在使用Python的過程中,我最喜歡的就是Python的各種第三方庫,能夠完成很多操作。 下面就給大家介紹22個通過Python構(gòu)建的項(xiàng)目,以此來學(xué)習(xí)Python編程。 大家也可根據(jù)項(xiàng)目的目的及提示,自己構(gòu)建解決方法,提高編程水平。 ① 骰子模擬器 目的:創(chuàng)建一個程序來模擬擲骰子。 提示:當(dāng)用戶詢問時,使用random模塊生成一個1到6之間的數(shù)字。

② 石頭剪刀布游戲 目標(biāo):創(chuàng)建一個命令行游戲,游戲者可以在石頭、剪刀和布之間進(jìn)行選擇,與計算機(jī)PK。如果游戲者贏了,得分就會添加,直到結(jié)束游戲時,最終的分?jǐn)?shù)會展示給游戲者。 提示:接收游戲者的選擇,并且與計算機(jī)的選擇進(jìn)行比較。計算機(jī)的選擇是從選擇列表中隨機(jī)選取的。如果游戲者獲勝,則增加1分。 import random choices = ['Rock', 'Paper', 'Scissors'] computer = random.choice(choices) player = False cpu_score = 0 player_score = 0 while True: player = input('Rock, Paper or Scissors?').capitalize() # 判斷游戲者和電腦的選擇 if player == computer: print('Tie!') elif player == 'Rock': if computer == 'Paper': print('You lose!', computer, 'covers', player) cpu_score+=1 else: print('You win!', player, 'smashes', computer) player_score+=1 elif player == 'Paper': if computer == 'Scissors': print('You lose!', computer, 'cut', player) cpu_score+=1 else: print('You win!', player, 'covers', computer) player_score+=1 elif player == 'Scissors': if computer == 'Rock': print('You lose...', computer, 'smashes', player) cpu_score+=1 else: print('You win!', player, 'cut', computer) player_score+=1 elif player=='E': print('Final Scores:') print(f'CPU:{cpu_score}') print(f'Plaer:{player_score}') break else: print('That's not a valid play. Check your spelling!') computer = random.choice(choices)
③ 隨機(jī)密碼生成器 目標(biāo):創(chuàng)建一個程序,可指定密碼長度,生成一串隨機(jī)密碼。 提示:創(chuàng)建一個數(shù)字+大寫字母+小寫字母+特殊字符的字符串。根據(jù)設(shè)定的密碼長度隨機(jī)生成一串密碼。 
④ 句子生成器 目的:通過用戶提供的輸入,來生成隨機(jī)且唯一的句子。 提示:以用戶輸入的名詞、代詞、形容詞等作為輸入,然后將所有數(shù)據(jù)添加到句子中,并將其組合返回。 
⑤ 猜數(shù)字游戲 目的:在這個游戲中,任務(wù)是創(chuàng)建一個腳本,能夠在一個范圍內(nèi)生成一個隨機(jī)數(shù)。如果用戶在三次機(jī)會中猜對了數(shù)字,那么用戶贏得游戲,否則用戶輸。 提示:生成一個隨機(jī)數(shù),然后使用循環(huán)給用戶三次猜測機(jī)會,根據(jù)用戶的猜測打印最終的結(jié)果。 
⑥ 故事生成器 目的:每次用戶運(yùn)行程序時,都會生成一個隨機(jī)的故事。 提示:random模塊可以用來選擇故事的隨機(jī)部分,內(nèi)容來自每個列表里。 
⑦ 郵件地址切片器 目的:編寫一個Python腳本,可以從郵件地址中獲取用戶名和域名。 提示:使用@作為分隔符,將地址分為分為兩個字符串。 
⑧ 自動發(fā)送郵件 目的:編寫一個Python腳本,可以使用這個腳本發(fā)送電子郵件。 提示:email庫可用于發(fā)送電子郵件。 import smtplib from email.message import EmailMessage email = EmailMessage() ## Creating a object for EmailMessage email['from'] = 'xyz name' ## Person who is sending email['to'] = 'xyz id' ## Whom we are sending email['subject'] = 'xyz subject' ## Subject of email email.set_content('Xyz content of email') ## content of email with smtlib.SMTP(host='smtp.gmail.com',port=587)as smtp: ## sending request to server smtp.ehlo() ## server object smtp.starttls() ## used to send data between server and client smtp.login('email_id','Password') ## login id and password of gmail smtp.send_message(email) ## Sending email print('email send') ## Printing success message
⑨ 縮寫詞 目的:編寫一個Python腳本,從給定的句子生成一個縮寫詞。 提示:你可以通過拆分和索引來獲取第一個單詞,然后將其組合。 
⑩ 文字冒險游戲 目的:編寫一個有趣的Python腳本,通過為路徑選擇不同的選項(xiàng)讓用戶進(jìn)行有趣的冒險。 
