ChatGPT的SCI寫作指令：潤色指令與潤色效果初評

ChatGPT已經(jīng)歷多個版本的迭代和改進。GPT-3.5（常用的免費版本）架構(gòu)引入了更大的模型規(guī)模和更多的訓練數(shù)據(jù)，使得語言理解和生成的質(zhì)量大幅提高。ChatGPT可在多個方面對科研人員提供幫助，其中之一就是SCI論文潤色。通過輸入論文的摘要、引言或者段落，科研人員可獲得ChatGPT生成的回復，這些回復包括修改建議、語法糾正、表達方式優(yōu)化等。本期將提供一些主流的ChatGPT潤色指令，并對其潤色效果進行初評。先給出省流版結(jié)論：ChatGPT潤色挺好，但仍需本人校核。

根據(jù)潤色結(jié)果人工再次修改：In summary, the above characterization indicated successful production of small-sized CDs with an average diameter of 6.30 nm through the Schiff base reaction of o-PD and p-BQ under low-temperature conditions.

人工再次修改解釋：原始句子存在兩種時態(tài)，根據(jù)上下文可知需要統(tǒng)一為過去式，但ChatGPT潤色時保留了一種時態(tài)，即一般時，使得該句子上下文時態(tài)不符。

根據(jù)示例1評價該潤色指令：成功簡化句子、刪除冗余動詞；但當提供句子過短時，需自己進一步校核語法錯誤，故盡可能提供多個句子。

（2）示例2

原始句子：Furthermore, with an extended immersion time of 20 days, a similar trend was observed (Fig. 6d), with the C400 sample exhibiting the highest |Z|0.01 Hz value, thereby manifesting the most significant long-term protective ability. Furthermore, the maximum phase angle in Bode plots (Fig. 6b and d) increased with increasing concentrations of CDs, which suggested CDs absorption at the steel/solution interface.

ChatGPT潤色句子：Furthermore, an extended immersion time of 20 days resulted in a similar trend (Fig. 6d), where the C400 sample exhibited the highest |Z|0.01 Hz value, indicating its significant long-term protective ability. Additionally, the Bode plots (Fig. 6b and d) showed an increasing maximum phase angle with higher concentrations of CDs, indicating the absorption of CDs at the steel/solution interface.

ChatGPT給出的潤色解釋：

根據(jù)潤色結(jié)果人工再次修改：A similar tendency was observed with an extended immersion time of 20 d (Fig. 6d). In detail, the |Z|0.01 Hz values of C100, C200, C300, and C400 samples boost by 91.1%, 95.5%, 97.3%, and 98.8% respectively, compared with that of C0 group, further indicating the long-term protection of CDs against chloride corrosion. In addition, all the maximum phase angles in Bode plots (Fig. 6b and d) moved higher with the augment of CDs concentration regardless of the immersion for 2 or 20 d, demonstrating CDs adsorption at the steel/solution interface.

人工再次修改解釋：原始句子提供信息不完整，導致ChatGPT無法完整表達論文意思，故補充了原始句子未提到的信息（緩蝕率數(shù)據(jù)、免受“氯離子”腐蝕）。

根據(jù)示例2評價該潤色指令：ChatGPT可修改主被動用法、替換更合適連詞、提升寫作流暢性和邏輯性，但未給出部分修改的潤色解釋。需要注意的是，ChatGPT不可能給出超出原始句子以外的其他信息，故需要提供有完整信息的原始句子。也就是說，ChatGPT再強大也不能自動“機補”出原始句子未提供的信息。

（3）示例3

原始句子：As the concentration of CDs increased, the diameter of capacitive loops was enlarged, suggesting an enhanced inhibition ability.

ChatGPT潤色句子：With increasing concentrations of CDs, the diameter of the capacitive loops enlarged, indicating an enhanced inhibition ability.

ChatGPT給出的潤色解釋：

根據(jù)潤色結(jié)果人工再次修改：As the concentration of CDs increased, the diameter of capacitive loops enlarged, suggesting an enhanced inhibition ability.

