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距四六級考試還有最后2天，還沒復(fù)習(xí)好的同學(xué)不要著急，我們總結(jié)了一些四六級的技巧幫助大家。想要輕松應(yīng)對英語四六級，這些準(zhǔn)備必不可少！ CET（筆試+聽力）考試時間 英語四級 12月15日 9:00-11:20 英語六級 12月15日 15:00-17:25 （四級8:40開始進(jìn)考場；六級14:40開始進(jìn)考場）
考試流程 考試題型 ? 四級試卷結(jié)構(gòu)  ? 六級試卷結(jié)構(gòu)  四六級考試的第一項就是寫作， 并且寫作的30分鐘里， 只能寫作文，不可以翻看試卷， 也就沒有辦法做寫作以外的題目。 不可以翻看試卷 不可以翻看試卷 這是最容易應(yīng)對而且也是最容得分的題！首段、中間段、末段寫法、四級范文點擊下列鏈接參考；六級范文（見12.13另一圖文）、寫作高級替換詞、四級寫作預(yù)測范文（3篇）、六級寫作預(yù)測范文（3篇）手指觸屏向下滑動可見。  1. 作文，可能還是這三種形式： 漫畫、引言及口語式（對你影響最大的一個人之類）。但是最重要的第一點是：別把題目看走眼，你可能就已經(jīng)成功了一半。比如有回四級作文題是：Education pays, 學(xué)渣們都以為是教育花費，其實是：教育是有回報的。 2. 在寫之前，回憶考前積累的相關(guān)表達(dá)，包括單詞的替代，固定句型的套用，一個簡單的例子的是think，你至少可以選擇… =believe=maintain=consider=assume=deem= insist=be convinced = reckon=harbor the idea that…=take the attitude that…=hold the view that 或者更復(fù)雜的版本 3. 發(fā)現(xiàn)文章的觀點沒有足夠理由支撐, 可使用舉例子的方法。 這招對六級那種最難寫的引言式文章最有用。你可以用以下句子開頭：As an illustration, we may take …as an example. This story is not rare....Such dilemma we might often meet in daily life. 4. 最后階段建議多背功能句,考場靈活應(yīng)用. 如: 文章結(jié)論句 From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that…Taking all these factors into account, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that…Therefore, we can reach the following conclusion… 四六級寫作提分錦囊 ▲1. 考場上，寧愿簡單，不要犯錯，可拿平均分 到了考場，你的英文水平再也沒有改變的余地。此時，切勿為了追求語言表達(dá)的華麗和難度而去寫很多自己不會的內(nèi)容，炫技。重要的是盡量避免語法錯誤、拼寫錯誤！因為每處錯誤都會扣分！ ▲2. 卷面整潔，字跡工整，第一印象加分 一名閱卷老師，每天要批改很多份試卷，因此，跟高考作文一樣，字跡整潔和工整非常重要。來不及練字的同學(xué)，考試的時候避免涂抹太多。 ▲3. 字?jǐn)?shù)不用過分糾結(jié)，采用三段式，比較合理 建議擔(dān)心字?jǐn)?shù)過少或字?jǐn)?shù)過多的同學(xué)，采用三段式。同時，第二段采用三個論據(jù)去論證觀點，每個論據(jù)，用2句話展開。 三段式的基本模型為：
▲4. 想要拿高分，注意語言的多樣性、句式多變 實際上，在寫作過程中，長句和短句穿插著寫；不同的句式類型，靈活運用；同時，多注意適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂藐P(guān)聯(lián)詞。離高分作文就不遠(yuǎn)了! 下面給大家整理了 四六級寫作必備30詞+高級替換30詞+120組
四級作文預(yù)測（星火） 高分范文 No.1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to college freshmen to express your views on how to maintain psychological health. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Dear friends, As college freshmen, struggling to adapt yourselves to the college life, you must be confused about a lot of problems. On behalf of the Psychological Counseling Center, I would like to make several suggestions concerning psychological health to you. First and foremost, keep a keen interest in learning. An outstanding performance in your schoolwork will boost your confidence, thus allowing you to be immune from negative moods or thoughts to a great degree. Secondly, be on good terms with your roommates and communicate with your family members more. Studies show that people with strong family or social connections are psychologically healthier than those who lack a support network. Last but not least, engage in regular exercise. Taking care of yourself physically can improve your mental health. Be sure to eat nutritious meals, drink plenty of water and get enough sleep and exercise, which help decrease depression and improve moods. I hope these suggestions will be of help to you, and please feel free to contact the Psychological Counseling Center for any further questions. Yours sincerely, Lily 高分范文 No.2 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on ways to achieve effective communication. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
