觀察干擾素(IFN)與核苷（酸）類似物聯(lián)合治療慢性乙型肝炎的療效。

選擇慢性乙型肝炎病例207例，分別予聚乙二醇干擾素(PEG- IFNα- 2a 或 IFNα- 2b)治療52周，隨訪24周，其中146例(A組)初始24周聯(lián)合核苷（酸）類似物治療（59例聯(lián)合拉米夫定，56例聯(lián)合阿德福韋酯，31例聯(lián)合恩替卡韋），另61例單用IFN治療(B組)。

A、B組治療結束時HBV DNA陰轉率分別為86.3%（126/146）、65.6%（40/61）;ALT復常率87.7%（128/146）、76.5%（39/61）;HBeAg陰轉率分別為69.3%（70/101）、40%（10/25）；HBsAg陰轉率分別為30.1%（44/146）、16.4%（10/61）；抗-HBs陽轉率分別為26.7%（39/146）、11.5%（7/61），差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義（P＜0.05）。

IFN聯(lián)合核苷（酸）類似物治療慢性乙型肝炎的療效優(yōu)于單用IFN組。

To observe the therapeutic efficacy of combination therapy with interferon (IFN) and a nucleoside analogue for treating chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.

Two-hundred-and-seven patients diagnosed with CHB were assigned to the following treatment groups: IFN in combination with a nucleoside analogue (group A); IFN monotherapy (group B). The patients in group A were further divided into three combination treatment sub-groups, according to the particular nucleoside analogue administered: lamivudine (LAM; sub-group A1, n=59); adefovir dipivoxil (ADV; sub-group A2, n=56); and entecavir (ETV; sub-group A3; n=31). All of the patients received pegylated-IFN (either IFN -2a or IFN -2b) for 52 weeks. The patients in group A received the combination therapy with nucleoside analogue immediately upon initiation of the IFN treatment and lasting for a total of 24 weeks, after which IFN monotherapy was carried out.

In groups A and B, respectively, 86.3% and 65.6% achieved undetectable levels of HBV DNA at the end of treatment. However, group A achieved a higher rate of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization rate (87.7% vs. group B: 765%, P＜0.05). Group A also achieved a significantly higher rates of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) clearance (69.3% vs. group B: 40%, P＜0.05), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance (30.1% vs. group B: 16.4%, P＜0.05), and HBsAg seroconversion (26.7% vs. group B: 11.5%, P＜0.05).

The combination treatment of IFN plus a nucleoside analogue is more efficacious than IFN monotherapy for treating CHB patients.