新年即將來(lái)臨，春節(jié)的氣息愈發(fā)濃郁，街頭巷尾洋溢著喜慶的氛圍。然而，在這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的團(tuán)圓時(shí)刻，你是否曾感受到一絲難以言喻的壓力和焦慮？

沒(méi)錯(cuò)，這就是我們今天要談?wù)摰摹翱帜曜濉爆F(xiàn)象！

顧名思義，“恐年族”就是害怕過(guò)年的一群人，指的是在春節(jié)期間，一些年輕人面對(duì)各種社會(huì)和家庭壓力而產(chǎn)生的心理焦慮和壓迫感。

“New Year phobia” is the anxiety some people feel during Chinese New Year. Some young people experience a psychological anxiety during the Spring Festival holiday because of various social and family pressures.

對(duì)于某些年輕人，春節(jié)從一個(gè)備受期盼的節(jié)日，變成一個(gè)讓人緊張的時(shí)刻，甚至產(chǎn)生“恐年族”這一社會(huì)心理現(xiàn)象，背后有哪些成因呢？

首先，家庭壓力是“恐年族”形成的重要成因。

春節(jié)是家人團(tuán)聚的時(shí)刻，一方面，年輕人渴望回歸家庭的溫暖，享受親情的慰藉和節(jié)日歡聚的幸福，但另一方面，他們也可能被家庭期望的重壓所困，擔(dān)心無(wú)法滿足長(zhǎng)輩們對(duì)于婚姻生育、職業(yè)發(fā)展、經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況等各方面的期待。

While the youth yearn for the warmth of family and the joy of festive gatherings, and seek a supportive and inclusive atmosphere, they also may feel overwhelmed by the weight of familial expectations, fearing they cannot meet elders’ expectations regarding their marriage, career and income.

在婚育和事業(yè)發(fā)展等話題上，年輕人與父母代際之間在價(jià)值觀和期望上的巨大差異，讓一些年輕人感到邊界被入侵、因而壓力倍增，使得春節(jié)不再是輕松愉快的時(shí)刻，而成為一場(chǎng)心理挑戰(zhàn)。

The stark contrast in values and expectations between young adults and their parents, especially with regard to marriage, childbearing and career growth, increases pressure on the youth, transforming the Spring Festival holiday from a cheerful occasion into a psychological battleground.

其次，社交壓力和人情消費(fèi)也是造成“恐年族”現(xiàn)象的重要原因。

現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，人際關(guān)系越來(lái)越復(fù)雜，社交圈的人情消費(fèi)也越來(lái)越繁瑣。在春節(jié)期間，面對(duì)眾多親戚朋友的拜訪和祝福，許多年輕人不僅需要花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間和精力，還需要面對(duì)各種禮尚往來(lái)的場(chǎng)面，增加了心理負(fù)擔(dān)。

隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和物質(zhì)水平提高，昂貴的禮物和紅包成為了衡量人際關(guān)系密切程度的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，讓許多年輕人在這種無(wú)形的攀比壓力下感到焦慮，尤其是當(dāng)春節(jié)交流的話題主要聚焦在職位、收入、成績(jī)等話題，就給年輕人一種被評(píng)判的感受。

With economic growth and improved living standards, expensive gifts and cash-heavy red envelopes (hongbao) have become a yardstick for measuring the closeness of interpersonal relations.

This invisible pressure triggers anxiety among many youths, especially when conversations during the holiday revolve around job positions, income, and achievements, leaving them with a sense of being judged.

