【原】Oracle 11G ADG 搭建 RAC to Single 詳細(xì)教程（RMAN DUPLICATE）

LuciferLiu 2021-12-10

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前言

經(jīng)過(guò)交流群中朋友的多次要求，這次給大家分享一下 RAC to Single 的 ADG 搭建教程！

一、環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備

老規(guī)矩，測(cè)試環(huán)境實(shí)戰(zhàn)演示：

主機(jī)名	ip	DB Version	db_name	db_unique_name
主庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)一	lucifer01	10.211.55.100	11.2.0.4	orcl
主庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)二	lucifer02	10.211.55.101	11.2.0.4	orcl
備庫(kù)	luciferdg	10.211.55.110	11.2.0.4	orcl

📢 以下幾點(diǎn)需要注意：

db_unique_name 主備庫(kù)不能相同
db_name主備庫(kù)需保持一致
主備庫(kù)DB版本需保持一致

二、搭建過(guò)程

1、Oracle軟件安裝

使用我寫(xiě)的 Oracle 一鍵安裝腳本，快速安裝主庫(kù) RAC 和備庫(kù)單機(jī)。

cd ../racdb
vagrant up
vagrant ssh node1
su - root
cd /soft
sh rac_install.sh

簡(jiǎn)單等待一段時(shí)間，Oracle RAC 就安裝成功了！

2、環(huán)境配置

搭建 ADG 之前，需要先配置一下環(huán)境信息，包括主機(jī)名解析以及 TNS。

1、配置 hosts 文件

主庫(kù)：

##節(jié)點(diǎn)一
#dg
cat<<EOF>>/etc/hosts
10.211.55.110 luciferdg
EOF

##節(jié)點(diǎn)二
#dg
cat<<EOF>>/etc/hosts
10.211.55.110 luciferdg
EOF

備庫(kù)：

##dg
cat<<EOF>>/etc/hosts
10.211.55.100 lucifer01
10.211.55.101 lucifer02
10.211.55.105 lucifer-scan
EOF

2、配置 TNS

主庫(kù)+備庫(kù)，在 root 用戶下執(zhí)行：

##tnsnames.ora
su - oracle -c "cat <<EOF >> /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
##FOR DG BEGIN
ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = lucifer-scan)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

ORCL1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = lucifer01)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

ORCL2 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = lucifer02)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )
ORCLDG =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = luciferdg)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )
##FOR DG BEGIN
EOF"

3、主庫(kù)開(kāi)啟歸檔和強(qiáng)制日志

開(kāi)啟歸檔模式（需要停機(jī)）：

srvctl stop database -d orcl -o immediate
srvctl start instance -d orcl -i orcl1 -o mount
alter database archivelog;
alter database open;
srvctl start instance -d orcl -i oorcl2

開(kāi)啟強(qiáng)制日志模式（可在線開(kāi)啟）：

alter database force logging;

4、復(fù)制參數(shù)文件和密碼文件至備庫(kù)

復(fù)制參數(shù)文件至備庫(kù)（備庫(kù)執(zhí)行），要在 oracle 用戶下復(fù)制：

su - oracle
scp oracle@lucifer01:/tmp/initorcldg.ora /tmp

備庫(kù)創(chuàng)建目錄：

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
su - oracle -c "mkdir -p /oradata/orcl/datafile"
su - oracle -c "mkdir -p /oradata/orcl/onlinelog"
su - oracle -c "mkdir -p /oradata/orcl/tempfile"
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

備庫(kù)修改參數(shù)文件：

*._optimizer_cartesian_enabled=FALSE
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='NONE'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.control_files='/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_create_file_dest='/oradata/orcl'
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=5501878272
*.deferred_segment_creation=FALSE
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.event='10949 trace name context forever:28401 trace name context forever,level 1:10849 trace name context forever, level 1:19823 trace name context forever, level 90'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=196083712
*.processes=150
*.result_cache_max_size=0
*.sga_target=784334848
*.db_unique_name='orcldg'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(ORCLDG,ORCL)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/archivelog valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=ORCLDG'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=orcl async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=ORCL'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.log_archive_max_processes=4
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.fal_server='ORCL'
*.fal_client='ORCLDG'
*.db_file_name_convert='+DATA','/oradata'
*.log_file_name_convert='+DATA','/oradata'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

復(fù)制密碼文件至備庫(kù)（備庫(kù)執(zhí)行），要在 oracle 用戶下復(fù)制：

su - oracle
scp oracle@lucifer01:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/orapworcl1 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/orapworcl

5、主庫(kù)添加 stanby log 文件

set pagesize100
set line222
col member for a60
select * from v$logfile;
select * from v$log;

📢 注意：

stanby log 日志大小與 redo log 日志保持一致
stanby log 數(shù)量： standby logfile=(1+logfile組數(shù))*thread=(1+3)*1=4 組,需要加 4 組 standby logfile
thread 要與 redo log 保持一致，如果是 rac，需要增加多個(gè) thread 對(duì)應(yīng)的 standby log

ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE thread 1 
group 5 ('+DATA') SIZE 120M,
group 6 ('+DATA') SIZE 120M,
group 7 ('+DATA') SIZE 120M;

ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE thread 2
group 8 ('+DATA') SIZE 120M,
group 9 ('+DATA') SIZE 120M,
group 10 ('+DATA') SIZE 120M;

select * from v$standby_log;

6、備庫(kù)開(kāi)啟到 nomount 狀態(tài)

startup nomount pfile='/tmp/initorcldg.ora';

3、RMAN DUPLICATE

rman 恢復(fù)備庫(kù)：

rman target sys/oracle@orcl1 AUXILIARY sys/oracle@orcldg
 
run {
allocate channel prmy1 type disk;
allocate channel prmy2 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux1 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux2 type disk;
DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE FOR STANDBY FROM ACTIVE DATABASE DORECOVER NOFILENAMECHECK;
}

主庫(kù)設(shè)置 ADG 參數(shù)：

ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(ORCL,ORCLDG)';
ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=+DATA VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORCL';
ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=orcldg LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORCLDG';
ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT='%t_%s_%r.arc' SCOPE=SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=4;
ALTER SYSTEM SET REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE SCOPE=SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET FAL_SERVER=ORCLDG;
ALTER SYSTEM SET FAL_CLIENT=ORCL;
ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/oradata','+DATA' SCOPE=SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/oradata','+DATA'  SCOPE=SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO;

4、備庫(kù)開(kāi)啟日志應(yīng)用

-- 首先開(kāi)啟備庫(kù)至只讀狀態(tài)
alter database open read only;
-- 開(kāi)啟主備同步進(jìn)程
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
-- 檢查備庫(kù)角色
select database_role,open_mode from v$database;
   
DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
---------------- --------------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY WITH APPLY
-- 檢查保護(hù)模式，最大性能
SQL> SELECT protection_mode FROM v$database;
 
PROTECTION_MODE
--------------------
MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE

5、主庫(kù)開(kāi)啟 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2

確認(rèn)主備之前沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，主庫(kù)開(kāi)啟同步：

ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE;

寫(xiě)在最后

ADG 的搭建過(guò)程比較簡(jiǎn)單，有很多朋友經(jīng)常問(wèn)，單機(jī)到單機(jī)，RAC 到單機(jī)，RAC到RAC的教程。其實(shí)，這幾種搭建方式差別不大，只需要修改一些參數(shù)即可！

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【原】Oracle 11G ADG 搭建 RAC to Single 詳細(xì)教程（RMAN DUPLICATE）

前言

一、環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備

二、搭建過(guò)程

1、Oracle軟件安裝

2、環(huán)境配置

3、RMAN DUPLICATE