This is all of the trash that I've produced in the past 3 years.

這是過(guò)去三年我制造的所有垃圾。

When I say that, people think that I'm crazy, or that I'm lying, or they'll ask me questions like:

每當(dāng)我這么說(shuō)時(shí)，人們總是覺(jué)得我瘋了，或認(rèn)為我在說(shuō)謊，或是他們會(huì)問(wèn)我些問(wèn)題，像是：

'Hey. So, how do you wipe your butt?'

「嘿，所以?shī)吺窃趺床疗ü傻?？?/p>

I live a zero waste lifestyle, and I have for the past 3 years. Now, zero waste, that's a pretty big idea. Right?

我過(guò)著零廢棄生活，而且已經(jīng)持續(xù)了三年之久。零廢棄，這聽(tīng)起來(lái)很籠統(tǒng)。

So let me define it for you. To me living zero waste means that I don't make any trash.

讓我來(lái)解釋給你聽(tīng)。對(duì)我而言，零廢棄代表我不制造任何垃圾。

So no sending anything to landfill, no sending anything in a garbage can, and no spitting gum on the ground, and walking away. Right? No trash.

不送任何東西到掩埋場(chǎng)、不丟東西進(jìn)垃圾桶、不隨地亂吐口香糖。不制造垃圾。

This is a big concept, and this all started when I was an environmental study student at NYU.

這是一個(gè)很革命性的想法，一切都要從我還在紐約大學(xué)就讀環(huán)境科學(xué)時(shí)說(shuō)起。

My senior year, I was taking a course called: 'The Environmental Studies Capstone course',

我大四時(shí)，我修了一堂課叫做：「環(huán)境科學(xué)總整課程」

which is the culminating course that all environmental study students need to take in order to go out into the world, and make it a more sustainable place.

這是一堂畢業(yè)必修課，所有環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)生都要參加以習(xí)得實(shí)務(wù)能力，并讓這世界更具永續(xù)性。

Well, there was a girl in this class, and every class she would have this big plastic bag, with a plastic clamshell full of food, a plastic fork and knife, a plastic water bottle,

可是呢，在我班上有個(gè)女生她每堂課都會(huì)帶著一個(gè)大塑料袋，里面有裝滿(mǎn)食物的塑料盒、塑料刀叉、塑料水瓶

and a plastic bag a chips, and she would eat all of this, and then class after class, would just throw it in the trash.

及一包塑料袋裝的洋芋片。她會(huì)將食物全吃光，然后每次上完課，剩下的垃圾就被她丟進(jìn)垃圾桶里。

This was really frustrating, because here we were these environmental study students trying to make the world a better place, and there she was, throwing all this stuff into the garbage.

這極令人挫折，因?yàn)槲覀兪且蝗涵h(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)生，為了讓世界變得更好而努力，然而她卻毫不在乎地制造大量垃圾。

One day after class, feeling still particularly upset about watching her throw everything away, I went home to make dinner, and I opened my fridge, and noticed something that I had never seen before.

有一天放學(xué)后，我?guī)е荒苷J(rèn)同她制造大量垃圾的煩躁心情，回家準(zhǔn)備做晚餐，當(dāng)我打開(kāi)冰箱，我發(fā)現(xiàn)到一些我從沒(méi)注意到的事情。

Every single thing in my fridge was in one way or another packaged in plastic, and I couldn't believe it.

在我冰箱里的每一個(gè)東西都是塑料包裝，我簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信。

You know I was getting so mad at this girl for making so much plastic trash, and it turns out that I was just as bad.

我對(duì)那個(gè)女生制造那么多塑料垃圾感到氣憤，但到頭來(lái)卻發(fā)現(xiàn)我和她一樣糟糕。

I was that girl, and so I made a decision in that moment. I was going to stop using plastic. Well, quitting plastic --

我就跟那個(gè)女生一樣。因此，當(dāng)下我做了個(gè)決定。我要拒用塑料制品。嗯……拒用塑料制品……

not so easy of a thing. Right? When you think about your everyday life, when you wake up in the morning, go into the bathroom, and you brush your teeth.