人工再次修改解釋：沒必要替換“suggesting”為“indicating”。

根據(jù)示例3評價該潤色指令：準確修改了單詞的錯誤用法，但部分改動可有可無，需要各位讀者自行甄別。

（4）示例4

原始句子：It should be noted that the hollow defect in Fig. 10b was from acid pickling, for realizing the depth of corrosion pits, thus substituting the raised corrosion product in Fig. 9b.

ChatGPT潤色句子：It is important to note that the hollow defect shown in Fig. 10b resulted from acid pickling, which was done to reveal the depth of corrosion pits. This substitution replaced the raised corrosion product seen in Fig. 9b.

ChatGPT給出的潤色解釋：

根據(jù)潤色結(jié)果人工再次修改：It should be noted that to ascertain the depth of the large corrosion pit, the corrosion products on the steel surface were treated by acid pickling.

人工再次修改解釋：原始句子的重要信息是“為了明確腐蝕坑深度”，但原始句子未前置重要信息，而ChatGPT也未發(fā)現(xiàn)這一點，故進一步修改時明確了這一點。

根據(jù)示例4評價該潤色指令：ChatGPT在原文結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)上有一定詞組替換（“be from”改為“result from”，“for realizing”改為“which was done to reveal”）；但ChatGPT有時候無法幫助我們區(qū)分主次信息，需使用者自行甄別。

（5）示例5：該指令的新用法——更好的理解文獻

使用背景：遇到文獻語句不易理解時，可使用該指令進行改寫，改寫后更通順的、有中文解釋的句子方便讀者朋友們理解原文深意。請看以下示例：

原始句子：PCE is mainly adsorbed on the surface of MMT, when its concentration is <0.9 mg/mL. The galleries of MMT are completely occupied by the side chain of PCE at 10 mg/mL, as evidenced by the disappearance of peaks at 7.34°. The intercalated MMT shows the d-value of 1.50 ± 0.10 and 1.75 ± 0.10 nm, due to the different intercalation degree. The proportion of intercalated MMT increases with PCE concentration, but the enhanced temperature is unfavorable to the intercalation.

ChatGPT潤色句子：When the concentration of PCE is <0.9 mg/mL, it mainly adsorbs onto the surface of MMT. At 10 mg/mL, the galleries of MMT become completely occupied by the side chain of PCE, as indicated by the disappearance of peaks at 7.34°. The intercalated MMT exhibits different d-values of 1.50 ± 0.10 and 1.75 ± 0.10 nm, reflecting varying degrees of intercalation. The proportion of intercalated MMT increases with PCE concentration, but higher temperatures hinder the intercalation process.

ChatGPT給出的潤色解釋：

根據(jù)示例5評價該潤色指令：通過閱讀ChatGPT優(yōu)化邏輯后的句子，讀者可以更不費力地理解原文含義。

對該指令的整體評價：ChatGPT可在原文結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)上修改錯誤用詞、優(yōu)化連詞、減少句式冗余、給出的文本可讀性更強。但是，可有可無的修改、無特別標注的修改需要使用者自行甄別、對比。另外，建議各位讀者在使用該命令時，給出較長的文本（包含上下文語境、使用整段落等）進行潤色。

2、全面的句式優(yōu)化指令（精簡內(nèi)容、加強過渡、糾正錯誤、替換詞匯、添加細節(jié)、長短句轉(zhuǎn)換）

指令：

As an English paper proofreader, please revise the given English writing based on the following principles: 1. Streamline content: this will help remove redundant, repetitive, or irrelevant content to make the writing more concise and compact. 2. Enhance paragraph transitions: I will provide better connecting and transitional sentences to make the relationships between paragraphs clearer and smoother. 3. Improve sentence transitions: I will ensure logical coherence and continuity between sentences by incorporating appropriate transitional words, phrases, or sentences. 4. Correct spelling, grammar, and punctuation: I will check and rectify any spelling errors, grammar mistakes, and punctuation issues to ensure accuracy and adherence to standard conventions. 5. Replace inappropriate vocabulary: I will suggest more accurate and suitable word choices to improve the expression and semantic precision of the writing. 6. Add more specific details: If necessary, I will offer suggestions to enrich the content with specific details or relevant information. 7. Enhance readability, such as converting long sentences into shorter ones: I will modify long sentences to make them easier to understand and read while maintaining conciseness. Below is the content that you need to revise: xxxxxx (潤色的語句).

