腰椎滑脫癥，按Wiltes分類法分為五型： 
　?、裥停喊l(fā)育不良型。是骶1上關節(jié)突或腰5椎弓先天性缺損，無法阻止腰5椎向前滑脫。 
　　Ⅱ型：峽部型。是峽部(上、下關節(jié)突間)應力骨折或延長，使上關節(jié)突與上位腰椎一起前移。 
　　Ⅲ型：退變型。由于長期退變，使關節(jié)突和椎間盤不穩(wěn)，而發(fā)生滑脫，但滑脫的程度都較輕。 
　?、粜停簞?chuàng)傷型。是急性外傷致椎弓根、椎板、關節(jié)突骨折，此型少見。 
　　Ⅴ型：病理型。為全身性疾病如成骨不全、畸形骨炎等。

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Degenerative Spondylolisthesis

退變性腰椎滑脫

Degenerative spondylolisthesis is a condition in which one vertebral body slips forward on top of the vertebral body below it, as a result of aging processes that weaken the spine. As a person ages, spinal discs tend to weaken and dry out, leading to arthritis that weakens the ligaments and joints of the spine.

　　退變性腰椎滑脫是一個椎體在另一個椎體上方向前滑動的一種病癥。這是由于年老使脊柱衰退所致。人老后，脊柱的椎間盤逐漸脫水變性，導致關節(jié)炎使脊柱的韌帶和關節(jié)功能減退。

As the facet joints at the back of the spine weaken, a vertebra may slip forward over the one below it. Degenerative spondylolisthesis occurs most frequently at the L4-L5 or L3-L4 segments of the spine, though it can occur at one to three levels simultaneously, and rarely in the cervical spine.

　　隨著脊柱后方的關節(jié)突關節(jié)衰退，一個椎體可能在另一個椎體上方向前滑動。退變性腰椎滑脫最常見于腰4/5  或腰3/4節(jié)段。當然也可能1～3個節(jié)段同時發(fā)生，但在頸椎較少。

Many people do not have symptoms from degenerative spondylolisthesis. The most common source of pain from degenerative spondylolisthesis comes from a narrowing of the spinal canal. When the vertebra slips forward, it can compress nerve roots and cause low back pain or radiating pain.

　　許多有退變性腰椎滑脫的人沒有癥狀。退變性腰椎滑脫引起疼痛最常見的根源是椎管的狹窄。當椎體向前滑時，會壓迫神經，引起腰痛和放射痛。

Patients may also have a tired feeling in the legs or difficulty walking as a result of pinched nerves or tight hamstrings. Degenerative spondylolisthesis is linked to a number of other conditions, including arthritis and degenerative disc disease. Understanding its causes and symptoms is important to developing a treatment program with a doctor.

　　由于神經受壓和肌腱緊張，病人會感覺下肢乏力，行走困難。退變性腰椎滑脫還與一些其它病癥相關，包括關節(jié)炎和退變性椎間盤疾患。了解病因及癥狀對于和醫(yī)生一起制定治療計劃很重要。

（高晨珉     轉）