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?第二十三章 省略句 并列句中的省略及練習(xí)題 所屬教程:張道真簡(jiǎn)明英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法瀏覽:1058Lisa2015年03月29日隨身學(xué) 張道真簡(jiǎn)明英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法第二十三章省略句(199) .并列句中的省略 1 .并列句如果兩個(gè)分句有重復(fù)處，后面不分就常常省略掉： I work in a factory and my brother on a farm . 我在工廠工作，我弟弟在農(nóng)場(chǎng)工作。 My room 15 on the second floor and his , on the third . 我的房間在三樓，他的房間在四樓。 He majors in English , and Iin French . 他主修英語(yǔ)，而我主修法語(yǔ)。 Someone has borrowed that look , but Idon t remember who . 有人借了那本書(shū)，但我不記得誰(shuí)借的了。 The fox may grow grey , but never good . 狐貍會(huì)變老，卻不會(huì)變好。(諺) 2 .有時(shí)but , and 等連詞可引起一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，有的詞則省略了： We tried to help her , but in vain . 我們想法子幫助式，但沒(méi)有用。 He did it andquite successfully too at the beginning . 他這樣做了，而且開(kāi)頭時(shí)還很成功。 We still have our shortcomings , and veryb 心ones too . 我們還有缺點(diǎn)，而且是很大的缺點(diǎn)。 This happened and adodthingtoo , forithepedustorealizeour sh ort comings . 發(fā)生了這事，也是好事，因?yàn)樗鼛涂梦覀兠靼琢宋覀兊娜秉c(diǎn)。 3 .另外，下面這些句子也可說(shuō)有詞省略： A little further and you will see a sign board ? 再往前走一點(diǎn)，你可以看到一塊招牌。(G 。) A few months more and the hydro - - electric station would be providing power . 再過(guò)幾個(gè)月水電站就要供電了。(Wait ) Well , another thing , have you sent out the invitation cards ? 哦，還有一件事，請(qǐng)諫發(fā)出去了嗎?( Ihave toaskyou ) Now , one more thing , I want to send a package by air mail . 還有一件事，我要寄一個(gè)航空包裹。(I have to do . ) Exercises (練習(xí)及答案) 練習(xí)一：補(bǔ)出下列句子的省略部分 1 . We eat our food with chopsticks and the Europeans with knives and fofks . 1 . eat ( their food ) 2 . The names of the two little ones seemed to be Sabina and Freda ; of the eldest , Stella . 2 . The name ( of the eldest ) seemed to be 3 . The scenery was beautiful , and the acting superb . 3 . was ( superb ) 4 .A: We're bound to win someday . B: Yes , but when ? 4 . ( When ) are we to win 5 . You must stop , and at once , this sort of behaviour . 5 . stop ( at once ) 6 . She never said she was homesick , but she was . 6 . ( was ) homesick 7 . She pretended to be angry , but she was not . 7 . ( was not ) angry 練習(xí)二：將下面的英語(yǔ)句子翻譯成中文 1. He worked hard but without any success . 1. 他努力工作卻沒(méi)成功。 2. She glanced quickly about , but seeing only the empty room . 2.它快速向周?chē)艘谎?，但只看?jiàn)一間空屋。 3 . She tried to save it but invain. 3 .私設(shè)法救它卻沒(méi)救活。 4 . It's not the red one I wanted but the blue one . 4 .我要的不是紅的而是那個(gè)藍(lán)色的。 5 . He's hardworking , but not very clever . 5 .他很勤奮，但不很聰明。 6 , The phone rang , but only for a few seconds . 6 .電話鈴響了，但只響了幾秒鐘。 張道真簡(jiǎn)明英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法第二十三章省略句(197) 簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略.在日常對(duì)話中常常用到省略句 1. 一是在回答問(wèn)題時(shí)(a ) ，一是在接著別人說(shuō)話時(shí)(b ) : a . When are we due toarrive ?—— In about two hours . 我們什么時(shí)候到?