（1）示例1

原始句子：At present, corrosion inhibitors, anti-corrosion coatings and cathodic protection are commonly used corrosion inhibition methods. But these can only achieve passive protection. The chloride ions after penetration will destruct come full circle. It’s difficult to fundamentally reduce the concentration of chloride ions. The most effective method is consuming chloride ions by binding technology to obtain active protection.

ChatGPT潤色句子：Currently, corrosion inhibitors, anti-corrosion coatings, and cathodic protection are widely utilized methods for corrosion inhibition. However, these methods only provide passive protection, and the destructive effects of chloride ions persist once they penetrate the material. It is challenging to significantly reduce the concentration of chloride ions through these approaches alone. To achieve active protection, a more effective strategy involves the utilization of binding technology to consume chloride ions.

根據(jù)示例1評價該潤色指令：ChatGPT提供了語序更合理、可讀性更強的句子。但是，由于原句子寫作問題，部分句子（如the destructive effects of chloride ions persist once they penetrate the material）潤色后仍存在問題，因而需要使用者提供無歧義的句子。

（2）示例2

原始句子：To get insight into the influence of CDs size distribution on the enhancement of chloride binding performance, XRD test, TGA/DTG curves and SEM images are executed to comprehensively analysis the phase change of cement paste before and after 14-day immersion in NaCl solution. In light of comparing the XRD patterns, new peaks at 11° belonging to Fs are founded in all paste specimens after immersion.

ChatGPT潤色句子：To gain insight into the impact of CDs’ size distribution on the enhancement of chloride binding performance, several analyses were conducted, including XRD testing, TGA/DTG curves, and SEM imaging. These analyses aimed to comprehensively examine the phase change of cement paste before and after a 14-day immersion in a NaCl solution. By comparing the XRD patterns, new peaks at 11° associated with Fs were observed in all paste specimens following immersion.

根據(jù)示例2評價該潤色指令：ChatGPT在14-day immersion 和NaCl solution前加了“a”，但一些已發(fā)表論文中在這兩個詞前面并未加“a”；ChatGPT作了一些同義詞替換，需使用者自行甄別是否有必要；但ChatGPT將時態(tài)改為過去時，與作者本意不符。

對該指令的整體評價：該條指令可使ChatGPT幫助英語寫作者修改語法錯誤、優(yōu)化了語言、提高句子可讀性。但仍需使用者自行判斷修改的時態(tài)是否合適。另外，當提供的原始句子表述不清晰時，ChatGPT也可能無法提供清晰的表達。該指令與第1條指令使用效果無明顯差別。

總結(jié)

正確使用ChatGPT潤色指令，可幫助科研人員潤色論文。但是，ChatGPT是一個基于統(tǒng)計學習的模型，其并無專業(yè)領(lǐng)域知識。因此，在使用ChatGPT來潤色論文時，科研人員需提供盡可能完整的信息，審慎地評估ChatGPT提供的建議，并結(jié)合自己的專業(yè)知識和判斷進行論文修改。更加需要注意的是，ChatGPT也可能存在一些潛在的誤導或錯誤，仍需科研人員憑自身經(jīng)驗審查和驗證。指令是靈活可調(diào)的，我們可根據(jù)自身需求，在既有指令上加入新的限定語句，幫助實現(xiàn)自己的科研目的。另外，當對潤色結(jié)果不滿意時，可點擊Regenerate response，重新生成。

希望本期內(nèi)容能夠幫助改論文改到懷疑人生的碩博士和導師。