這并不簡(jiǎn)單，對(duì)吧？你仔細(xì)想想你每天的生活，當(dāng)你早上醒來(lái)，進(jìn)去浴室，刷牙──

What is your toothbrush made out of? Plastic. LS: Plastic. What is your toothpaste probably packaged in? Plastic.

你的牙刷是用什么做的？塑料。塑料。你的牙膏是用什么包裝的？塑料。

LS: Your face wash, your moisturizer, your contact solution.

你的洗面奶、乳液、隱形眼鏡藥水……

So many things that are in our everyday lives come packaged in plastic, and so I realized that if I was going to move away from plastic, the only way that I was going to do that was to learn how to make my products myself.

太多我們生活中會(huì)用到的東西是塑料包裝，所以我認(rèn)知到，如果我要過(guò)個(gè)遠(yuǎn)離塑料的生活，只有一個(gè)辦法可行──我必須學(xué)會(huì)如何自制產(chǎn)品。

Well, I don't know about you, but I certainly didn't know how to make deodorant.

我不知道你會(huì)不會(huì)，但我那時(shí)還真不知道怎么做出除臭劑。

I didn't have the recipe just hanging out in my back pocket, and so I realized that I had to do some research,

我根本不知道配方，所以我發(fā)現(xiàn)我需要做點(diǎn)研究。

and while I was doing research online, I came across a blog called the 'Zero Waste Home' started by a woman named Bea Johnson who is a wife, and mother of 2 kids, out in Mill Valley, California, and the 4 of them live a completely zero waste life.

當(dāng)我在網(wǎng)上瀏覽數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，逛到一個(gè)部落格，叫做《零廢棄之家》，是由一位名為Bea Johnson的女士所創(chuàng)立。她和老公及兩位小孩住在加州的米爾谷，一家四口過(guò)著完全零廢棄的生活。

When I learned about Bea, and her family, my mind was completely blown.

當(dāng)我深入了解 Bea 和她家人的生活方式，我震撼不已。

I thought that I was doing the best thing for the planet by not using any plastic.

在那之前，我以為拒用任何塑料制品，就是愛(ài)地球的最佳方法。

But the idea that I didn't have to produce any trash, was so empowering, and so inspiring, and it made perfect sense. Right?

但不必制造任何垃圾的想法，更加令人信服與激勵(lì)人心，而且它聽(tīng)起來(lái)很合理。

Because I was this Environmental Studies student, I cared about the environment, studied sustainability, talked about sustainability, protested for sustainability.

因?yàn)槲沂且幻h(huán)境科學(xué)的學(xué)生，我關(guān)心環(huán)境、研究永續(xù)性、談?wù)撚览m(xù)性、為永續(xù)性抗?fàn)帯?/p>

But I realized, that I wasn't actually implementing any of those values into my day-to-day life, and so I made the decision to go zero waste.

但我發(fā)現(xiàn)，在我的日常生活中，并沒(méi)有實(shí)踐任何永續(xù)發(fā)展的價(jià)值。所以，我決定開(kāi)始我的零廢棄生活。

Let me break it down for you, and tell you some of the things that I did in order to make this transition a little easier.

讓我逐一說(shuō)明并分享我怎么做，好讓這整個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)變的過(guò)程更容易些。

The first thing that I did was I stopped buying packaged food.

第一件事：我開(kāi)始拒買(mǎi)包裝產(chǎn)品。

So instead of going to the store, and buying things packaged in paper, and glass, and plastic, I started bringing my own jars, and bags to the store to fill with bulk, or package-free items.

所以當(dāng)我去商店購(gòu)物時(shí)，我不再購(gòu)買(mǎi)用紙、玻璃或是塑料包裝的產(chǎn)品。我開(kāi)始自備罐裝容器、袋子去商店 盛裝大量或者是無(wú)包裝的產(chǎn)品。

I also started buying my fruit, and vegetables from the farmer's market.

我也開(kāi)始從農(nóng)夫市集采買(mǎi)蔬菜水果。

So, package-free. The second thing that I started doing was I started making all of my own products.