“Nobody attended the Effective Communication Seminar. They didn't understand the invitation.” On Effective Communication Just as the picture depicts, a secretary reports to her boss that no one attended the Effective Communication Seminar due to their failure to understand the invitation. Satirical as the cartoon is, what it conveys to us is that it is of great significance to achieve effective communication. In order to communicate effectively, we must keep the following points in our minds. Make sure what we're going to express is clear and concise in order to make ourselves well understood. Speak on important matters directly and do not waste time on trivial details that will make other people confused. To make our communication successful, another aspect to bear in mind is to put ourselves in other peoples' shoes. Only when we get the clue about others' interests and needs can we choose the approach that suits them, which will guarantee the success of the communication. In conclusion, having effective communication skills is imperative for our success. If we can do what has been mentioned above, we can get ahead in certain areas where others with poor communication skills may not succeed. 高分范文 No.3 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your congratulations to one of your classmates upon successfully starting a business. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Dear Oliver, I am excited to hear the news that you have founded an English training school. Congratulations! It is really encouraging for me to see your efforts finally rewarded. It comes as no surprise to learn that you have made such a remarkable achievement. You have always excelled in schoolwork, and as your best friend, I know how hard you have worked to achieve the goal. Also, I have complete confidence in you and believe that your training school will be a big success in the foreseeable future. However, it is out of doubt that managing a training school is no easy task. In case you come across any difficulty where I am helpful by chance, please do not hesitate to contact me. Please accept my genuine congratulations again. Wish you still further success. Yours sincerely, Lily 六級作文預(yù)測（星火） 高分范文 No.1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “A strong man will struggle with the storms of fate.” You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. To Be a Tough Man As the saying goes, “A strong man will struggle with the storms of fate.” If one wants to become strong and gain his success, there is no doubt that he needs to fight against whatever difficulties he may encounter in his real life. The saying also reminds us of an old proverb “The man who wants to conquer the whole world must conquer himself first.” Firstly, a strong will can help a man guarantee his success and help him finish the long and tough journey when he gets involved in trouble. Facing troubles, he