188 After the completion of the salvage operation, the party salved shall, at the request of the salvor, provide satisfactory security for salvage reward and other charges.

　　在不影響前款規(guī)定的情況下，獲救船舶的船舶所有人應當在獲救的貨物交還前，盡力使貨物的所有人對其應當承擔的救助款項提供滿意的擔保。

　　Without prejudice to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the owner of the ship salved shall, before the release of the goods, make best endeavours to cause the owners of the property salved to provide satisfactory security for the share of the payment that they ought to bear.

　　在未根據救助人的要求對獲救的船舶或者其他財產提供滿意的擔保以前，未經救助方同意，不得將獲救的船舶和其他財產從救助作業(yè)完成后最初到達的港口或者地點移走。

　　Without the consent of the salvor, the ship or other property salved shall not be removed from the port or place at which they first arrived after the completion of the salvage operation, until satisfactory security has been provided with respect to the ship or other property salved, as demanded by the salvor.

　　第一百八十九條 受理救助款項請求的法院或者仲裁機構，根據具體情況，在合理的條件下，可以裁定或者裁決被救助方向救助方先行支付適當?shù)慕痤~。

　　Article 189 The court or the arbitration organization handling the salvor's claim for payment may, in light of the specific circumstances and under fair and just terms, decide or make an award ordering the party salved to pay on account an appropriate amount to the salvor.

　　被救助方根據前款規(guī)定先行支付金額后，其根據本法第一百八十八條規(guī)定提供的擔保金額應當相應扣減。

　　On the basis of the payment on account made by the party salved in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the security provided under Article 188 of this Code shall be reduced accordingly.

　　第一百九十條 對于獲救滿九十日的船舶和其他財產，如果被救助方不支付救助款項也不提供滿意的擔保，救助方可以申請法院裁定強制拍賣；

　　Article 190 If the party salved has neither made the payment nor provided satisfactory security for the ship and other property salved after 90 days of the salvage, the salvor may apply to the court for an order on forced sale by auction.

　　對于無法管、不易保管或者保管費用可能超過其價值的獲救的船舶和其他財產，可以申請?zhí)崆芭馁u。

　　With respect to the ship or the property salved that cannot be kept or cannot be properly kept, or the storage charge to be incurred may exceed its value, the salvor may apply for an earlier forced sale by auction.

　　拍賣所得價款，在扣除保管和拍賣過程中的一切費用后，依照本法規(guī)定支付救助款項；剩余的金額，退還被救助方；無法退還、自拍賣之日起滿一年又無人認領的，上繳國庫；

　　The proceeds of the sale shall, after deduction of the expenses incurred for the storage and sale, be used for the payment in accordance with the provisions of this Code. The remainder, if any, shall be returned to the party salved, and, if there is no way to return the remainder or if the remainder has not been claimed after one year of the forced sale, it shall go to the State Treasury.

　　不足的金額，救助方有權向被救助方追償。

　　In case of any deficiency, the salvor has the right of recourse against the party salved.

　　第一百九十一條 同一船舶所有人的船舶之間進行的救助，救助方獲得救助款項的權利適用本章規(guī)定。

　　Article 191 The provisions of this Chapter shall apply to the salvor's right to the payment for the salvage operations carried out between the ships of the same owner.

　　第一百九十二條 國家有關主管機關從事或者控制的救助作業(yè)，救助方有權享受本章規(guī)定的關于救助作業(yè)的權利和補償。

　　Article 192 With respect to the salvage operations performed or controlled by the relevant competent authorities of the State, the salvors shall be entitled to avail themselves of the rights and remedies provided for in this Chapter in respect of salvage operations.

　　第十章 共同海損

　　Chapter X General Average

　　第一百九十三條 共同海損，是指在同一海上航程中，船舶、貨物和其他財產遭遇共同危險，為了共同安全，有意地合理地采取措施所直接造成的特殊犧、支付的特殊費用。

　　Article 193 General average means the extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure intentionally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril the ship, goods or other property involved in a common maritime adventure.

　　無論在航程中或者在航程結束后發(fā)生的船舶或者貨物因遲延所造成的損失，包括船期損失和行市損失以及其他間接損失，均不得列入共同海損。

　　Loss or damage sustained by the ship or goods through delay, whether on the voyage or subsequently, such as demurrage and loss of market as well as other indirect losses, shall not be admitted as general average.

