浦項科技大學(xué)（POSTECH）材料科學(xué)與工程系、鋼鐵技術(shù)研究院及機(jī)械工程系的Hyoung Seop Kim教授帶領(lǐng)的研究團(tuán)隊開發(fā)出了一種新型合金，其強(qiáng)度和延展性在零下196攝氏度到600攝氏度的極端溫度范圍內(nèi)都能保持不變。這一研究成果引起了航空航天和汽車行業(yè)的廣泛關(guān)注，相關(guān)成果發(fā)表在國際期刊Materials Research Letters上。

日常生活中使用的大多數(shù)金屬對溫度變化都很敏感，金屬門把手在冬天摸起來冰冷，在夏天摸起來又燙手。因此，傳統(tǒng)的金屬材料通常只在狹窄的溫度范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行性能優(yōu)化，這限制了它們在溫度劇烈波動環(huán)境中的有效性。

為克服這一挑戰(zhàn)，浦項科技大學(xué)的研究團(tuán)隊提出了“Hyperadaptor”的概念，并開發(fā)出一種體現(xiàn)了這一理念的新型鎳基高熵合金。

新開發(fā)的高熵合金在極寬的溫度范圍內(nèi)，從低溫條件下的-196°C（77開爾文）到高溫條件下的600°C（873開爾文），都展現(xiàn)出近乎恒定的機(jī)械性能。這種顯著的穩(wěn)定性歸因于合金內(nèi)部均勻分布的納米級析出相。這些細(xì)小顆粒起到了強(qiáng)化作用，抑制變形的同時合金內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)通過一致的滑移行為適應(yīng)應(yīng)力，使合金性能不受溫度影響。

這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對于涉及突然或極端溫度變化的應(yīng)用場景具有重大潛力，例如火箭或噴氣發(fā)動機(jī)、汽車排氣系統(tǒng)、發(fā)電廠渦輪機(jī)和管道。這種合金在這些條件下能夠保持穩(wěn)定性能的能力，可以在這些苛刻環(huán)境中極大地提高安全性和效率。

一種具有溫度不敏感機(jī)械性能鎳基高熵合金的拉伸性能和微觀結(jié)構(gòu)（在較寬的溫度范圍內(nèi)表現(xiàn)出這種性能）

Kim教授表示：“我們的HEA研究成果突破了現(xiàn)有合金的局限性，并開創(chuàng)了一類新的溫度不敏感材料。”

“Hyperadaptor概念代表了在開發(fā)下一代材料方面的突破，即使在極端條件下也能保持一致的機(jī)械性能。”

該研究得到了韓國科學(xué)和信息通信技術(shù)部通過“納米與材料技術(shù)發(fā)展計劃”提供的資助，同時也得到了現(xiàn)代汽車集團(tuán)的支持。

A new super metal stands strong, no matter the temperature

Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)

Date 2025.04.16 Views11635

A research team at POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology), led by Professor Hyoung Seop Kim from the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology, and Department of Mechanical Engineering, has developed a new alloy that maintains its strength and ductility across extreme temperatures ranging from –196 °C to 600 °C. The findings, which have drawn attention from the aerospace and automotive industries, were published in the international journal Materials Research Letters.

Most metals used in everyday life are sensitive to temperature changes—metal doorknobs feel icy in winter and scalding in summer. Consequently, conventional metal materials are typically optimized for performance within a narrow temperature range, limiting their effectiveness in environments with dramatic temperature fluctuations

To overcome this challenge, the POSTECH research team introduced the concept of the 'Hyperadaptor' and developed a nickel-based high-entropy alloy (HEA)*1 ’ that embodies this idea.

The newly developed HEA demonstrates nearly constant mechanical performance across a wide temperature range—from cryogenic conditions at -196°C (77 K) to high heat at 600°C (873 K). This remarkable stability is attributed to the presence of nanoscale L1? precipitates*2 , which are uniformly distributed within the alloy. These fine particles act as reinforcements that inhibit deformation, while the alloy's internal structure accommodates stress through consistent slip behavior, regardless of temperature.

This development holds significant promise for applications that involve sudden or extreme temperature changes, such as rocket or jet engines, automotive exhaust systems, power plant turbines, and pipelines. The alloy’s ability to maintain stable performance under such conditions can greatly enhance both safety and efficiency in these demanding environments.

“Our HEA breaks through the limitations of existing alloys and establishes a new class of temperature-insensitive materials,” said Professor Kim. “The Hyperadaptor concept represents a breakthrough in developing next-generation materials with consistent mechanical behavior even under extreme conditions.”

The study was supported by the Ministry of Science and ICT through the Nano and Materials Technology Development Program and by Hyundai Motor Group. 

Article Title：Hyperadaptor;Temperature-insensitive tensile properties of Ni-based high-entropy alloy a wide temperature range.

DOI: https:///10.1080/21663831.2025.2457346.