may feel depressed and upset. However, it is what he believes and persists with that leads him to get rid of difficult situations. Besides, difficulties in life provide a good opportunity for a man to practice himself so as to help him succeed in the near future. That’s why we say that a strong man will struggle with the storms of fate. In a nutshell, hard as the struggle seems to be, a man should challenge himself and practice himself in a way to prove himself in order to embrace the glory of future success. 高分范文 No.2 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Dialect is a kind of nostalgic thing which makes you homesick.” You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Dialect Is What Makes You Homesick As the saying goes, “Dialect is a kind of nostalgic thing which makes you homesick.” Dialect is not only a kind of local and native language， but also plays a very important role in crosscultural communication and that is why we should protect it. First of all, dialect reflects the living backgrounds as well as local traditions or customs in some ways. People take it as a symbol of their identities. Secondly, it is an old saying that home is where the heart is and dialect is where the memory is, since both of them accompany us wherever we are. In this regard, priority should be given to protect dialects and attention should be paid to enriching this kind of tradition. To sum up, since dialect is one of the most precious fortunes that we have owned, it is no wonder that we should spare no effort to protect it and keep it for future generations. In other words, dialect is beyond a simple local language and can make people homesick. 高分范文 No.3 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “If you listen to your fears, you will die never knowing what a great person you might have been.” You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. How to Face Fear? Fear is a natural feeling caused by the possibility of danger, pain, etc. As for the attitude toward it, I heartily agree with the quote “If you listen to your fears, you will die never knowing what a great person you might have been.” That is to say, we should face up to fear and be the master of it. Fear tends to result from our exaggerating the possible unfavorable conditions. When overwhelmed by the exaggeration of uncertainty, we can unconsciously slip into the feeling of fear, which in turn worsens the situation. Being a slave of dread may also cause us to underestimate our ability and belittle ourselves. As a result, we will never fulfill our potential before we make an attempt. Once endeavoring to approach a seemingly formidable task, we will reasonably gain a better understanding of it and more self-confidence. Admittedly, a certain amount of fear could help us take the difficulties seriously and keep prudent. Nevertheless, we should never be crushed by fear. We can often encourage ourselves with Franklin Roosevelt’s noted words—“The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”
關(guān)于應(yīng)試一些小技巧：