? Hangman 目的:創(chuàng)建一個簡單的命令行hangman游戲。 提示:創(chuàng)建一個密碼詞的列表并隨機(jī)選擇一個單詞。現(xiàn)在將每個單詞用下劃線“_”表示,給用戶提供猜單詞的機(jī)會,如果用戶猜對了單詞,則將“_”用單詞替換。 import time import random name = input('What is your name? ') print ('Hello, ' + name, 'Time to play hangman!') time.sleep(1) print ('Start guessing...\n') time.sleep(0.5) ## A List Of Secret Words words = ['python','programming','treasure','creative','medium','horror'] word = random.choice(words) guesses = '' turns = 5 while turns > 0: failed = 0 for char in word: if char in guesses: print (char,end='') else: print ('_',end=''), failed += 1 if failed == 0: print ('\nYou won') break guess = input('\nguess a character:') guesses += guess if guess not in word: turns -= 1 print('\nWrong') print('\nYou have', + turns, 'more guesses') if turns == 0: print ('\nYou Lose')
? 鬧鐘 目的:編寫一個創(chuàng)建鬧鐘的Python腳本。 提示:你可以使用date-time模塊創(chuàng)建鬧鐘,以及playsound庫播放聲音。 from datetime import datetime from playsound import playsound alarm_time = input('Enter the time of alarm to be set:HH:MM:SS\n') alarm_hour=alarm_time[0:2] alarm_minute=alarm_time[3:5] alarm_seconds=alarm_time[6:8] alarm_period = alarm_time[9:11].upper() print('Setting up alarm..') while True: now = datetime.now() current_hour = now.strftime('%I') current_minute = now.strftime('%M') current_seconds = now.strftime('%S') current_period = now.strftime('%p') if(alarm_period==current_period): if(alarm_hour==current_hour): if(alarm_minute==current_minute): if(alarm_seconds==current_seconds): print('Wake Up!') playsound('audio.mp3') ## download the alarm sound from link break
? 有聲讀物 目的:編寫一個Python腳本,用于將Pdf文件轉(zhuǎn)換為有聲讀物。 提示:借助pyttsx3庫將文本轉(zhuǎn)換為語音。 安裝:pyttsx3,PyPDF2 
? 天氣應(yīng)用 目的:編寫一個Python腳本,接收城市名稱并使用爬蟲獲取該城市的天氣信息。 提示:你可以使用Beautifulsoup和requests庫直接從谷歌主頁爬取數(shù)據(jù)。 安裝:requests,BeautifulSoup from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import requests headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.3'}
def weather(city): city=city.replace(' ','+') res = requests.get(f'https://www.google.com/search?q={city}&oq={city}&aqs=chrome.0.35i39l2j0l4j46j69i60.6128j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8',headers=headers) print('Searching in google......\n') soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') location = soup.select('#wob_loc')[0].getText().strip() time = soup.select('#wob_dts')[0].getText().strip() info = soup.select('#wob_dc')[0].getText().strip() weather = soup.select('#wob_tm')[0].getText().strip() print(location) print(time) print(info) print(weather+'°C')
print('enter the city name') city=input() city=city+' weather' weather(city)
? 人臉檢測 目的:編寫一個Python腳本,可以檢測圖像中的人臉,并將所有的人臉保存在一個文件夾中。 提示:可以使用haar級聯(lián)分類器對人臉進(jìn)行檢測。它返回的人臉坐標(biāo)信息,可以保存在一個文件中。 安裝:OpenCV。 下載:haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml
https://raw./opencv/opencv/master/data/haarcascades/haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml import cv2 # Load the cascade face_cascade = cv2.CascadeClassifier('haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml') # Read the input image img = cv2.imread('images/img0.jpg') # Convert into grayscale gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY) # Detect faces faces = face_cascade.detectMultiScale(gray, 1.3, 4) # Draw rectangle around the faces for (x, y, w, h) in faces: cv2.rectangle(img, (x, y), (x+w, y+h), (255, 0, 0), 2) crop_face = img[y:y + h, x:x + w] cv2.imwrite(str(w) + str(h) + '_faces.jpg', crop_face) # Display the output cv2.imshow('img', img) cv2.imshow('imgcropped',crop_face) cv2.waitKey()
