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SSM框架整合（IntelliJ IDEA + maven + Spring + SpringMVC + MyBatis）

 春和秋榮 2019-05-13

本篇文章主要內(nèi)容是介紹如何使用IntelliJ IDEA創(chuàng)建Spring + SpringMVC + MyBatis項(xiàng)目，下面會(huì)給出項(xiàng)目搭建的詳細(xì)步驟以及相關(guān)的配置文件。

1. 創(chuàng)建maven項(xiàng)目


1.1  File -> New Module，進(jìn)入創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目窗口。


1.2  點(diǎn)擊Next，填寫GroupId、ArtifactId和Version


1.3  接著下一步，這里需要注在Properties中添加一個(gè)參數(shù) archetypeCatalog=internal，不加這個(gè)參數(shù)，在maven生成骨架的時(shí)候?qū)?huì)非常慢，有時(shí)候直接卡住。來(lái)自網(wǎng)上的解釋：
archetypeCatalog表示插件使用的archetype元數(shù)據(jù)，不加這個(gè)參數(shù)時(shí)默認(rèn)為remote，local，即中央倉(cāng)庫(kù)archetype元數(shù)據(jù)，由于中央
倉(cāng)庫(kù)的archetype太多了所以導(dǎo)致很慢，指定internal來(lái)表示僅使用內(nèi)部元數(shù)據(jù)。



1.4  填寫Module name


1.5  生成maven的項(xiàng)目骨架之后，我們還需要手動(dòng)在 src/main 下創(chuàng)建 java目錄?，F(xiàn)在可以直接編寫了，我把項(xiàng)目所需要的文件都編寫完成之后，項(xiàng)目的工程結(jié)構(gòu)如圖。