四六級聽力備考錦囊 ▲1. 開篇必有考點 開篇的1-3句往往是考點所在，對應(yīng)第1題答案。無論是長對話、新聞聽力、短文聽力還是講座聽力，一定要集中精力聽開篇內(nèi)容。 ▲2. 順序原則，遇到聽不懂之處，千萬別糾結(jié) 聽力出題規(guī)律：題文同序。答案出現(xiàn)的順序與題目順序完全一致。放心順著聽就行。因此，當(dāng)某道題4個選項中的關(guān)鍵詞都已經(jīng)聽不到，說明這題已經(jīng)過了。別糾結(jié)了！ 趕緊看下一題的選項，邊看邊聽邊做標(biāo)記，不要錯過后面2-3題的答案！ ▲3. 轉(zhuǎn)折、最高級和語調(diào)變化處?？?/p> 歷年在轉(zhuǎn)折處常有考點?？记白詈髱滋炀氄骖}聽力時，聽到but, however等轉(zhuǎn)折詞時，重點聽其后的內(nèi)容。 同時注意語調(diào)變化，升調(diào)時一般是疑問句，會出題。留心最高級（以-est結(jié)尾）、舉例處（for example, such as等）、年代時間（1990s）等處，常設(shè)考題。 注意記筆記。把聽到關(guān)鍵核心信息具體指代什么，和選項是否有對應(yīng)，標(biāo)記清楚。方便聽到問題時，及時選出答案。 ▲4. 熟悉話題高頻詞，預(yù)讀和抓聽都需要 四、六級聽力有其?？嫉囊恍┰掝}，了解和熟悉這些詞，可以幫助大家在預(yù)讀和抓聽的過程中，預(yù)判跟日常知識背景相符合的一些內(nèi)容。 例如，面試必然會談?wù)撔劫Y、福利、主要工作內(nèi)容等。 部分四級聽力場景詞：
部分六級聽力場景詞：
答案分析原則 相近選項保留 聽力考試開始之前考生一定要預(yù)留一定時間來看選項，當(dāng)選項中有兩項表達(dá)意思相近時，那么正確答案很可能在這兩項之中！這時只需稍微聽一聽對話，即可知答案，如果出現(xiàn)了雙重相關(guān)，便可直接確認(rèn)正確選項，只需聽完對話加之認(rèn)證一下即可！ 相異選項保留 當(dāng)選項中出現(xiàn)有意思明顯相反的兩項時，那么正確答案很可能在此二項中出現(xiàn)！如果出現(xiàn)雙重異項，那么即可判斷出正確答案。 女士建議保留 當(dāng)對話中出現(xiàn)女士的建議和要求時，我們一定要注意，這時女士說出來的話很可能就是正確選項的異意！因為女士經(jīng)常以女神的形象出面，她們代表的是美好、正面、陽光的信息！ 概括、抽象保留原則 當(dāng)選項中出現(xiàn)比較概括、抽象的句子時，這時我們就要把表述事實的、具體的句子劃掉，而去選擇抽象、比較性的句子。一般當(dāng)兩個選項的意思接近時，表述比較全面的一般為正確選項！
這是我們應(yīng)考的重點，閱讀題得分的高低直接影響到你是否能過，在這里針對每種題型談一談 （一）事實細(xì)節(jié)題 據(jù)觀察，每年必考地方是列舉處，即有first，sceond，in addition……的地方，還有舉例與打比方的地方，即有as，such ，for instance等出現(xiàn)的地方，有幾個應(yīng)考規(guī)律，大家記住。
（二）詞義及語義判斷題 ?？加兄复舷聠栒Z義功能的名詞和一詞多義的詞組，另外復(fù)雜句由于其句子之間的關(guān)系復(fù)雜，也常成為考查理解能力的一種手段，大家只要記住一個規(guī)律即可，那就是選項含義與被考單詞在含義上膚淺相近的一般不是答案。 （三）推理判斷題，有如下幾個技巧：
（四）主旨大意題和觀點態(tài)度題 這兩種相對都比較難，大家的得分都不是很高，所以即使你做的不好也別太介意。還有閱讀題的一些干擾項的特點： 細(xì)節(jié)題干擾項特點
主旨大意題干擾項特點
邏輯推理題干擾項特點
▲1. 選詞填空：三步走
先從特征最明顯的副詞（-ly結(jié)尾）開始填，用過的詞用筆劃掉。選詞填空僅僅考察四大詞性：名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞，一般副詞只有2-3空；形容詞2-5空。 ▲2. 長篇匹配：先題后文，先簡單，定位+同義替換定答案
▲3. 仔細(xì)閱讀：考前多進(jìn)行計時訓(xùn)練 仔細(xì)閱讀同長篇匹配一樣，先讀題干，后看文章，找到定位段或定位句后，再將該段或該句與選項進(jìn)行比對。 另外，值得注意的是：務(wù)必要在考前多多進(jìn)行計時訓(xùn)練，每篇文章控制在5-8分鐘。此時做對的題目數(shù)，才是大家在考場的真實水平。
1.在翻譯前，先確定可以正確理解文章意思。即便遇到很難的說法，也可以先變成簡單的中文再進(jìn)行翻譯。
2.中文沒有過去式，但是英文有啊，千萬別忘記翻譯時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換
3.有些介詞可能會幫到忙，比如with+ 名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)，就很多見。
4.應(yīng)用英語的固定句型，這些句式可以加分，絕對是亮點！
▲1. 增詞 例如：感冒可以通過人的手傳染。 譯文為： Flu can be spread by hand contact. 其中的contact(接觸)就是根據(jù)譯文需要添加上的。 ▲2. 減詞 譯文的增詞、減詞都是為了更確切、更忠實地表達(dá)原文的含義和精神。 例如“百姓出現(xiàn)做飯點火難現(xiàn)象”中的“現(xiàn)象”一詞可以省略，只譯成“people do not even have matches to light their stoves.”就足以表達(dá)原文中的信息。 ▲3. 詞類轉(zhuǎn)換 詞類變形和轉(zhuǎn)換，是英語語言的一個很重要的特點，特別是名詞、動詞、形容詞這三種最主要的詞類，大部分可以直接轉(zhuǎn)換使用，或者稍加變化(前綴、后綴等) 即可轉(zhuǎn)換為另一種詞類。 例如：他的演講給我們的印象很深。 譯文：His speech impressed us deeply. ▲4. 語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換 漢譯英時，人們常常會簡單地認(rèn)為只要按照原句的語態(tài)處理就行了。事實上，在英語中被動語態(tài)的使用頻率要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于漢語。所以我們在漢譯英時需要靈活運用語態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。
這里就譯出了門是被（人）鎖好的意義。 ▲5. 語序變換 為了適應(yīng)英文的修辭避免歧義，有時需要對原文的語序進(jìn)行調(diào)整。 ▲6. 分譯與合譯 考生在遇到較長的句子或較復(fù)雜的句子時，可以考慮分譯，以使譯文簡潔，通俗易懂。同時考生也可以把漢語的兩個較簡短的句子合譯成一句英文，可以用連接詞來連接。 ▲7. 正反表達(dá)翻譯 正反表達(dá)翻譯可以分為兩種情況： 1. 漢語從正面表達(dá)，英語從反面表達(dá)。 2.漢語從反面表達(dá)，譯文從正面表達(dá)。
譯文為：His speech is pretty thin.
