知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 I invited him to my party.(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) He was invited to my party.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) 主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)時(shí)注意： 1）主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中若賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是省略to 的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，該不定式前要加"to"。即被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中無(wú)不定式省to的情況。此類動(dòng)詞為感官動(dòng)詞 feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch The teacher made me go out of the classroom. --> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher). We saw him play football on the playground. --> He was seen to play football on the playground. 2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. The classroom must be cleaned every day. 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。 My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. Such a thing has never been heard of before. 表示"據(jù)說(shuō)"或"相信"的詞組 It is said that… 據(jù)說(shuō) It is reported that… 據(jù)報(bào)道 It is believed that…大家相信 It is hoped that…大家希望 It is well known that… 眾所周知 It is thought that…大家認(rèn)為 It is suggested that…據(jù)建議 It is taken granted that…被視為當(dāng)然 It is said that she will leave forWuhan on Tuesday. It’s taken granted that the children should take care of their old parents. 主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 1) wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive… The book sells well.這本書銷路好。 This knife cuts easily.這刀子很好用。 2) blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, build I was to blame for the accident. Much work remains. 3) 在need, require, want, worth (形容詞), deserve后的動(dòng)名詞必須用主動(dòng)形式(但表被動(dòng)含義)。 The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. This room needs cleaning. 這房間應(yīng)該打掃一下。 This book is worth reading.這本書值得一讀。 被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意義 be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get married He is graduated from a famous university. 他畢業(yè)于一所有名的大學(xué)。 注意： 表示同某人結(jié)婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。 He married a rich girl. He got married to a rich girl. 常見考法1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種時(shí)態(tài)；2.主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。 誤區(qū)提醒1.不能靈活、正確運(yùn)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種時(shí)態(tài)；2.主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的情況不熟悉。 1）The teacher told us that the attraction of the earth for all bodies____ gravity. A. is called B. called C. was called D. are called 解析：錯(cuò)選C。此題受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響。因從句“地球?qū)τ诟鞣N物體的引力叫做重力”為真理，不受時(shí)間的限制，所以應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，正確答案A。 2）The library needs___, but it''ll have to wait until Sunday. A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned 解析：錯(cuò)選D。need 表“需要”時(shí)，后面用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。答案選A。如有to be clean 則也為正確答案。 |
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