　　第一百九十四條 船舶因發(fā)生意外、犧牲或者其他特殊情況而損壞時，為了安全完成本航程，駛入避難港口、避難地點或者駛回裝貨港口、裝貨地點進行要的修理，在該港口或者地點額外停留期間所支付的港口費，船員工資、給養(yǎng)，船舶所消耗的燃料、物料，為修理而卸載、儲存、重裝或者搬移船上貨物、燃料、物料以及其他財產所造成的損失、支付的費用，應當列入共同海損。

　　Article 194 When a ship, after having been damaged in consequence of accident, sacrifice or other extraordinary circumstances, shall have entered a port or place of refuge or returned to its port or place of loading to effect repairs which are necessary for the safe prosecution of the voyage, then the port charges paid, the wages and maintenance of the crew incurred and the fuel and stores consumed during the extra period of detention in such port or place, as well as the loss or damage and charges arising from the discharge, storage, reloading and handling of the goods, fuel, stores and other property on board in order to have the repairs done shall be allowed as general average.

　　第一百九十五條 為代替可以列為共同海損的特殊費用而支付的額外費用，可以作為代替費用列入共同海損；但是，列入共同海損的代替費用的金額，不超過被代替的共同海損的特殊費用。

　　Article 195 Any extra expense incurred in place of another expense which would have been allowed as general average shall be deemed to be general average and so allowed, but the amount of such expense incurred shall not be in excess of the general average expense avoided.

　　第一百九十六條 提出共同海損分攤請求的一方應當負舉證責任，證明其損失應當列人共同海損。

　　Article 196 The onus of proof shall be upon the party claiming in general average to show that the loss or expense claimed is properly allowable as general average.

　　第一百九十七條 引起共同海損特殊犧牲、特殊費用的事故，可能是由航程中一方的過失造成的，不影響該方要求分攤共同海損的權利；

　　Article 197 Rights to contribution in general average shall not be affected, though the event which gave rise to the sacrifice or expenditure may have been due to the fault of one of the parties to the adventure.

　　但是，非過失方者過失方可以就此項過失提出賠償請求或者進行抗辯。

　　However, this shall not prejudice any remedies or defences which may be open against or to that party in respect of such fault.

　　第一百九十八條 船舶、貨物和運費的共同海損犧牲的金額，依照下列規(guī)定確定：

　　Article 198 The amounts of sacrifice of the ship, the goods and the freight shall be respectively determined as follows:

　　（一）船舶共同海損犧牲的金額，按照實際支付的修理費，減除合理的以新?lián)Q舊的扣減額計算。

　　(1) The amount of sacrifice of the ship shall be calculated on the basis of the repair cost of the ship actually paid, from which any reasonable deduction in respect of 'new for old' being made.

　　船舶尚未修理的，按照犧牲造成的合理貶值計算，但是不得超過估計的修理費。

　　Where the ship has not been repaired after the sacrifice, the amount of sacrifice thereof shall be calculated on the basis of the reasonable reduced value of ship after the general average sacrifice. Such amount shall not exceed the estimated cost of repair.

　　船舶發(fā)生實際全損或者修理費用超過修復后的船舶價值的，共同海損犧牲金額按照該船舶在完好狀態(tài)下的估計價值，減除不屬于共同海損損壞的估計的修理費和該船舶受損后的價值的余額計算。

　　Where the ship is an actual total loss or where the cost of repair would exceed the value of the ship after the repair, the amount of sacrifice of the ship shall be calculated on the basis of the estimated sound value of the ship, less the estimated cost of repair not allowable as general average, as well as the value of the ship after the damage.

　?。ǘ┴浳锕餐p犧牲的金額，貨物滅失的，按照貨物在裝船時的價值加保險費加運費，減除由于犧牲無需支付的運費計算。

　　(2) The amount of sacrifice of the goods already lost shall be calculated on the basis of the value of the goods at the time of shipment plus insurance and freight, from which the freight that need not be paid due to the sacrifice made being deducted.

　　貨物損壞，在就損壞程度達成協(xié)議前售出的，按照貨物在裝船時的價值加保險費加運費，與出售貨物凈得的差額計算。

　　For the damaged goods that had already been sold before an agreement was reached on the extent of the damage sustained, the amount of sacrifice thereof shall be calculated on the basis of the difference between the value of the goods at the time of shipment plus insurance and freight, and the net proceeds of the goods so sold.

　　（三）運費共同海損犧牲的金額，按照貨物遭受犧牲造成的運費的損失金額，減除為取得這筆運費本應支付，但是由于犧牲無需支付的營運費用計算。

　　(3) The amount of sacrifice of the freight shall be calculated on the basis of the amount of loss of freight on account of the sacrifice of the goods, from which the operating expenses that ought to be paid in order to earn such freight but need not be paid because of the sacrifice shall be deducted.

