區(qū)別OpenId: Authentication :認(rèn)證
OpenID當(dāng)你需要訪問A網(wǎng)站的時候,A網(wǎng)站要求你輸入你的OpenId,即可跳轉(zhuǎn)到你的OpenId服務(wù)網(wǎng)站,輸入用戶名和密碼之后,再調(diào)回A網(wǎng)站,則認(rèn)證成功。 OAuth2.0OAuth是一個關(guān)于授權(quán)的開放網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議,允許用戶讓第三方應(yīng)用訪問該用戶在在某一網(wǎng)站上的資源,而無需提供用戶名和密碼給第三方。
OpenID --(OpenID Connect) 簡稱OIDCOpenID Connect是OpenID的升級版,簡稱OIDC,是2014年初發(fā)布的開放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),定義了一種基于OAuth2的可互操作的方式來來提供用戶身份認(rèn)證。在OIDC中,應(yīng)用程序不必再為每個客戶端構(gòu)建不同的協(xié)議,而是可以將一個協(xié)議提供給多個客戶端,它還使用了JOSN簽名和加密規(guī)范,用來在傳遞攜帶簽名和加密的信息,并使用簡單的REST/JSON消息流來實現(xiàn),和之前任何一種身份認(rèn)證協(xié)議相比,開發(fā)者都可以輕松的集成。簡單說 OIDC是在OAuth2.0之上的一個擴展 ID Tokens IdentityServer4現(xiàn)在的應(yīng)用開發(fā)層出不窮,基于瀏覽器的網(wǎng)頁應(yīng)用,基于微信的公眾號、小程序,基于IOS、Android的App,基于Windows系統(tǒng)的桌面應(yīng)用和UWP應(yīng)用等等,這么多種類的應(yīng)用,就給應(yīng)用的開發(fā)帶來的挑戰(zhàn),我們除了分別實現(xiàn)各個應(yīng)用外,我們還要考慮各個應(yīng)用之間的交互,通用模塊的提煉,其中身份的認(rèn)證和授權(quán)就是每個應(yīng)用必不可少的的一部分。而現(xiàn)在的互聯(lián)網(wǎng),對于信息安全要求又十分苛刻,所以一套統(tǒng)一的身份認(rèn)證和授權(quán)就至關(guān)重要。
JwtBearer 認(rèn)證
Bearer認(rèn)證(也叫做令牌認(rèn)證)是一種HTTP認(rèn)證方案,其中包含的安全令牌的叫做Bearer Token。因此Bearer認(rèn)證的核心是Token。那如何確保Token的安全是重中之重。一種方式是使用Https,另一種方式就是對Token進(jìn)行加密簽名。而JWT就是一種比較流行的Token編碼方式。 JWT(Json Web Token)
JWT有三部分組成:
Header:由alg和typ組成,alg是algorithm的縮寫,typ是type的縮寫,指定token的類型。該部分使用Base64Url編碼。 ASP.NET授權(quán)認(rèn)證(OWIN、Katana)ASP.NET現(xiàn)有的的asp.net是成熟且功能豐富的運行時和開發(fā)人員編程模型,同時這個框架已整體式,各種不同邏輯的功能單元都緊密耦合在System.web.dll程序集中。作為更大的.NET Framework更新周期基本以年為單位。開發(fā)團隊采用了幾個進(jìn)化步驟將ASP.NET作為可插入的一系列組件而不是單一框架。
OWINOWIN定義了.NET Web服務(wù)器和Web應(yīng)用程序之間的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口。OWIN接口的目標(biāo)是分離服務(wù)器和應(yīng)用程序。 Katana用于Microsoft服務(wù)器和框架的OWIN實現(xiàn) 優(yōu)勢
結(jié)構(gòu)
Owin OAuth代碼實現(xiàn) ///啟動配置 public class Startup { public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app) { //授權(quán)認(rèn)證 ConfigAuth(app, container); app.UseWebApi(config); } private void ConfigAuth(IAppBuilder app,IContainer container) { app.CreatePerOwinContext(()=> PatternDbContext.Create()); app.CreatePerOwinContext<ApplicationRoleManagers>(CreateRoleManager); app.CreatePerOwinContext<ApplicationUserManagers>(CreateUserManager); OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions option = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions() { AllowInsecureHttp = true, AuthenticationMode = AuthenticationMode.Active, TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/token"),//獲取 access_token 授權(quán)服務(wù)請求地址 AuthorizeEndpointPath = new PathString("/authorize"), //獲取 authorization_code 授權(quán)服務(wù)請求地址 AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromDays(1), Provider = new OpenAuthorizationServerProvider(), //access_token 相關(guān)授權(quán)服務(wù) AuthorizationCodeProvider = new OpenAuthorizationCodeProvider(), //authorization_code 授權(quán)服務(wù) //RefreshTokenProvider = new OpenRefreshTokenProvider() ,//refresh_token 授權(quán)服務(wù) AccessTokenProvider = new OpenAccessTokenProvider() }; //啟用授權(quán)服務(wù)器,產(chǎn)生token app.UseOAuthAuthorizationServer(option); //啟用授權(quán)認(rèn)證 app.UseOAuthBearerAuthentication(new OAuthBearerAuthenticationOptions()); } } public class OpenAuthorizationServerProvider:OAuthAuthorizationServerProvider { /// <summary> /// 用戶名密碼授權(quán)處理 /// </summary> /// <param name="context"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override async Task GrantResourceOwnerCredentials(OAuthGrantResourceOwnerCredentialsContext context) { var userManager = context.OwinContext.GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManagers>(); var roleManager = context.OwinContext.GetUserManager<ApplicationRoleManagers>(); context.OwinContext.Response.Headers.Add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", new[] { "*" }); //查詢用戶是否存在 var userModel = new UserModel() { UserName = context.UserName, Password = context.Password }; var user = await userManager.FindAsync(userModel.UserName,userModel.Password); if (user==null) { context.SetError("invalid_grant", "The user name or password is incorrect"); return; } var IpAddress = context.Request.RemoteIpAddress; var db = context.OwinContext.Get<PatternDbContext>(); var result = db.Set<DeviceAddress>().FirstOrDefault(d => d.Address == IpAddress); if (result == null) { context.SetError("invalid_client", IpAddress + "client is not valid"); return; } //查詢用戶角色 var roles = await userManager.GetRolesAsync(user.Id); //組裝用戶權(quán)限等聲明信息 var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(context.Options.AuthenticationType); identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, context.UserName)); identity.AddClaim(new Claim("userName", context.UserName)); foreach (var role in roles) { var roleTemp = await roleManager.FindByNameAsync(role);//獲取角色對應(yīng)的權(quán)限 foreach (var permission in roleTemp.Permissions) { identity.AddClaim(new Claim("Permission", permission.Info)); } identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role, role)); } //額外顯示屬性 var props = new AuthenticationProperties(new Dictionary<string, string> { //{"as:client_id",context.ClientId??string.Empty }, {"userName",context.UserName }, {"userId",user.Id } }); var ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(identity, props); //校驗生成token context.Validated(ticket); } } ///自定義授權(quán) public class MyAuthorizeAttribute:AuthorizeAttribute { protected override bool IsAuthorized(HttpActionContext actionContext) { //獲取用戶對象 IPrincipal principal = actionContext.ControllerContext.RequestContext.Principal; if (principal == null) { var token = actionContext.Request.Headers.Authorization.Parameter; using (PatternDbContext db=new PatternDbContext()) { var tokenStr = db.LoginStates.FirstOrDefault(t => t.TokenStr == token); if (tokenStr != null) { tokenStr.IsOnline = false; tokenStr.LogoutDate = DateTime.Now; db.SaveChanges(); } } return false; } //獲取權(quán)限聲明 var claims = (principal.Identity as ClaimsIdentity).Claims.Where(d=>d.Type=="Permission").Select(d=>d.Value); if (claims != null) { if((Permission!=null)&&! claims.Contains(Permission,StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { return false; } } else { return false; } return base.IsAuthorized(actionContext); } } ASP.NET CORE授權(quán)認(rèn)證(IdentityServer4)認(rèn)證服務(wù)器//注冊認(rèn)證服務(wù)器 services.AddIdentityServer() .AddDeveloperSigningCredential() .AddMongoRepository() //.AddMongoDbForAspIdentity<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole>(Configuration) .AddClients() .AddPersistedGrants() .AddIdentityApiResources() .AddAspNetIdentity<ApplicationUser>() .AddResourceOwnerValidator<CustomResourceOwnerPasswordValidtor<ApplicationUser,ApplicationRole>>() .AddProfileService<CusromProfileService<ApplicationUser>>() .AddCorsPolicyService< CorsPolicyService>() ; 資源服務(wù)//添加認(rèn)證 services.AddAuthentication(opt => { opt.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme; opt.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme; }) .AddCookie("Cookies") .AddJwtBearer("Bearer", options => { options.TokenValidationParameters = new Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.TokenValidationParameters { IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("secret")), ValidateLifetime = true, }; var configUrl = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile("host.json", false, true).Build()["urls"]; //var url = Configuration["urls"]; options.Authority = configUrl; options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false; options.Audience = "KnowBaseApi"; }); MVC客戶端services.AddAuthentication(options => { options.DefaultScheme = "Cookies"; options.DefaultChallengeScheme = "oidc"; }) .AddCookie("Cookies",opt=> { opt.LoginPath = "/Login"; }) .AddOpenIdConnect("oidc", options => { options.SignInScheme = "Cookies"; options.Authority = "http://10.53.28.168:5010"; options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false; options.CallbackPath = "/home"; options.ClientId = "AntennaKnowbaseApi"; options.ClientSecret = "secret"; options.ResponseType = "code id_token"; options.SaveTokens = true; options.GetClaimsFromUserInfoEndpoint = true; options.Scope.Add("api1"); options.Scope.Add("offline_access"); options.Scope.Add("profile"); //options.ClaimActions.MapJsonKey("website", "website"); }); |
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