      到此為止，項(xiàng)目的框架基本搭建完成，下面重點(diǎn)說(shuō)一下項(xiàng)目的配置文件



2.  項(xiàng)目配置文件


 2.1   這里使用maven來(lái)引入項(xiàng)目所需要的jar包，所以也就不需要手動(dòng)來(lái)管理jar包了。

pom.xml

  1. <project xmlns="http://maven./POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  2.   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven./POM/4.0.0 http://maven./maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  3.   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  4.   <groupId>com.heitian.web</groupId>
  5.   <artifactId>web-ssm</artifactId>
  6.   <packaging>war</packaging>
  7.   <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  8.   <name>web-ssm Maven Webapp</name>
  9.   <url>http://maven.</url>
  10.   <properties>
  11.     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  12.     <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  14.     <!-- spring版本號(hào) -->
  15.     <spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
  17.     <!-- mybatis版本號(hào) -->
  18.     <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
  20.     <!-- mysql驅(qū)動(dòng)版本號(hào) -->
  21.     <mysql-driver.version>5.1.29</mysql-driver.version>
  23.     <!-- log4j日志包版本號(hào) -->
  24.     <slf4j.version>1.7.18</slf4j.version>
  25.     <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
  27.   </properties>
  30.   <dependencies>
  31.     <!-- 添加jstl依賴 -->
  32.     <dependency>
  33.       <groupId>jstl</groupId>
  34.       <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
  35.       <version>1.2</version>
  36.     </dependency>
  38.     <dependency>
  39.       <groupId>javax</groupId>
  40.       <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
  41.       <version>7.0</version>
  42.     </dependency>
  44.     <!-- 添加junit4依賴 -->
  45.     <dependency>
  46.       <groupId>junit</groupId>
  47.       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  48.       <version>4.11</version>
  49.       <!-- 指定范圍，在測(cè)試時(shí)才會(huì)加載 -->
  50.       <scope>test</scope>
  51.     </dependency>
  53.     <!-- 添加spring核心依賴 -->
  54.     <dependency>
  55.       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  56.       <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
  57.       <version>${spring.version}</version>
  58.     </dependency>
  59.     <dependency>
  60.       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  61.       <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
  62.       <version>${spring.version}</version>
  63.     </dependency>
  64.     <dependency>
  65.       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  66.       <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
  67.       <version>${spring.version}</version>
  68.     </dependency>
  69.     <dependency>
  70.       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  71.       <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
  72.       <version>${spring.version}</version>
  73.     </dependency>
  74.     <dependency>
  75.       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  76.       <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
  77.       <version>${spring.version}</version>
  78.     </dependency>
  79.     <dependency>
  80.       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  81.       <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  82.       <version>${spring.version}</version>
  83.     </dependency>
  84.     <dependency>
  85.       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  86.       <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
  87.       <version>${spring.version}</version>
  88.     </dependency>
  89.     <dependency>
  90.       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  91.       <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
  92.       <version>${spring.version}</version>
  93.     </dependency>
  94.     <dependency>
  95.       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  96.       <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
  97.       <version>${spring.version}</version>
  98.     </dependency>
  100.     <dependency>
  101.       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  102.       <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
  103.       <version>${spring.version}</version>
  104.     </dependency>
  106.     <!-- 添加mybatis依賴 -->
  107.     <dependency>
  108.       <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
  109.       <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
  110.       <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
  111.     </dependency>
  113.     <!-- 添加mybatis/spring整合包依賴 -->
  114.     <dependency>
  115.       <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
  116.       <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
  117.       <version>1.2.2</version>
  118.     </dependency>
  120.     <!-- 添加mysql驅(qū)動(dòng)依賴 -->
  121.     <dependency>
  122.       <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  123.       <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  124.       <version>${mysql-driver.version}</version>
  125.     </dependency>
  126.     <!-- 添加數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接池依賴 -->
  127.     <dependency>
  128.       <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
  129.       <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
  130.       <version>1.2.2</version>
  131.     </dependency>
  133.     <!-- 添加fastjson -->
  134.     <dependency>
  135.       <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
  136.       <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
  137.       <version>1.1.41</version>
  138.     </dependency>
  140.     <!-- 添加日志相關(guān)jar包 -->
  141.     <dependency>
  142.       <groupId>log4j</groupId>
  143.       <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
  144.       <version>${log4j.version}</version>
  145.     </dependency>
  146.     <dependency>
  147.       <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  148.       <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
  149.       <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
  150.     </dependency>
  151.     <dependency>
  152.       <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  153.       <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
  154.       <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
  155.     </dependency>
  157.     <!-- log end -->
  158.     <!-- 映入JSON -->
  159.     <dependency>
  160.       <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
  161.       <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
  162.       <version>1.9.13</version>
  163.     </dependency>
  164.     <!-- https:///artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
  165.     <dependency>
  166.       <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  167.       <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
  168.       <version>2.8.0</version>
  169.     </dependency>
  170.     <!-- https:///artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
  171.     <dependency>
  172.       <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  173.       <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
  174.       <version>2.8.0</version>
  175.     </dependency>
  177.     <dependency>
  178.       <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
  179.       <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
  180.       <version>1.3.1</version>
  181.     </dependency>
  183.     <dependency>
  184.       <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
  185.       <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
  186.       <version>2.4</version>
  187.     </dependency>
  189.     <dependency>
  190.       <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
  191.       <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
  192.       <version>1.9</version>
  193.     </dependency>
  194.   </dependencies>
  196.   <build>
  197.     <finalName>web-ssm</finalName>
  198.   </build>
  199. </project>



2.2   新建jdbc.properties文件

jdbc.properties

  1. driverClasss=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  2. jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
  3. username=root
  4. password=root
  6. #定義初始連接數(shù)
  7. initialSize=0
  8. #定義最大連接數(shù)
  9. maxActive=20
  10. #定義最大空閑
  11. maxIdle=20
  12. #定義最小空閑
  13. minIdle=1
  14. #定義最長(zhǎng)等待時(shí)間
  15. maxWait=60000