所以，也是無(wú)包裝。第二件事：我開(kāi)始制作屬于自己的產(chǎn)品。

Before I started living this lifestyle, my boyfriend at the time, used to brush his teeth using baking soda,

在我開(kāi)始這樣的生活前，我那時(shí)的男朋友都用小蘇打粉來(lái)刷牙。

and I thought he was probably the grossest person in the entire world. Right?

我那時(shí)候覺(jué)得他大概是全世界最?lèi)盒牡娜肆恕?/p>

There's no way that you can get your teeth clean using something like baking soda, it's gross.

因?yàn)槟悴豢赡苡眯√K打粉把牙刷干凈，這很惡心。

Well fast-forward, and it turns out that the first product that I made was toothpaste, made with baking soda.

可是呢，時(shí)光快轉(zhuǎn)，我的第一個(gè)自制產(chǎn)品卻是牙膏，用小蘇打粉做的牙膏。

So overtime I started making all of my own products. When I would run out of something, instead of going to the store,

從那時(shí)起，我開(kāi)始花很多時(shí)間自制產(chǎn)品。當(dāng)我發(fā)覺(jué)一個(gè)東西快用完了， 我不再到店里買(mǎi)新的，

and buying a new one, I would learn how to make it myself.

我開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)如何自制自足。

So when I would run out of lotion, I learned how to make it myself. Run out of deodorant, learn how to make it myself.

所以當(dāng)我乳液快用完，我就學(xué)自制乳液。除臭劑快用完，我就學(xué)自制除臭劑。

Over time, all of the things I had previously purchased, were now, ones that I made myself.

隨著時(shí)間過(guò)去，那些我習(xí)于購(gòu)買(mǎi)的商品我都開(kāi)始自己動(dòng)手做。

The third thing that I started doing, was shopping second-hand. So instead of buying new clothing, and putting new waste into the waste cycle,

第三件事：我開(kāi)始買(mǎi)二手貨。我不再買(mǎi)新衣服讓垃圾變得更多，

I would buy things that were totally recycled, second-hand. So not making any new trash.

我開(kāi)始購(gòu)買(mǎi)那些回收制品、二手物，所以不再制造任何新的垃圾。

The fourth thing that I did was I downsized.

第四件事：我開(kāi)始設(shè)法過(guò)個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的生活。

So I focused on having only the things that were truly necessary, and that I really needed. Well this was really, really hard because I'm the kind of person who's really sentimental,

我只保留住那些必需品，或我真正需要的東西。這真的非常非常困難，因?yàn)槲沂悄欠N非常感性的人──

and I can tell you as to why a toothpick needs to be in my life.

我可以很容易地找到理由說(shuō)明為什么我生活中需要有牙簽。

When you take better care of your things you don't have this mentality like:

當(dāng)你認(rèn)真對(duì)待你擁有的每樣?xùn)|西，你就不會(huì)有這樣的想法：

'If I don't want this anymore I'll just throw it out and I get a new thing later.'

「如果我不喜歡這東西了，我就把它丟了然后買(mǎi)新的。」

No, I only had a few things and so I took care of them, and wasn't sending anything to the landfill.

不，因?yàn)槲抑粨碛羞@些東西，我會(huì)小心呵護(hù)它們，而不會(huì)隨意將它們丟進(jìn)垃圾桶。

All this must sound pretty difficult. Right?

不過(guò)這聽(tīng)起來(lái)十分困難，對(duì)吧？

I assure you, it's not that hard. I'm just an average, lazy person, and I wouldn't live this lifestyle if it was difficult.

我向你保證，這并不難。我只是個(gè)平凡，又懶惰的人，所以如果這很難，我是不會(huì)過(guò)這樣的生活的。

In fact the benefits of living this lifestyle far outweigh any of the negatives that you can imagine.

事實(shí)上，這樣的生活方式所帶來(lái)的好處，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)你能想象到的任何缺點(diǎn)。

The first benefit is that I save money.

第一個(gè)好處是省錢(qián)。

So I save money when I buy my food, and the products, and when I make my own products, because I'm not paying for the embedded cost a packaging, so things are cheaper.

當(dāng)我買(mǎi)食物、商品，甚至是自己動(dòng)手做時(shí)，我省下了錢(qián)。因?yàn)槲也辉俑秲?nèi)含的包裝費(fèi)用，所以能以比較便宜的價(jià)錢(qián)買(mǎi)到。

I'm also saving money by shopping completely second-hand, because second-hand clothing is usually less expensive than new clothing.