　　第一百九十九條 共同海損應當由受益方按照各自的分攤價值的比例分攤。

　　Article 199 The contribution in general average shall be made in proportion to the contributory values of the respective beneficiaries.

　　船舶、貨物和運費的共同海損分攤價值，分別依照下列規(guī)定確定：

　　The contributory value in general average by the ship, goods and freight shall be determined as follows:

　　（一）船舶共同海損分攤價值，按照船舶在航程終止時的完好價值，減除不屬于共同海損的損失金額計算，或者按照船舶在航程終止時的實際價值，加上共同海損犧牲的金額計算。

　　(1) The contributory value of the ship shall be calculated on the basis of the sound value of the ship at the place where the voyage ends, from which any damage that does not come under general average sacrifice being deducted; alternately, the actual value of the ship at the place where the voyage ends, plus the amount of general average sacrifice.

　　（二）貨物共同海損分攤價值，按照貨物在裝船時的價值加保險費加運費，減除不屬于共同海損的損失金額和承運人承擔風險的運費計算。

　　(2) The contributory value of the goods shall be calculated on the basis of the value of the goods at the time of shipment plus insurance and freight, from which the damage that does not come under the general average sacrifice and the carrier's freight at risk being deducted.

　　貨物在抵達目的港以前售出的，按照出售凈得金額，加上共同海損犧牲的金額計算。

　　Where the goods had been sold before its arrival at the port of destination, its value for contribution shall be the net proceeds plus the amount of general average sacrifice.

　　旅客的行李和私人物品，不分攤共同海損。

　　Passenger's luggage and personal belongings shall not be included in the value for contribution.

　　（三）運費分攤價值，按照承運人承擔風險并于航程終止時有權收取的運費，減除為取得該項運費而在共同海損事故發(fā)生后，為完成本航程所支付的營運費用，如上共同海損犧牲的金額計算。

　　(3) The contributory value of freight shall be calculated on the basis of the amount of freight at the risk of the carrier and which the carrier is entitled to collect at the end of the voyage, less any expense incurred for the prosecution of the voyage after the general average, in order to earn the freight, plus the amount of general average sacrifice.

　　第二百條 未申報的貨物或者謊報的貨物，應當參加共同海損分攤；其遭受的特殊犧牲，不得列入共同海損。

　　Article 200 Goods undeclared or wrongfully declared shall be liable for the contribution to general average, but the special sacrifice sustained by such goods shall not be allowed as general average.

　　不正當?shù)匾缘陀谪浳飳嶋H價值作為申報價值的，按照實際價值分攤共同海損；在發(fā)生共同海損犧牲時，按照申報價值計算犧牲金額。

　　Where the value of the goods has been improperly declared at a value below its actual value, the contribution to general average shall be made on the basis of their actual value and, where a general average sacrifice has occurred, the amount of sacrifice shall be calculated on the basis of the declared value.

　　第二百零一條 對共同海損特殊犧牲和墊付的共同海損特殊費用，應當計算利息。

　　Article 201 Interest shall be allowed on general average sacrifice and general average expenses paid on account.

　　對墊付的共同海損特殊費用，除船員工資、給養(yǎng)和船舶消耗的燃料、物外，應當計算手續(xù)費。

　　A commission shall be allowed for the general average expenses paid on account, except those for the wages and maintenance of the crew and fuel and store consumed.

　　第二百零二條 經利益關系人要求，各分攤方應當提供共同海損擔保。

　　Article 202 The contributing parties shall provide security for general average contribution at the request of the parties that have an interest therein.

　　以提供保證金方式進行共同海損擔保的，保證金應當交由海損理算師以保管人名義存入銀行。

　　Where the security has been provided in the form of cash deposits, such deposits shall be put in a bank by an average adjuster in the name of a trustee.

　　保證金的提供、使用或者退還，不影響各方最終的分攤責任。

　　The provision, use and refund of the deposits shall be without prejudice to the ultimate liability of the contributing parties.

　　第二百零三條 共同海損理算，適用合同約定的理算規(guī)則；合同未約定的，適用本章的規(guī)定。

　　Article 203 The adjustment of general average shall be governed by the average adjustment rules agreed upon in the relevant contract. In the absence of such an agreement in the contract, the relevant provisions contained in this Chapter shall apply.