2.3  新建log4j 配置文件

log4j.properties

  1. log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
  3. #控制臺(tái)日志
  4. log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
  5. log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
  6. log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
  7. log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%t][%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%C] - %m%n
  9. #普通文件日志
  10. log4j.appender.File=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
  11. log4j.appender.File.File=logs/ssm.log
  12. log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize=10MB
  13. #輸出日志，如果換成DEBUG表示輸出DEBUG以上級(jí)別日志
  14. log4j.appender.File.Threshold=ALL
  15. log4j.appender.File.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
  16. log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%t][%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%C] - %m%n


2.4  新建springmvc配置文件

spring-mvc.xml

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <beans xmlns="http://www./schema/beans"
  3.        xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www./schema/p"
  4.        xmlns:context="http://www./schema/context"
  5.        xmlns:mvc="http://www./schema/mvc"
  6.        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www./schema/beans
  7.                         http://www./schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
  8.                         http://www./schema/context
  9.                         http://www./schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
  10.                         http://www./schema/mvc
  11.                         http://www./schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
  13.     <!-- 自動(dòng)掃描  @Controller-->
  14.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.heitian.ssm.controller"/>
  16.     <!--避免IE執(zhí)行AJAX時(shí)，返回JSON出現(xiàn)下載文件 -->
  17.     <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
  18.           class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
  19.         <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
  20.             <list>
  21.                 <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
  22.             </list>
  23.         </property>
  24.     </bean>
  25.     <!-- 啟動(dòng)SpringMVC的注解功能，完成請(qǐng)求和注解POJO的映射 -->
  26.     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
  27.         <property name="messageConverters">
  28.             <list>
  29.                 <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/> <!-- JSON轉(zhuǎn)換器 -->
  30.             </list>
  31.         </property>
  32.     </bean>
  35.     <!-- 定義跳轉(zhuǎn)的文件的前后綴 ，視圖模式配置 -->
  36.     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
  37.         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
  38.         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
  39.     </bean>
  41.     <!-- 文件上傳配置 -->
  42.     <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
  43.         <!-- 默認(rèn)編碼 -->
  44.         <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
  45.         <!-- 上傳文件大小限制為31M，31*1024*1024 -->
  46.         <property name="maxUploadSize" value="32505856"/>
  47.         <!-- 內(nèi)存中的最大值 -->
  48.         <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="4096"/>
  49.     </bean>
  50. </beans>


2.5  新建spring和mybatis整合所需的配置文件

spring-mybatis.xml 

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <beans xmlns="http://www./schema/beans"
  3.        xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4.        xmlns:context="http://www./schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www./schema/tx"
  5.        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www./schema/beans
  6.                         http://www./schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
  7.                         http://www./schema/context
  8.                         http://www./schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
  9.                         http://www./schema/tx
  10.                         http://www./schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
  12.     <!-- 自動(dòng)掃描 -->
  13.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.heitian.ssm"/>
  15.     <!-- 第一種方式：加載一個(gè)properties文件 -->
  16.     <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
  17.         <property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
  18.     </bean>
  21.     <!-- 第二種方式：加載多個(gè)properties文件
  22.     <bean id="configProperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
  23.         <property name="locations">
  24.             <list>
  25.                 <value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
  26.                 <value>classpath:common.properties</value>
  27.             </list>
  28.         </property>
  29.         <property name="fileEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
  30.     </bean>
  31.     <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer">
  32.         <property name="properties" ref="configProperties"/>
  33.     </bean>
  34.     -->
  36.     <!-- 配置數(shù)據(jù)源 -->
  37.     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
  38.           destroy-method="close">
  39.         <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClasss}"/>
  40.         <property name="url" value="${jdbcUrl}"/>
  41.         <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
  42.         <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
  43.         <!-- 初始化連接大小 -->
  44.         <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
  45.         <!-- 連接池最大數(shù)量 -->
  46.         <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
  47.         <!-- 連接池最大空閑 -->
  48.         <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
  49.         <!-- 連接池最小空閑 -->
  50.         <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
  51.         <!-- 獲取連接最大等待時(shí)間 -->
  52.         <property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
  53.     </bean>
  55.     <!-- mybatis和spring完美整合，不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
  56.     <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
  57.         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
  58.         <!-- 自動(dòng)掃描mapping.xml文件 -->
  59.         <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapping/*.xml"></property>
  60.     </bean>
  62.     <!-- DAO接口所在包名，Spring會(huì)自動(dòng)查找其下的類 -->
  63.     <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
  64.         <property name="basePackage" value="com.heitian.ssm.dao"/>
  65.         <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
  66.     </bean>
  69.     <!-- (事務(wù)管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
  70.     <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
  71.         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
  72.     </bean>
  74.     <!-- (事務(wù)管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
  75.     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
  76. </beans>