另外，只買(mǎi)二手商品也讓我省下了錢(qián)。因?yàn)槎忠挛锿ǔ６急刃碌谋阋恕?/p>

I'm also saving money because I've downsized.

另外，過(guò)著簡(jiǎn)約的生活也讓我省下了錢(qián)。

I don't go shopping all the time now and you know just buy things on impulse.

我不再一天到晚逛街，然后沖動(dòng)購(gòu)物。

I only have what I really need. The second benefit is that I eat better.

我現(xiàn)在只買(mǎi)必需品。另一個(gè)好處是我開(kāi)始吃得健康。

When I go shopping now I don't have the option to buy processed food products, package-free, and so now my diet consists of things like fresh fruit and vegetables, or bulk greens, and nuts that I buy with my jars and my bags.

現(xiàn)在當(dāng)我上街購(gòu)物時(shí)，我不買(mǎi)加工食品，只買(mǎi)無(wú)包裝產(chǎn)品。因此飲食內(nèi)容是新鮮的水果和蔬菜，或是自備容器、袋子去買(mǎi)的大量葉菜類(lèi)或堅(jiān)果。

And so when you eat better, you feel better.

當(dāng)你吃得健康，你身體就越健康。

Over these past few years, I've noticed that my weight has stabilized, I have more energy, I need less sleep,

在過(guò)去這幾年，我注意到我的體重不再上下起伏我變得更有活力、也不再睡那么久。

and when you're eating better, and you feel better, and you save money, you're happier.

當(dāng)你吃得好、身體好，又省下錢(qián)，你就會(huì)更快樂(lè)。

But besides those things I'm happier, because for the first time in my life, I'm living in direct alignment with my values.

除此之外更讓我開(kāi)心的是，這是我有生之來(lái)第一次，活出了自我價(jià)值。

And why is this important? Right? Waste. Well, waste is a really big problem.

但廢棄物為什么重要？是的，廢棄物毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地是個(gè)大問(wèn)題。

In fact the average American person produces approximately 4.4 pounds of trash per person per day.

事實(shí)上，平均一位美國(guó)公民每天制造出大約4.4磅的垃圾。

Over the course of a year, that's like taking 8.5 of your best friends, and throwing them in the trash.

一年下來(lái)，這重量大概是你8.5位好朋友的體重總合，并將他們?nèi)縼G進(jìn)垃圾桶一樣。

Don't do that, it's not nice.

千萬(wàn)別這么做，這很糟糕。

So, if you care about your friends, and you don't throw them away, and you think that it's possible for you to reduce how much trash you're producing, I have 3 simple steps for you.

所以如果你在意你的朋友們，而且不希望將他們丟進(jìn)垃圾桶里，并且覺(jué)得減少目前的垃圾量對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是可行的話，我有三個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的小步驟給你參考。

The first step is to actually look at your trash, and understand what it is.

第一步是好好檢視你的垃圾，了解你都丟了些什么。

Because you can't solve a problem of having a lot of waste until you know what is it.

因?yàn)槟悴豢赡茉谕耆恢雷约簛G了什么之下，實(shí)施垃圾減量。

So when I did this exercise, I realized that I had 3 main sources of trash.

所以當(dāng)我檢視自己的垃圾時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的垃圾來(lái)源主要有3大類(lèi)。

The first was food packaging, and so I learned how to shop in bulk or package-free.

第一類(lèi)是食物的包裝材料，所以我開(kāi)始學(xué)會(huì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)大包裝或無(wú)包裝產(chǎn)品。

The second was product packaging, and so I learned how to make all of my own products.

第二類(lèi)是產(chǎn)品的包裝材料，所以我學(xué)會(huì)如何自制產(chǎn)品。

And the third was organic food waste, and so I learned how to compost.

第三類(lèi)是有機(jī)廚余，所以我學(xué)會(huì)如何堆肥。

And just by identifying those 3 sources of waste and eliminating them, I have reduced my trash by about 90%.