? 提醒應(yīng)用 目的:創(chuàng)建一個提醒應(yīng)用程序,在特定的時間提醒你做一些事情(桌面通知)。 提示:Time模塊可以用來跟蹤提醒時間,toastnotifier庫可以用來顯示桌面通知。 安裝:win10toast from win10toast import ToastNotifier import time toaster = ToastNotifier() try: print('Title of reminder') header = input() print('Message of reminder') text = input() print('In how many minutes?') time_min = input() time_min=float(time_min) except: header = input('Title of reminder\n') text = input('Message of remindar\n') time_min=float(input('In how many minutes?\n')) time_min = time_min * 60 print('Setting up reminder..') time.sleep(2) print('all set!') time.sleep(time_min) toaster.show_toast(f'{header}', f'{text}', duration=10, threaded=True) while toaster.notification_active(): time.sleep(0.005)
? 維基百科文章摘要 目的:使用一種簡單的方法從用戶提供的文章鏈接中生成摘要。 提示:你可以使用爬蟲獲取文章數(shù)據(jù),通過提取生成摘要。 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import re import requests import heapq from nltk.tokenize import sent_tokenize,word_tokenize from nltk.corpus import stopwords
url = str(input('Paste the url'\n')) num = int(input('Enter the Number of Sentence you want in the summary')) num = int(num) headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.3'} #url = str(input('Paste the url.......')) res = requests.get(url,headers=headers) summary = '' soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') content = soup.findAll('p') for text in content: summary +=text.text def clean(text): text = re.sub(r'\[[0-9]*\]',' ',text) text = text.lower() text = re.sub(r'\s+',' ',text) text = re.sub(r',',' ',text) return text summary = clean(summary)
print('Getting the data......\n')
##Tokenixing sent_tokens = sent_tokenize(summary)
summary = re.sub(r'[^a-zA-z]',' ',summary) word_tokens = word_tokenize(summary) ## Removing Stop words
word_frequency = {} stopwords = set(stopwords.words('english'))
for word in word_tokens: if word not in stopwords: if word not in word_frequency.keys(): word_frequency[word]=1 else: word_frequency[word] +=1 maximum_frequency = max(word_frequency.values()) print(maximum_frequency) for word in word_frequency.keys(): word_frequency[word] = (word_frequency[word]/maximum_frequency) print(word_frequency) sentences_score = {} for sentence in sent_tokens: for word in word_tokenize(sentence): if word in word_frequency.keys(): if (len(sentence.split(' '))) <30: if sentence not in sentences_score.keys(): sentences_score[sentence] = word_frequency[word] else: sentences_score[sentence] += word_frequency[word]
print(max(sentences_score.values())) def get_key(val): for key, value in sentences_score.items(): if val == value: return key key = get_key(max(sentences_score.values())) print(key+'\n') print(sentences_score) summary = heapq.nlargest(num,sentences_score,key=sentences_score.get) print(' '.join(summary)) summary = ' '.join(summary)
? 獲取谷歌搜索結(jié)果 目的:創(chuàng)建一個腳本,可以根據(jù)查詢條件從谷歌搜索獲取數(shù)據(jù)。 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import requests
headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.3'} def google(query): query = query.replace(' ','+') try: url = f'https://www.google.com/search?q={query}&oq={query}&aqs=chrome..69i57j46j69i59j35i39j0j46j0l2.4948j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8' res = requests.get(url,headers=headers) soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') except: print('Make sure you have a internet connection') try: try: ans = soup.select('.RqBzHd')[0].getText().strip()
except: try: title=soup.select('.AZCkJd')[0].getText().strip() try: ans=soup.select('.e24Kjd')[0].getText().strip() except: ans='' ans=f'{title}\n{ans}'
except: try: ans=soup.select('.hgKElc')[0].getText().strip() except: ans=soup.select('.kno-rdesc span')[0].getText().strip()
except: ans = 'can't find on google' return ans
result = google(str(input('Query\n'))) print(result)
獲取結(jié)果如下。 ? 貨幣換算器 目的:編寫一個Python腳本,可以將一種貨幣轉(zhuǎn)換為其他用戶選擇的貨幣。 提示:使用Python中的API,或者通過forex-python模塊來獲取實(shí)時的貨幣匯率。 安裝:forex-python

? 鍵盤記錄器 目的:編寫一個Python腳本,將用戶按下的所有鍵保存在一個文本文件中。 提示:pynput是Python中的一個庫,用于控制鍵盤和鼠標(biāo)的移動,它也可以用于制作鍵盤記錄器。簡單地讀取用戶按下的鍵,并在一定數(shù)量的鍵后將它們保存在一個文本文件中。 from pynput.keyboard import Key, Controller,Listener import time keyboard = Controller()
keys=[] def on_press(key): global keys #keys.append(str(key).replace(''','')) string = str(key).replace(''','') keys.append(string) main_string = ''.join(keys) print(main_string) if len(main_string)>15: with open('keys.txt', 'a') as f: f.write(main_string) keys= [] def on_release(key): if key == Key.esc: return False
with listener(on_press=on_press,on_release=on_release) as listener: listener.join()
? 文章朗讀器 目的:編寫一個Python腳本,自動從提供的鏈接讀取文章。 import pyttsx3 import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup url = str(input('Paste article url\n'))
def content(url): res = requests.get(url) soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') articles = [] for i in range(len(soup.select('.p'))): article = soup.select('.p')[i].getText().strip() articles.append(article) contents = ' '.join(articles) return contents engine = pyttsx3.init('sapi5') voices = engine.getProperty('voices') engine.setProperty('voice', voices[0].id)
def speak(audio): engine.say(audio) engine.runAndWait()
contents = content(url) ## print(contents) ## In case you want to see the content
#engine.save_to_file #engine.runAndWait() ## In case if you want to save the article as a audio file
? 短網(wǎng)址生成器 目的:編寫一個Python腳本,使用API縮短給定的URL。 from __future__ import with_statement import contextlib try: from urllib.parse import urlencode except ImportError: from urllib import urlencode try: from urllib.request import urlopen except ImportError: from urllib2 import urlopen import sys
def make_tiny(url): request_url = ('http:///api-create.php?' + urlencode({'url':url})) with contextlib.closing(urlopen(request_url)) as response: return response.read().decode('utf-8')
def main(): for tinyurl in map(make_tiny, sys.argv[1:]): print(tinyurl)
if __name__ == '__main__': main() -----------------------------OUTPUT------------------------ python url_shortener.py https://www./ https:///buf3qt3
以上就是今天分享的內(nèi)容,針對上面這些項(xiàng)目,有的可以適當(dāng)調(diào)整。
比如自動發(fā)送郵件,可以選擇使用自己的QQ郵箱。 天氣信息也可使用國內(nèi)一些免費(fèi)的API,維基百科可以對應(yīng)百度百科,谷歌搜索可以對應(yīng)百度搜索等等。 這些都是大伙可以思考的~
|