—— 大約兩個(gè)鐘頭后到。 Will you join us ?—— I should love to . 你愿意和我們一道去嗎?—— 我愿意。 H ave you sp oken to him ?—— Not yet . 你給他講了嗎?― 還沒(méi)有。 b . It looks like a shower .—— Yes , Somewhat . 看起來(lái)要卜一陣雨了。—— 是的，有點(diǎn)像。 I went to an exhibition this morning .—— With whom ? 我今天去參觀了一個(gè)展覽。—— 和誰(shuí)去的? I hope I am not disturbing you too much .—— Certainly not . 我希望我不會(huì)過(guò)分打擾你?！?當(dāng)然不會(huì)。 2 ，在陳述自己的意見(jiàn)(a ) ，提出問(wèn)題或要求(b )或是在感嘆句中(c )都可以有字詞省略： I'm not feeling Very well today . 今天覺(jué)得有點(diǎn)不舒服。 Must have gone to work . 準(zhǔn)是上班去了。 Nice day again . 又是一個(gè)好天。 b ? nybody against it ? 有人反對(duì)嗎? Wh at next ? 下一步怎么辦? Just a drop more . 再喝一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。 A good idea !好主意! Stupid !愚蠢! 3 .在日記，書(shū)信中也有時(shí)有字詞省略(a ) ，報(bào)紙標(biāo)題中也常有省略句(b ) : Out with Bill in the morning , A wet day . 早上和畢爾出去，下著雨。 Having a Wonderful time . Marvelous weathe. 玩得很好，天氣好極了。 Senator to seek Reelection .參議員爭(zhēng)取再次當(dāng)選。 ------------------------------------------------ Exercises練習(xí)及答案： 練習(xí)一：給出下列句子中省略的詞: 1 . How are you getting on with your work ?—— Pretty well . 1 . (I'm getting on) pretty well 2 . How is the weather ?—— going to clear up . 2 . (It's )going to clear up 3 . Are you tired ?—— Not very . 3 . I'm ( not ) ( very ) tired . 4 . Who's that gentleman ?—— Our neighbor , Mr . White . 4 . (He's )Our neighbor , Mr . White 5 . Would you like this one or that one ?—— Both , please! 5 . (I'll have) Both , please! 6 . Hope you won't mind if I borrow your dictionary for a moment.——Not in the least . 6 . I don't mind ( in the least ) 7 . The play was very touching .—— Yes , and very instructive too . 7 . It was very touching (and very instructive too). 8 . He won't come .—— Why ? 8. Why (won't he come)? 9 . He specializes in anthropology.—— What ? 9 . What (does he specialize in) 練習(xí)二：將下列英語(yǔ)省略句翻譯成中文 1 . Hope to hear from you soon. 1 .希望不久接到你的信。 2 . Happy New year .—— The same to you . 2 .祝新年快樂(lè)?！?也祝你新年快樂(lè)。 3 . No change in the plan until further notice. 3 .另接通知前計(jì)劃不變。 4 . Sorry to be late . 4 .對(duì)不起遲到了。 5 . Had your breakfast? 5 .吃早飯了嗎? 6 . Finished your work ?—— Almost . 6 .工作干完了嗎?—— 差不多完了。 7 . A pound of butter , please ? 7 .請(qǐng)給我一磅黃油。 8 . Right ?—— Right. 8 .對(duì)不對(duì)?—— 對(duì)。 9 . What a magnificent building! 9 .真漂亮的大樓! 10 . You old ? Not a bit of it ! 10 .你老了?一點(diǎn)不老。 張道真簡(jiǎn)明英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法第二十三章省略句(196) .省略句概述 (Elliptical Sentences) ，主要講了在口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中常用省略句的幾種情況 1 .英語(yǔ)句子，特別是在口語(yǔ)中，常會(huì)有詞被省略，這樣的句子稱(chēng)為省略句，被省略的部分可以是： l )主語(yǔ)： ( I ) Beg your pardon .請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍。 (It ) Doesn t matter .沒(méi)關(guān)系。 ( Do you ) Want some ? (你)要一點(diǎn)嗎? 2 )謂語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)的一部分： ( Is there ) Anything you want ?你要什么東西嗎? ( Does ) anybody need help ?