而我只是找出這三種垃圾來(lái)源，并且消滅它們，我就成功減少了將近九成的垃圾量。

The second thing that I'd like to suggest is picking at the low-hanging fruit.

第二件事我會(huì)建議你從生活小事改變起。

So doing little things, one-time changes in your everyday life that have a large-scale, and long-term positive impact.

當(dāng)你著手改變生活中的小細(xì)節(jié)，它會(huì)帶來(lái)大規(guī)模且長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的正面影響。

This includes things like using a reusable bag instead of a plastic or paper bag.

像是使用環(huán)保袋來(lái)取代塑料或紙袋，

Or using a stainless steel, or glass water bottle, instead of buying plastic water bottles.

或是使用不銹鋼、玻璃水瓶來(lái)取代塑料瓶裝水的購(gòu)買(mǎi)。

Over the course of however long, you realize that these little changes actually add up, and make a big difference.

在經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間后，你會(huì)開(kāi)始發(fā)現(xiàn)到這些細(xì)微的改變所帶來(lái)的影響累積起來(lái)，能造成很大的不同。

The third thing that I'd like to suggest is the DIY or actually learning how to make your products yourself.

第三件事我會(huì)建議你開(kāi)始DIY，或者說(shuō)是學(xué)著如何自制自足。

Now I absolutely love doing this because when you go to a store, and you have to buy products you kind of have to settle, and accept them as they are. Right?

現(xiàn)在，我非常喜歡自己動(dòng)手做。因?yàn)楫?dāng)你進(jìn)到一個(gè)店面，準(zhǔn)備挑選產(chǎn)品時(shí)，你有時(shí)必須妥協(xié)、接受產(chǎn)品的現(xiàn)狀，對(duì)吧？

If you don't like the way they smell, too bad. If you don't like the way they feel, sorry.

如果你不喜歡那產(chǎn)品的氣味，那可真不湊巧。如果你不喜歡那產(chǎn)品的觸感，那就抱歉啰。

If you don't like what they're packaged in, you don't have a choice.

如果你不喜歡那產(chǎn)品的包裝，你別無(wú)選擇。

But for me, since I make all my own products, If I don't like the way they smell, I change the scent.

但對(duì)我而言，因?yàn)槲叶甲约簞?dòng)手做，所以當(dāng)我不喜歡它的氣味，我就改變它。

If I don't like the ingredients in them, I change it. If I don't like the packaging, it's my choice.

當(dāng)我不喜歡它的成分，我就改變它。當(dāng)我不喜歡它的包裝，我有選擇的權(quán)利。

And so by making my own products I have complete control over what I'm putting in my body.

所以當(dāng)我開(kāi)始自制自足，我能完全掌控我吃進(jìn)了什么東西、用了什么。

Now I started living this lifestyle while I was still in college. And when I graduated, I had a real job,

我在大學(xué)時(shí)開(kāi)始這樣的生活方式，而當(dāng)我畢業(yè)后，我有了一份正式的工作，

a real-person job in sustainability, which is exactly what you'd think I'd want to be doing. Right?

一份真實(shí)為了永續(xù)發(fā)展奮斗的工作。你們會(huì)覺(jué)得這就是我想要做的，對(duì)吧？

Well, at the same time I was still running my blog: 'Trash is for tossers'

事實(shí)上，在那段時(shí)間我同時(shí)經(jīng)營(yíng)著部落格：《無(wú)用之人才制造垃圾》

and I noticed that I was getting a recurring question, and it went something like this:

因此，我注意到，我時(shí)常被問(wèn)到這樣的問(wèn)題，問(wèn)題的內(nèi)容大概像是這樣：

'Dear Lauren, I absolutely love the products that you're making, and I too want truly natural products.

「親愛(ài)的 Lauren，我非常喜歡你做的DIY產(chǎn)品，而且我也想要用純天然制品。

But because of life, family, friends, blah, blah, blah, blah, I just don't have time to make them myself.

但因?yàn)樯钛健⒓胰?、朋友等等等，我就是無(wú)法找出時(shí)間自己動(dòng)手做。

Do you have any product that I can buy that are equivalent? Thanks for your help. Lots of love. Person XYZ.'