四級翻譯預(yù)測（星火） 毛筆(Chinese brush)是一種源于中國的傳統(tǒng)書寫工具，與墨、紙、硯(ink stone)并稱為“文房四寶”。毛筆有著悠久的歷史，相傳為秦始皇的大將蒙恬所創(chuàng)。毛筆筆尖最初用兔毛，后來也用羊、狼、雞、鼠等動物毛，筆管用竹或其他材料制成。在古代，毛筆不僅是一種基本的書寫工具，還被廣泛用于書法(calligraphy)和繪畫創(chuàng)作。幾千年來，它為創(chuàng)造中華民族光輝燦爛的文化做出了卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。 Chinese brush is a traditional writing instrument originating from China. Ink stick, paper, ink stone and Chinese brush are known as “Four Treasures of the Study”. Chinese brush has a long history. Legend has it that the brush was invented by Meng Tian, a general under the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty. Originally, the head of the brush was made from rabbit hairs, and later also from the hairs of goats, wolves, chickens, mice and other animals. The shaft is made of bamboo or other materials. In ancient times, Chinese brush was not only an essential writing tool, it was also widely used in calligraphy and painting. For thousands of years, it has made outstanding contributions to the creation of the effulgent Chinese culture. 中國的烹飪歷史悠久，有8 000多種有名的菜品，48種基本的烹飪方式，包括烤、煎、煮等。中國菜可以大致分為八大地方菜系(cuisine)，流傳最廣的當(dāng)屬四川菜系。川菜以麻辣著稱，宮保雞丁、麻婆豆腐大受人們歡迎，四川火鍋是世界上最有名的火鍋。除此之外，還有其他很多著名的地方菜系，如北京菜和上海菜。北京菜膩且偏咸，最典型的是北京烤鴨，幾乎每一個到北京的外國人都會到全聚德吃烤鴨。上海菜油膩且口味偏甜，對于喜歡甜食的人再好不過了。 Chinese cooking has a long history. There are over 8 000 well-known Chinese dishes and 48 basic ways of cooking including roasting, frying and boiling, etc. Chinese cooking can be roughly divided into eight regional schools of cuisine. The most popular one is Sichuan cuisine, which is spicy and hot. Kung-pao chicken and mapo tofu are very popular with people. Sichuan hotpot is the most famous hotpot in the world. Additionally, there are many other famous local schools of cuisine, such as Beijing cuisine and Shanghai cuisine. Beijing food is greasy and a little salty. The most typical one is Beijing roast duck. Nearly every foreigner who comes to Beijing will taste Beijing roast duck in Quanjude Restaurant. Shanghai food is oily and sweet. It's the best choice for people who have a sweet tooth. 在中國漫長的封建(feudal)歷史進(jìn)程中，擁有至高無上權(quán)力的帝王們?yōu)樽约航ㄔ炝似胀ù蟊娍赏豢杉吹?strong>宮廷樓宇，這些建筑體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時建筑技術(shù)的精髓。據(jù)史料記載，秦代的阿房宮、漢代的未央宮以及唐代的大明宮都是宏大的建筑群，有寬闊的庭院以及宏偉的殿堂。目前僅存的帝王宮殿是建于明清兩代的北京紫禁城和沈陽故宮，它們代表了古代宮廷建筑技術(shù)和藝術(shù)的頂峰。 In the long history of Chinese feudal society, the emperors, as the holders of supreme power, built palaces and other structures for themselves which the populace might aspire to but could never attain. The architecture represents the essence of the architectural techniques at that time. Ancient records describe the now vanished Epang Palace of the Qin Dynasty, Weiyang Palace of the Han Dynasty and Daming Palace of the Tang Dynasty as huge constructions with broad courtyards and magnificent halls. The only imperial palaces extant nowadays are the Forbidden City in Beijing and the Imperial Palace in Shenyang, which were built during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. They represent the best technical and artistic achievements of ancient palace architecture. “生、旦、凈、丑”是京劇中的角色分類?！