有人需要幫忙嗎? ( Are ) you hungry ?你餓嗎? 3 )賓語(yǔ)： Where is George ?—— I don't know . 喬治在哪里?—— 我不知道。 She knows who did it , but she won t tell. 她知道是誰(shuí)干的，但她不說(shuō)。 4 )主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)(或謂語(yǔ)的一部分): ( I'm ) Sorry .對(duì)不起。 ( Come ) This way , please .請(qǐng)這邊來(lái)。 ( Are y ou ) T ired ?累了嗎? ( Are you ) looking for me ?找我? 5 )不定式、冠詞或其他東西： He didn t come , though we had invited him to ( come ) . 他沒(méi)來(lái)，雖然我們邀請(qǐng)了他。 ( The ) Fact is we don't know it ourselves .事實(shí)是我們自己也不知道 Shall we be late ?—— I hope ( we shall ) not ( be late ) . 我們會(huì)不會(huì)遲到?― 我希望不會(huì)。 2 .有些句子只含有句子的一部分(如只有謂語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)的一部分)，卻很難說(shuō)有什么詞省略。這類(lèi)句子可以稱(chēng)單部句(one member Sentences ) ，如： Thanks a lot .非常感謝。 What of it ?哪又有什么關(guān)系。 Away with you !滾開(kāi)! Hands up !舉起手來(lái) ---------------------------------------------------------- 練習(xí)及答案： 練習(xí)一：補(bǔ)出下列英語(yǔ)省略句中省略的詞: 1 . Haven't seen you for ages! 1 . ( I ) Haven't seen you for ages! 2 . Had a good time? 2. ( Have you ) Had a good time? 3 . Looks like rain . 3 . ( It ) Looks like rain. 4 . Got to go now . 4 . ( I've ) Got to go now 5 . Anything I can do for you? 5 . ( Is there ) Anything I can do for you? 6 . What a pity you can't go with us! 6 . What a pity ( it is ) you can't go with us! 7 . Sorry , wrong number. 7 . ( I'm ) Sorry , wrong number. 8 . Got a pen? 8 . ( Have you ) Got a pen? 9 . Did you like the film ?—— Oh , very much . 9 . Did you like the film ?—— Oh , (I like it) very much . 10 . Trouble is we don't have enough tools . 10 . (The) Trouble is we don't have enough tools . 練習(xí)二：將下面的省略句翻譯成中文 1 . No smoking ( parking / spitting ) . 1 . 禁止吸煙(停車(chē)/ 吐痰) 2 . No entry . 2 .不得入內(nèi)。 3 . Off with the lid . 3 .把蓋子揭開(kāi)。 4 . Out with it. 4 .說(shuō)出來(lái)。 5 . Down with Fascism ! 5 .打倒法西斯主義! 6 . On with your clothes. 6 .把衣服穿上。 7 . Off with your shirt . 7 .把襯衫脫下。 8 . Off to bed with you . 8 .去睡覺(jué)去! 9 . Down on your knees ! 9 .跪下! 10 . No bicycle against the wall ! 10 .不得靠墻放自行車(chē)。 張道真簡(jiǎn)明英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法第第二十二章語(yǔ)序(195).倒裝語(yǔ)序(3 ) 1 .表語(yǔ)也可連用系動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前面，提到句首的表語(yǔ)可以是： l )介詞短語(yǔ)： Near the southern end of the village was a large pear orchard , 靠近村子南頭有一座很大的梨園。 2 )形容詞： Very imporstant in the farmers life 15 the weather forecast . 農(nóng)民生活中非常重要的事就是天氣預(yù)報(bào)。 Worst of all were the humiliations he suffered . 最糟糕的是他受的屈辱。 3 )方位詞： Southwest of the reservoir were 2,000 mu of sandy wasteland . 水庫(kù)西南有兩千畝沙荒地。 Below is a restaurant .下面是一家餐館。 4 )過(guò)去分詞(表語(yǔ)): Hidden underground ia a wealth of gold , silver , copper , lead and zinc . 地下埋藏了大量金、銀、銅、鉛和鋅。 2 .有時(shí)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的過(guò)去分詞(a )和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中的現(xiàn)在分詞(b )也可以提前： a . Most frequented by tourists is the Ju yong guan section . 