你知道哪里可以買(mǎi)到類(lèi)似的商品嗎？非常感謝你的幫忙。祝一切安好。某人上」

So I went to stores, and I started looking at products, and while I found that they were beauty products

所以我開(kāi)始逛商店，開(kāi)始一一檢視商品，然而我發(fā)現(xiàn)在美妝產(chǎn)品上，

that were reminiscent of the ones that I was making myself, I didn't notice the same trend for cleaning products.

能找到和我DIY概念類(lèi)似的產(chǎn)品，但在清潔用品類(lèi)別內(nèi)卻一無(wú)所獲。

When I looked at the ingredients of cleaning products, even the 'natural' cleaning products contained ingredient that were really harmful.

當(dāng)我細(xì)看那些清潔用品的內(nèi)含物，即使是那些強(qiáng)調(diào)「天然」的清潔用品，都含有一些非常有害的物質(zhì)，

Things that were carcinogenic, and endocrine-disruptive. You know, when I looked into it further, I learned that cleaning product manufacturers aren't even legally required to disclose the ingredients of their products on the product packaging,

像是致癌物、內(nèi)分泌干擾物質(zhì)。而且你知道嗎，當(dāng)我更深入了解，我發(fā)現(xiàn)那些清潔用品制造商，并沒(méi)有被法律要求要將商品的成分全部寫(xiě)在商品的外包裝上。

and so when we go and buy a product, we're at the complete mercy of the company, hoping that they have our best interest in mind.

所以當(dāng)我們?nèi)ベ?gòu)買(mǎi)商品時(shí)，我們只能任廠商擺布，期待他們能將我們的福祉放在心上。

I feel that we, as consumers, have a right to products that are transparent

我認(rèn)為我們，作為消費(fèi)者，有權(quán)利知道商品的一切信息，

and that aren't bad for us, and so I started thinking about my own products, the ones that I've been making for years.

了解它是否會(huì)對(duì)我們產(chǎn)生危害。所以我開(kāi)始思考我自己做的產(chǎn)品，那些我已經(jīng)做了好幾年的產(chǎn)品。

That are safe, and effective, and have ingredients that I use to do things like brush my teeth, or make salad dressing.

我的產(chǎn)品很安全、有效，而且所含成分都是我經(jīng)常使用的。像是我會(huì)用來(lái)刷牙、做色拉醬。

And I realized that I had an opportunity, and so I quit my job, and started a company.

我發(fā)現(xiàn)這是個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，所以我辭掉了工作，出來(lái)創(chuàng)業(yè)。

Because I feel like we, as human beings, have a right to products that are safe for our homes, and our bodies, and the environment.

因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為，作為人類(lèi)，我們有權(quán)利來(lái)選擇對(duì)我們的家、身體、環(huán)境無(wú)害的產(chǎn)品。

I get comments all the time, that I'm doing this for attention.

但我也因此被很多人批評(píng)，說(shuō)我做這些只是為了引起注意。

But I live this lifestyle for myself.

但我選擇這樣的生活方式是為了我自己，

I would never tell anyone how to live or how much trash that they should produce.

我不會(huì)去告訴別人該怎么生活，或限制他人只能制造多少垃圾。

I just want to provide tools, through my blog and my business, for people, who like me, want to reduce how much trash they're producing.

我只是想要提供方法，透過(guò)我的部落格及我的事業(yè)，來(lái)幫助人們，像我這樣想要減少垃圾量的人們。

I live a zero waste lifestyle, because to me, it's the best way I know, how to live a life that aligns with everything that I believe in.

我過(guò)著一個(gè)零廢棄的生活，因?yàn)閷?duì)我而言，這是我所知道最好的生活方式，這和我的人生價(jià)值觀吻合。

And what's the point. Right? I'm just one person. What difference can I make?

但這又有什么大不了，對(duì)吧？我只是個(gè)無(wú)名小卒， 我這樣做能帶來(lái)多少改變？

The point is simple: I want to be remembered for the things that I did while I was on this planet, and not for the trash that I left behind.

但這理念很簡(jiǎn)單，我希望我被記得，是因?yàn)槲覍?duì)地球的貢獻(xiàn)，而不是我留下來(lái)的垃圾。

Thank you.

謝謝。