吧笔悄行哉娼巧?，“旦”是女性正面角色，“凈”是性格鮮明的男性配角(supporting role)，“丑”是幽默滑稽的人物或反面角色。每種角色都有表明身份的臉譜(facial make-up)和扮相(costume)，只要演員一上場，你一看便知。在人的臉上涂上某種顏色以象征這個人的性格和品質(zhì)、角色和命運，是京劇的一大特點，也是理解劇情的關(guān)鍵。簡單地講，紅臉含有褒義，代表忠勇(valor)；黑臉為中性，代表猛(vigor)智；黃臉和白臉含貶義，代表兇詐。 Sheng, dan, jing, chou refer to different types of roles in Peking Opera. Sheng is the positive male role, and dan is the positive female role, while jing is a supporting male role with a distinctive character and chou is the clown or a negative character. Each type of role has its own facial make-up and costume that expose its identity as soon as he/she appears on the stage. One major characteristic of Peking Opera is the color painted on the face of a character that shows the personality, quality, role and fate, which is also the key to understanding the plot. To put it simply, red is positive, standing for loyalty and valor; black represents a neutral role, representing vigor and wisdom; yellow and white both suggest cunning and negative characters. 六級翻譯預(yù)測（星火） 筷子由兩根長短相同的木棍組成，是中國的傳統(tǒng)餐具(eating utensil)?？曜映霈F(xiàn)在三千多年前，它的出現(xiàn)不僅是中國烹飪文化的變革，也是人類文明的標(biāo)志。此外，筷子在烹飪技巧的發(fā)展過程中也起著推動作用。如今，筷子不僅是一種餐具，還成為一種獨特的文化形式，對于我們來說，筷子可以作為藝術(shù)品來欣賞、研究和收藏?？曜与m小，但仍被世界上許多人所推崇。一項有趣的實驗表明，當(dāng)你在使用筷子的時候，許多關(guān)節(jié)和肌肉都會得到鍛煉。 Chopsticks, the traditional eating utensils in China, are a pair of equal length sticks. Chopsticks appeared more than three thousand years ago. The appearance of chopsticks is not only a revolution of Chinese cuisine culture, but also a symbol of human civilization. Besides, chopsticks have promoted the development of cooking techniques. Today, chopsticks are not only a kind of tableware, but also have become a unique culture form, coming in front of us as a work of art for appreciation, research and collection. Chopsticks are small, but they are adored by many people in the world. An interesting experiment shows that many joints and muscles can be exercised when you use chopsticks. 網(wǎng)上銀行擁有許多優(yōu)勢。網(wǎng)上銀行從不關(guān)門，每天24小時、每周7天全天候營業(yè)，而且只需輕點鼠標(biāo)即可完成交易。當(dāng)你的財務(wù)發(fā)生問題，而你附近又沒有營業(yè)廳或自動取款機時，你可以馬上登陸網(wǎng)上銀行來處理你的財務(wù)。網(wǎng)上銀行處理并確認(rèn)交易的速度通常達(dá)到或者超過了自動取款機的運行速度。網(wǎng)上銀行現(xiàn)在還提供賬目總計、股票報價等先進(jìn)的工具，以幫助你更有效地理財。 Online banking has a lot of advantages. It never closes, offering services 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and all you need to do is just a slight click of the mouse. If your nearby banks or ATMs are not available when financial problems arise, you can immediately log on to your online banking and cope with your business. In terms of the speed of the execution and confirmation of transactions, online banking is generally no slower than ATMs. Online banking now offers advanced tools, including account aggregation, stock quotes and so on to help you manage your assets more effectively. 自主創(chuàng)業(yè)(self-employed)的好處之一是盈利歸自己所有，利潤是對自己努力、能力和創(chuàng)造力的回報。自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的第二個好處是個人才智和能力能直接反映在收入上。