2.6  web.xml配置文件

web.xml

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <web-app xmlns="http://java./xml/ns/javaee"
  3.          xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4.          xsi:schemaLocation="http://java./xml/ns/javaee
  5. 		  http://java./xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
  6.          version="3.0">
  8.     <display-name>web-ssm</display-name>
  10.     <context-param>
  11.         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  12.         <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
  13.     </context-param>
  15.     <context-param>
  16.         <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
  17.         <param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value>
  18.     </context-param>
  20.     <!-- 編碼過(guò)濾器 -->
  21.     <filter>
  22.         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
  23.         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  24.         <init-param>
  25.             <param-name>encoding</param-name>
  26.             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  27.         </init-param>
  28.     </filter>
  29.     <filter-mapping>
  30.         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
  31.         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  32.     </filter-mapping>
  34.     <!-- spring監(jiān)聽(tīng)器 -->
  35.     <listener>
  36.         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  37.     </listener>
  39.     <!-- 防止spring內(nèi)存溢出監(jiān)聽(tīng)器，比如quartz -->
  40.     <listener>
  41.         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
  42.     </listener>
  45.     <!-- spring mvc servlet-->
  46.     <servlet>
  47.         <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
  48.         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  49.         <init-param>
  50.             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  51.             <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
  52.         </init-param>
  53.         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  54.         <async-supported>true</async-supported>
  55.     </servlet>
  56.     <servlet-mapping>
  57.         <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
  58.         <!-- 此處也可以配置成 *.do 形式 -->
  59.         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  60.     </servlet-mapping>
  62.     <welcome-file-list>
  63.         <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
  64.     </welcome-file-list>
  66.     <!-- session配置 -->
  67.     <session-config>
  68.         <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
  69.     </session-config>
  71. </web-app>



3.  項(xiàng)目配置和部署


3.1   File -> Project Structure，進(jìn)入創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目配置窗口。



3.2  創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Tomcat容器實(shí)例，并把項(xiàng)目部署進(jìn)去

    

3.3  項(xiàng)目所需配置好項(xiàng)目訪問(wèn)的根路徑，然后啟動(dòng)Tomcat。




3.4  在瀏覽器地址欄中輸入：http://localhost:8080/web-ssm/user/showUser

 

3.5  項(xiàng)目所需看到圖中顯示效果，則表示項(xiàng)目搭建成功。

4.  值得注意的地方


搭建好項(xiàng)目的框架之后，啟動(dòng)Tomcat，如果訪問(wèn) http://localhost:8080/user/showUser 出現(xiàn)如下錯(cuò)誤：



出現(xiàn)這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤是因?yàn)樯倭艘蕾嚨膉ar包，只要在pom文件中添加如下依賴即可。
  1. <!-- https:///artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
  2.     <dependency>
  3.       <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  4.       <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
  5.       <version>2.8.0</version>
  6.     </dependency>
  7.     <!-- https:///artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
  8.     <dependency>
  9.       <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  10.       <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
  11.       <version>2.8.0</version>
  12.     </dependency>


5. 項(xiàng)目下載地址


  項(xiàng)目下載的地址為：http://download.csdn.net/detail/gallenzhang/9580035

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