最后，信息爆炸和社交媒體的普及也加劇了年輕人的焦慮。

人們常常會(huì)在社交平臺(tái)上看到他人精心布置的生活和幸福瞬間，與自己的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活形成對(duì)比，導(dǎo)致自我壓力增加。

我們需要正視“恐年族”現(xiàn)象的成因，積極采取措施來(lái)化解這種焦慮。西南科技大學(xué)心理學(xué)系副教授王斌和同濟(jì)大學(xué)博士付浩杰給大家支了幾招：

首先，當(dāng)代青年需要自我救贖，爭(zhēng)做新時(shí)代春節(jié)的“當(dāng)家人”。

面對(duì)春節(jié)過(guò)年，認(rèn)知上不拒絕，情感上不回避，行為上更積極嘗試，發(fā)現(xiàn)、欣賞、參與并創(chuàng)新自己家鄉(xiāng)和家庭親友的春節(jié)故事。

以紅包為例，本意是祝福，圖文、視頻、彩票、以及包含有自創(chuàng)繪畫(huà)、書(shū)信祝福二維碼都可以作為紅包，不比錢(qián)多，就比創(chuàng)新，年輕人當(dāng)家做主的春節(jié)會(huì)更值得期待。

First, the youth should take the lead in shaping a new Spring Festival culture. Instead of shying away from the festival, they should appreciate their family’s traditions, participate in the celebrations, and strive for innovation.

Take the red envelopes, originally symbols of blessings, for instance, they can now be presented as images, videos, lottery tickets, or even a QR code containing self-created paintings and heartfelt letters. After all, a youth-driven Spring Festival will be more vibrant and joyful.

其次，當(dāng)代家庭需要與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，營(yíng)造更加張弛有度的家庭氛圍。盡管有恐年的壓力，但家始終是年輕人的歸屬，是心靈的港灣，是社會(huì)壓力的緩沖區(qū)，可以為年輕人提供充分的接納包容，和關(guān)鍵性的社會(huì)支持，幫助年輕人更好地應(yīng)對(duì)未來(lái)的壓力。

Second, modern families need to adapt to the times and create a more relaxed family atmosphere. Despite the “New Year phobia”, home remains the anchor for youths; it is a sanctuary for their souls and a buffer against societal stress. By accepting reality — in terms of youths’ career and income — and providing support, families can help young people better cope with future challenges.

父母可以主動(dòng)嘗試到兒女工作的城市去團(tuán)聚，而不僅僅是讓他們回家過(guò)年；或者父母兒女一起相約旅游過(guò)年等，既享受了全家團(tuán)聚的新年喜悅，又減少了很多傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗的束縛。

Parents, too, can change the trend by visiting the city where their children work, instead of waiting for them to come home every New Year. Alternatively, families can opt for traveling together during the holiday, embracing the joy of reunion while breaking free from traditional customs.

當(dāng)過(guò)年的心理收益和積極功能大于可能面臨的心理壓力時(shí)，年輕人自然而然就會(huì)更加積極地參與春節(jié)活動(dòng)，積極擁抱過(guò)年。

最后，當(dāng)代社會(huì)需要更加開(kāi)放和包容，傳承創(chuàng)新春節(jié)文化。數(shù)千年的春節(jié)習(xí)俗需要傳承，但是也不能簡(jiǎn)單地認(rèn)為春節(jié)所有習(xí)俗都要一成不變。

And third, contemporary society should be more open and inclusive, both preserving traditional customs and celebrations and using innovative ways to celebrate the Spring Festival. While thousands of years of traditions should be preserved, it’s not necessary to rigidly adhere to every custom. 

比如，春節(jié)期間大吃大喝的傳統(tǒng)方式應(yīng)該節(jié)制，嘗試年輕人的食譜，避免鋪張浪費(fèi)，也避免過(guò)度餐桌社交、營(yíng)養(yǎng)過(guò)剩等帶給年輕人的心理壓力。

擁抱春節(jié)回家過(guò)年，而不是恐年不歸，當(dāng)代年輕熱才能夠更好地對(duì)催婚、催育、“春劫”、人情消費(fèi)等現(xiàn)象“祛魅”，對(duì)來(lái)自家人的關(guān)心“去標(biāo)簽化”，避免對(duì)恐懼本身的恐懼導(dǎo)致的疊加效應(yīng)，恐懼也就慢慢地消解，我們也就迎來(lái)了春節(jié)新習(xí)俗，可以更好地享受春節(jié)帶來(lái)的幸?？鞓?lè)。

記者：姚宇馨

編輯：李雪晴