自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的第三個優(yōu)勢是自己做老板能夠控制自己的工作時間。但是創(chuàng)業(yè)并不是一帆風(fēng)順(go smoothly)的事。首先，做自己的老板把責(zé)任直接放到了個人的肩上。其次，自己做老板時，一單成功的生意可能會帶來很大的盈利，而一單失敗的生意可能會造成破產(chǎn)。第三個弊端是沒有穩(wěn)定的工資，收入浮動很大。 One of the advantages of being self-employed is that the profits that the business makes belong to the owner. The profits earned are the reward for the owner's effort, competence and creativity. Another advantage is that a person's earnings directly reflect his intelligence and abilities. The third advantage of being self-employed is that a person as the boss can control his working hours. However, being self-employed does not always go smoothly. First, being one's own boss means placing the responsibility directly on that individual's shoulders. Second, though the self-employed can earn considerable profits with successful business, losses can force them out of business. The third disadvantage is that self-employed people have no stable wage and their earnings can vary greatly. 中醫(yī)起源于6 000多年前的神農(nóng)氏，這位著名的中國古代藥王所生活的時代被認(rèn)為是中醫(yī)發(fā)展的萌芽階段(embryo stage)。中醫(yī)學(xué)在長期的發(fā)展過程中，逐漸形成了一整套醫(yī)學(xué)原則和觀點。首先，中醫(yī)認(rèn)為“萬物人為貴”。中醫(yī)將“救死扶傷”視為職業(yè)道德規(guī)范。第二，中醫(yī)注重?zé)o病防病，強調(diào)以食補(food treatment)來延緩衰老，減少疾病。第三，中醫(yī)理論認(rèn)為，社會環(huán)境與自然環(huán)境相互作用、互為依存，人的身心也是一種相互作用、互為依存的關(guān)系。 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) originated from Shennong, the famous king of medicine in ancient China who lived more than 6 000 years ago. The time Shennong lived is considered to be the embryo stage in the development of TCM. During its long process of development, TCM has gradually developed a complete set of medical principles and concepts. First, it believes that “nothing is more important than a human life”. It regards “healing the sick and rescuing the dying” as its professional ethics. Second, it pays attention to the prevention of diseases, advocating the food treatment approach to defer senility and reduce diseases. Third, according to the TCM theory, the relationship between the social environment and natural environment, as well as the relationship between the human body and spirit is of mutual influence and interdependence. 茶是中國人日常生活中不可或缺的飲料(beverage)。中國人對泡茶非常挑剔，常用泉水、雨水或雪水來泡茶。其中，泉水和秋天的雨水最好。水質(zhì)和味道最為重要，好的水必須是純凈、涼爽、清澈流動的。茶在中國人的情感生活中扮演了重要的角色。到中國人家里做客，主人總是立刻就敬上一杯茶。上茶不只是禮貌，它還象征著團(tuán)結(jié)，代表著尊重，代表著主人與客人共享美好時光。主人倒茶(pour tea)只倒七分滿，此外杯中三分裝的是友情和關(guān)愛。 For Chinese people, tea is an indispensable beverage in their daily life. Chinese people are very particular about making tea. To make tea, they often use spring water as well as rain and snow water, among which spring water and rain water in autumn are considered to be the best. In terms of water, the emphasis is put on the quality and taste, and fine water must be pure, cool, and clearly flowing. Tea plays an important role in Chinese emotional life. It is always offered immediately to a guest in Chinese. 來源：網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合，僅供學(xué)習(xí)交流 |
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