游人最多的是居庸關(guān)這一段。 Shown together with these products were models of steel works . 和這些產(chǎn)品一道展出還有鋼鐵廠的模型。 b . Lying on the floor was a boy aged about seventeen ? 躺在地板上的是一個(gè)年約十七歲的男孩。 Standing beside the table was an interpreter ? 站在桌旁的是一位口譯人員。 3 .在描寫(xiě)景像時(shí)，有時(shí)把狀語(yǔ)提前，同時(shí)把謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)前面，使句子更生動(dòng)： Following the roar , out rushed a tiger from among the bushes . 一聲吼叫，呼地從叢林中沖出一只老虎。 -------------------------------------------------------- 練習(xí)題與答案： 練習(xí)一：在下面句子中的復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)下劃線 1 . Among its products are farm machines and mining equipment. 2 . 0n either side were rows of fruit trees . 4 . Around the lake are farms with 57,000 workers . 5 . Nearby are houses built by th epeasants themselves . 6 . Especially popular are the musical and theatrical groups . 7 . Below is an example of typical business letter . 8 . Here is a difficulty for you to get over . 練習(xí)二：將下面倒裝句翻譯成中文： 1 . Holding the secretary's hand is the peasant's young daughters . 抓著秘書(shū)的手的是農(nóng)民的小女兒。 2 . Visiting Beijing were 300 Japanese students ? 訪問(wèn)北京的是300個(gè)日本學(xué)生嗎? 3 . Participating are experts from 46 countries . 參與的專(zhuān)家來(lái)自46個(gè)國(guó)家。 4 . Watching the performances were mostly foreign tourists . 觀看演出的幾乎都是外國(guó)游客。 張道真簡(jiǎn)明英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法第二十二章語(yǔ)序(194) .倒裝語(yǔ)序(2 ) 1 .以never , little , only , not only , nowhere , hardly , scarcely 等副詞引起的句子，常用倒裝語(yǔ)序： Never before had I shown it to anyone . 我從來(lái)沒(méi)拿給任何人看過(guò)。 Little did I realize what was upsetting him . 我完全沒(méi)意識(shí)到什么讓他不高興。 Only then could the work of reconstruction be seriously begain. 只有那時(shí)重建工作才能真正開(kāi)始。 Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily ? 不僅他說(shuō)得比較正確，也說(shuō)得比較不費(fèi)勁了。 Hardly had he entered the room when they started to ask him questions . 他剛進(jìn)屋，他們就開(kāi)始問(wèn)他問(wèn)題。 Scarcely had he gone out when it began to rain ? 他剛一出門(mén)就下起雨來(lái)。 Nowhere could I see him . 哪兒也見(jiàn)不到他。 No sonner had he gone to sleep than the telephone rang once more . 他剛睡著，電話鈴又響了。 2 .當(dāng)一個(gè)句子沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)而主語(yǔ)又比較長(zhǎng)，常可將狀語(yǔ)提到句子前去，有時(shí)把謂語(yǔ)又放到主語(yǔ)前面，開(kāi)始這類(lèi)句子的多為介詞短語(yǔ)： After the banqnet came a firework display in the garden . 在宴會(huì)之后，花園里又燃放了煙火。 (比較：A firework display came after the banquet . ) Before them lay miles of undulating moorland . 他們前面是一片高低起伏的荒原。 (比較：Miles of undulating moorland lay before them . ) 有時(shí)提前的也可能是一個(gè)副詞： Thus began the plunder of the country 5 wealth . 就這樣開(kāi)始了對(duì)這個(gè)國(guó)家財(cái)富的掠奪。 (比較：Thus the plunder of the country 5 wealth began . ) Soon came a new development that had far reaching effects . 不久有了一個(gè)新的發(fā)展，埠生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。 