a bit & a little

【例句】

1. Will you please turn down the radio a bit/ a little?

2. John is a bit/ a little taller than his father.

3. I only had a little soup for breakfast.

4. Would you like a bit of chocolate?

【貼士】

a bit和a little都有“一點(diǎn)兒”之意，在句中都可修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)和比較級(jí)，但它們也有區(qū)別：

★ a little 可直接作定語(yǔ)，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：

There’s a little food left for dinner.

★ a bit不能直接作定語(yǔ)，只有和of搭配，構(gòu)成a bit of短語(yǔ)，才可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：

There’s a bit of milk in the glass. You can drink it.

【跟蹤練習(xí)】

從括號(hào)中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)完成句子。

1. I think it’s ________ (a bit/ a little) noisy in the classroom now.

2. Don’t hurry up! We still have ________ (a bit/ a little) time.

3. Can you get ________ (a bit/ a bit of) bread for me?

4. Yesterday it rained ________ (a bit/ a little) so we didn’t go camping.

Key:

1. a bit/ a little

2. a little

3. a bit of

4. a bit/ a little

just & just now

【例句】

1. I have just seen John.

2. Mary left for school just now.

【貼士】

★ just 作副詞，意為“剛好；剛剛”，可用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中。如：

My brother has just told me the good news.

★ just now 意為“剛才”，常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)連用，相當(dāng)于 a moment ago。如：

Did you hear anyone knock at the door just now?

just now 還可意為“此刻”可用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：

I can’t help you just now. I’m very busy. Please wait for a moment.

【跟蹤練習(xí)】

請(qǐng)用 just 或 just now 填空， 完成句子。

1. — I have ________ watched the movie. What about you?

— I watched it ________.

2. — How is your study trip?

— It is good ________.

Key:

1. just; just now

2. just now

lonely & alone

【例句】

1. She feels rather lonely in this strange town. 在這個(gè)陌生的城鎮(zhèn)里，她感到相當(dāng)孤單。

2. He lives in a lonely village. 他住在一個(gè)偏僻的村莊。

3. He is alone at home. 他獨(dú)自一人在家。

4. Tom was walking alone on the road when I called him. 當(dāng)我給湯姆打電話的時(shí)候，他正獨(dú)自一人走在路上。

【貼士】

lonely只用作形容詞，指人時(shí)，意為“孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的”，帶有濃厚的感情色彩，強(qiáng)調(diào)心靈上的孤獨(dú)與寂寞，常在句中作表語(yǔ)，如句1；指物時(shí)，意為“荒涼的，偏僻的”，修飾地點(diǎn)名詞，只能作定語(yǔ)，如句2。

alone既可用作形容詞也可用作副詞。作形容詞時(shí)，意為“單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的”，表示無(wú)人陪伴，只陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，不帶感情色彩，在句中只作表語(yǔ)，如句3；作副詞時(shí)，意為“單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地”，相當(dāng)于by oneself，如句4。

【跟蹤練習(xí)】

選用lonely或alone填空。

1. He is ________ , but he doesn’t feel ________ .

2. I can work out this maths problem ________ .

Key:

1. alone; lonely

2. alone

such as & for example

【例句】

1. English is spoken in many countries, such as England, Australia, America and Canada. 許多國(guó)家講英語(yǔ)，例如英國(guó)、澳大利亞、美國(guó)和加拿大。

2. I have many hobbies, such as singing, dancing and swimming. 我有許多愛(ài)好，例如唱歌，跳舞和游泳。

3. Many people here would rather have coffee, John, for example.這里的許多人寧愿喝咖啡，例如約翰。

4. Animals are useful. For example, we can get fresh milk from cows. 動(dòng)物是有用的。例如，我們能從奶牛身上得到新鮮的牛奶。

【貼士】

such as意為“例如”，用來(lái)羅列同類(lèi)人或物中的幾個(gè)例子，其后不能加逗號(hào)，如句1、2。

for example意為“例如”，一般只列舉同類(lèi)人或物中的一個(gè)為例，可作為插入語(yǔ)，且用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)?？芍糜诰涫住⒕渲谢蚓淠?，如句3、4。

【跟蹤練習(xí)】

選用such as或for example填空。

1. Jim is very helpful. ________ , he often helps the old cross the street.

2. I have been to many cities, ________ Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou.

Key:

1. For example

2. such as