練習(xí)題及答案：在下面倒裝句的謂語(yǔ)部分下劃線： l . Never had Aladdin seen anyone 50 beautiful. 2 . Little does he care whether we live or die. 3 . Only in this way can the honour of the family be saved. 5 . Hardly had she arrived when she started complaining . 6 . Scarcely was he out of sight when they came . 7 . Nowhere have I seen so many beautiful houses . 8. Not once has she failed to keep her promise . 193 .倒裝語(yǔ)序(1 ) 陳述句大多數(shù)都是自然語(yǔ)序，只有在少數(shù)情況下用倒裝順序，如： 1.由there , here , then 等引起的句順有時(shí)用倒裝語(yǔ)序： There have been many such uprisings in our history . 我國(guó)歷史上發(fā)生過(guò)好些這樣的起義。 Here is China a largest tropical forest . 這離有中國(guó)最大的熱帶森林。 2.由so , neither , nor 等引起的句子后，多用倒裝語(yǔ)序： Maxim has told me so, and so has Frank . 馬克西姆曾這樣告訴我，佛蘭釉也曾這樣告訴我。 " Imhungry . " " soaml . " “我餓”“我也餓”。 I said no more. Neither did she . 我沒(méi)再說(shuō)什么，她也沒(méi)再說(shuō)什么。 I can't imagine. 我不能想像。 3.條件從句的it 省略時(shí)，句子也常常倒裝： Had I been in formed earlier , I could have done something . 要是早點(diǎn)告訴我，我也許能想點(diǎn)辦法。 Were she there , she might suppurt the motion . 假如她在那里，她或許會(huì)支持這項(xiàng)動(dòng)議。 Should anyone call , tell him to wait for me here . 萬(wàn)一有人找我，讓他在這里等我。 4.某些讓步從句，也可能用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 Come wha t may , we'll always stand by you . 不管發(fā)生什么情筒，我們都將站在你一邊。 Say what you will , I won't do that . 不管你怎么說(shuō)，我也不會(huì)這樣做。 5.在某些表示祝愿的句子中，也可能有倒裝語(yǔ)序： Long live the People's Republic of china ! 中華人民共和國(guó)萬(wàn)歲! May you have a safe journey. 祝一路平安。 -------------------------------------------- 練習(xí)及答案： 練習(xí)一：在下面的謂語(yǔ)部分劃線 1 . There has been no rain today . 1 . has been 2 . There sprang from the audience a cry of indignation. 2 . sprang 3 . Here are my replies to your questions. 3 . are 4 . "I like hard chairs . " " So do I . " 4. ( so ) do 5 . I don't know and neither do I care . 5 . ( neither ) do 6 . I didn t see it , and nor did you . 6 . (nor ) did 練習(xí)二：在下面的副詞子句下劃線 1 . Were I Tom , I would refuse . 1 . wereI Tom 2 . Were I in her place, I would think differently . 2 . do … think 3 . Should you require anything , just phone me . 3 . Should you require anything 4 . Had he known you were here , he would have come to see you . 4 . Had he know you were here 5 . Had I known, I would not have done that. 5 . Had I known, 6 . Say what you will, I won't change my mind. 6 . Say what you will 192 .自然語(yǔ)序和倒裝語(yǔ)序，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)有兩種順序，即： 1 )自然語(yǔ)序(Natural order ) ― 即主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)在后，這和漢語(yǔ)的順序大體上是一致的，陳述句、'涼嘆句等多數(shù)是自然語(yǔ)序： I have a bad pain in my back . 我的背疼得厲害。 Scientists divide animals , plants and rocks into classes . 科學(xué)家把動(dòng)物、植物和巖石分成若干類(lèi)。 Oh , how my heart beat !啊，我的心跳得這么厲害! What a lot of photographs you'veve got! 你的照片真多! 2 )倒裝語(yǔ)序(Inverted order ) ― 即謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)前面，多數(shù)疑問(wèn)句和一部分陳述句使用這種語(yǔ)序： Here is a registered letter . 這兒有你一封掛號(hào)信。 In came a man with a white beard . 忽然進(jìn)來(lái)一個(gè)白胡子老頭。 倒裝語(yǔ)序又可分為兩種： 1 )全部倒裝(Full Invertion ) ― 即整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)前面： Here come the train .火車(chē)來(lái)了。 Away went the runner .賽跑的人出發(fā)了。 2 )部分倒裝(Partial Invension ) ― 只將謂語(yǔ)的一部分放在主語(yǔ)前面： How do you spell that word ?那個(gè)字怎樣講? lsn t it wonderful !這多好呀! 疑問(wèn)句大部分是倒裝語(yǔ)序： How are you getting along ?你們相處得怎樣? Do you know her telephone number ?你知道她的電話號(hào)碼嗎? 15 she leaving today or tomorrow ?她今天動(dòng)身還是明天動(dòng)身? You enjoy your work , don t you ?你喜歡你的工作對(duì)吧? 如果主語(yǔ)是由疑問(wèn)詞表示的或修飾的，它就放在謂語(yǔ)前面： Who invented the televi , ion ?電視是誰(shuí)發(fā)明的? Which side won the match ?哪邊賽贏了? 在個(gè)別情況下，陳述句改為問(wèn)句(Do you know him ? ) ，這時(shí)就用自然語(yǔ)序。 練習(xí)及答案：在下面句子中的謂語(yǔ)下劃線 1 . There goes the bell . 1 . goes 2 . Down fell a dozen apples . 2 . fell 3 . Round and round flew the plane . 3 . flew 4 . Out sprang the cuckoo ? 4 . Sprang 5 . In the door way stood a man with a gun . 5 . stood 6 . Over the wall came a shower of stones . 6 . came 7 . Where shall we meet ? 7 . Shall … meet 8 . Does she major in English ? 8 . Does … major 第二十一章 獨(dú)立成分 插入語(yǔ) 所屬教程:張道真簡(jiǎn)明英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法瀏覽:376Lisa2015年03月27日隨身學(xué) 191 .插入語(yǔ) 1 .最常見(jiàn)的插入語(yǔ)是下面這類(lèi)，可放在句子末尾(a ) ，也可能在句子中間(b ) : a . 插入語(yǔ)放在句子末尾 What will be a good beginning, I hope . 希望這是一個(gè)良好的開(kāi)端。 We'll have to book our tickets in advance, I'm afraid . 我看我們得提前訂票。 Her performance was wonderful, don't you think ? 她的演出很出色，你覺(jué)得吧? We went there for our honeymoon, you know . 我們到那里是去度蜜月，你知道。 b . 插入語(yǔ)放在句子中間 The play, I think, was both interesting and instructive . 這個(gè)戲我覺(jué)得既有趣又教詠人。 The trees there, it ssaid, are mostly, over thirty feet tall . 據(jù)說(shuō)那里的樹(shù)多數(shù)都有三丈多高。 The first part, it seems, 15 better written than the other parts . 第一部分似乎比其他部分寫(xiě)得都好。 This, you know, is just my personal opinion . 這你知道只是我的個(gè)人看法。 2 .有些詞或短詞可插在句子(特別是問(wèn)句)中去，不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)： What on earth are you fussing about ? 什么事你這樣大驚小怪? I wonder where the devil my slippers are ? 真怪，我的拖鞋到哪里去了? Who hell are you ? 你他媽的是誰(shuí)? 這種插入語(yǔ)主要用來(lái)加重語(yǔ)氣，去掉后句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然是完整的。 3 .另外在下面這類(lèi)句子中似乎也插入了一個(gè)成分： We have been waiting for you for heaven knows how long . (比較：Heavens knows how long we have been waiting for you . ) 我們一勁兒等著，天知道我們等了多久。 不過(guò)這種插入的部分不宜拿掉。 -------------------------------------------------------- 練習(xí)題及答案： 練習(xí)一：在下面句子的插入語(yǔ)下面劃線 1 . Your family are quite well, I hope . 1 . I hope 2 . You don't mind my smoking, I suppose . 2 . I suppose 3 . It must cost a good deal to live here, don't you think ? 3 . don't you think 5 . Never trained that way, you see . 5 . you see 6 . Soon this would be behind us, she said . 6 . she said 7 . What's the meaning of all that, he asked . 7 . he asked 8 . Why did she do that, he wondered . 8 . he wondered 9 . I'm not much of a dancer, I'm afraid . 9 . I'm afraid 10 . That, I think, is the only answer for the question . 10 . I think 11 . Your explanation, I'm afaid, isn't very convincing . 11 . I'm afraid 12 . Your mother, I guess will be too busy to do that . 12 . I guess 練習(xí)二：在下面句子插入的詞下劃線: 1 . What on earth do you mean ? 1 . on earth 2 . What the devil happened ? 2 . the devil 3 . What the hell do you want ? 3 . the hell 4 . What, in the name of goodness, does all thismean ? 4 . in the name of goodness 5 . He got the news from nobody knows where . 5 . nobody knows 6 . The temple disappeared no one remembers when . 6 . no one remembers 7 . There were twelve people present, to beprecise . 7 . to beprecise 190 .獨(dú)立成分的類(lèi)型，獨(dú)立成分(the Independent Element )是指與句子其他成分沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法關(guān)系的單詞、短語(yǔ)或從句，主要有下面幾類(lèi)： 1. 感嘆詞(Interjection ) ― 常表示說(shuō)話人當(dāng)時(shí)的情緒，如驚奇、恐懼、’懊惱，高興等，也可用來(lái)打招呼： 1. Ah!please don t ask me any more ，啊，求你不要再問(wèn)我了。(痛苦) 2. Ah!So you are back now .啊，你回來(lái)了。(高興) 3. Well, here we are at last !好了，我們到底到了!(快樂(lè)) 4. God! Why should you be 50 stubborn !天啦，你怎么這樣固執(zhí)!(不耐) 5. My goodness ! How could you work so fast ! 我的天!你怎么千得這么快!(驚奇) 6. Hello! How are you ? 嘿，你好?(打招呼) 2 .呼語(yǔ)(Direct Address ) ― 是對(duì)聽(tīng)話人的直接稱(chēng)呼： 1. Come in and take a seat ，Mr Black. 布萊克先生，進(jìn)來(lái)請(qǐng)坐。 2. Be quiet ，children . 孩子們，安靜點(diǎn)。 3. Somebod go and retch a pail of water . 誰(shuí)去打一桶水來(lái)。 4. Xiao yang, what do you have on your mind ? 小揚(yáng)，你有什么心思? 5.Henry，how are you at languages ? 亨利，你學(xué)語(yǔ)言的情況如何? 3 .插入語(yǔ)(Parenthesis ) ― 插在句末或句子中間的成分： 1. What is it, you think? 你認(rèn)為這是什么呢? 2. This, I think, is the only way out of the difficulty. 這個(gè)我想是擺脫困難的唯一辦法。 3. What on earth is wrong with you, Jessica?杰希嘉，你怎么回事? 它們一般都用逗號(hào)和句子的其他部分隔開(kāi)。 ------------------------------------------------------- 練習(xí)及答案：在下面感嘆詞下面劃線 1. Oh ! It's too late already ! 2. Oh ! I have never heard of such things before! 3. Well, what shall we do next ? 4. Dear me, I didn't know you were so sharp tongued. 5. O Lord ! Cabbage grow that big ? 6. Heavens, I must be pregnant. 7. My goodness, it shot today ! 8. Goodness me! What a dirty dress! 9. Oh, goodness, what's happened ? 10. Lord, what's wrong with her ? 11. How should we answer this question ?Why, that's simple 12. His mother, alas, isn't out of danger yet. 13. Aha, sp that's where she hides her money. 14. Hey, come and look at this ! 15. Oh, hi, Olivia. Come on in ? 16. Ouch ! That hurt ! 17. We've done it ! Hurray ! 答案：1. oh 2. ah 3. well 4. Dear me 5. O Lord 6. Heavens 7. my goodness 8. Goodness me 9. Oh, goodness l0. Lord 11. Why 12 Alas 13. aha 14. Hey 15. Oh, hi 16. Ouch 17. harray |
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來(lái)自： 貴王當(dāng) > 《待分類(lèi)》
