2018年高考題 【2018·北京】3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意:沿著絲綢之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的經(jīng)歷?!癬___ along the old Silk Road”做主語(yǔ),要用動(dòng)名詞,故B選項(xiàng)正確。 【2018·北京】10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A. used B. to use C. using D. use 【答案】A 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:如果正確使用的話(huà),普通的肥皂可以有效地處理細(xì)菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句,_________ correctly是條件狀語(yǔ),修飾ordinary soap,ordinary soap和use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故要用過(guò)去分詞,A選項(xiàng)正確。 【2018·天津】12. I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it. A. to eat;to try B. eating;trying C. eating;to try D. to eat;trying 【答案】D 【解析】考查短語(yǔ)固定搭配。句意:我不打算吃任何東西,但冰淇淋看起來(lái)如此的好以至于我忍不住的要試一試。固定短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)mean to do(打算做),couldn’t help doing忍不住做。故選D。 【2018·天津】7. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________. A. taking B. taken C. being taken D. take 【答案】B 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:我需要一個(gè)新護(hù)照,所以我將不得不拍照片。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)my photograph與補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。C項(xiàng)表示正在進(jìn)行。故選B。 【2018·江蘇】26. Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts. A. having exceeded B. to exceed C. exceeded D. exceeding 【答案】D 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:在這期間,大約創(chuàng)造13,500個(gè)新的工作,超過(guò)市場(chǎng)分析師持有的12,000的預(yù)期數(shù)量。分析全句可知,這里指前一件事情所帶來(lái)自然而然的結(jié)果,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故選D。 2017年高考題 【2017·天津卷】14. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be treated. A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed 【答案】B 【解析】 試題分析:句意:近期這個(gè)醫(yī)院購(gòu)進(jìn)了新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備,允許更多的病人被治療。前句購(gòu)進(jìn)醫(yī)療設(shè)備和后面允許更多的病人被治療之間是必然的結(jié)果關(guān)系,用doing即現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),表示順理成章的結(jié)果。A. being allowed 表示被動(dòng)且正在進(jìn)行 C. having allowed 強(qiáng)調(diào)先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生 D. allowed 表示被動(dòng)且完成,故選B。 【2017·江蘇卷】21. Many Chinese brands, _______ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing 【答案】A 【解析】 試題分析:考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。brands是邏輯主語(yǔ),和develop是主謂關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞,表示伴隨狀 況;再根據(jù)“over centuries”可知,應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,故選A。句意:許多中國(guó)品牌,享譽(yù)數(shù)百 年,現(xiàn)在正面臨著來(lái)自現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)的新挑戰(zhàn)。 【2017·北京卷】27. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time. A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved 【答案】C 試題分析:句意:許多航空公司現(xiàn)在允許乘客網(wǎng)上打印他們的登機(jī)牌來(lái)節(jié)省時(shí)間。此處是動(dòng)詞不定式表目的,故選C。 【2017·北京卷】32. Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students. A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent 【答案】D 試題分析:句意:Jim已經(jīng)退休了,但是他依然記得和學(xué)生一起度過(guò)的快樂(lè)時(shí)光。句子已經(jīng)有了謂語(yǔ),空格只能填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,邏輯主語(yǔ)是time,和spend之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞spent。 考點(diǎn):考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 2016年高考題 【2016·天津】4. The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary. A. making B. to make C. made D. being made 【答案】A 【解析】 試題分析:句意:冷風(fēng)從我們臥室的窗戶(hù)吹進(jìn)來(lái),使得沒(méi)有必要開(kāi)空調(diào)了。前面的事情造成后面的結(jié)果,用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),表示順理成章的結(jié)果。不定式也可以作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),但是那是預(yù)料不到的結(jié)果。故選A。 6.【2016·浙江】10.To return to the problem of water pollution , I'd like you to look at a study _______ in Australia in 2012. A. having conducted B. to be conducted C. conducting D. conducted 【答案】D 【解析】 試題分析:句意:為了回到水污染的問(wèn)題,我想要你研究一下2012年澳大利亞進(jìn)行的研究。使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ),study和conduct是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。B項(xiàng)也表示被動(dòng),但是不定式的被動(dòng),表示將要發(fā)生的事情。故選D。 【2016·浙江】19. I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students. A. working B. work C. to work D. worked 【答案】A 【解析】 試題分析:句意:我在海上航行和現(xiàn)在和學(xué)生一起一樣快樂(lè)。使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ),I和work是主謂關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選A。 2015年高考題 【2015·北京】21._____the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. A.Catching B.Caught. C.To catch D.Catch 【答案】C 【解析】 試題分析:句意:為了趕上早班的飛機(jī),我們提前叫了出租車(chē)并且起得很早。這里邏輯主語(yǔ)是we,空中用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),表示提前交出租車(chē)并且早起的目的。故選C。 【2015·北京】23.The park was full of people,____themselves in the sunshine. A.having enjoyed B.enjoyed C.enjoying D.to enjoy 【答案】C 【解析】 試題分析:句意:這個(gè)公園充滿(mǎn)了人,在陽(yáng)光下他們玩的很盡興。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本題非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)為people,人們玩得開(kāi)心為主動(dòng)的,因此排除B選項(xiàng);D to enjoy 不定式表示動(dòng)作未發(fā)生,由題干可知,是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,因此排除D選項(xiàng);A having enjoyed 為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式,一定要發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前,根據(jù)題意,不符合。故選C。 【2015·北京】31.If ___for the job, you’ll be informed soon. A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted 【答案】D 【解析】 試題分析:句意:如果錄用你了,我們將很快通知你。本句條件狀語(yǔ)從句中省略了主語(yǔ)you,與accept構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用過(guò)去分詞accepted。故選D。 【2015·重慶】6. ____ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star. A. Being raised B. Raising C. Raised D. To raise 【答案】C 【解析】 試題分析:句意:他在格拉斯哥最窮的地方長(zhǎng)大,要想成為足球明星還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。根據(jù)句意可知raise這個(gè)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是he,他在這個(gè)地方長(zhǎng)大,兩者之間是主謂關(guān)系,故選C項(xiàng)。 【2015·重慶】11. Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way____ the sun and the stars. A. used B. having used C. using D. use 【答案】C 【解析】 試題分析:句意:象古代的水手,鳥(niǎo)能利用太陽(yáng)和星辰來(lái)找到他們的路。Using是伴隨狀語(yǔ)。選C。 【2015·浙江】18. Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it live is quite another. A. perform B. performing C. to perform D. being performed 【答案】D 【解析】 試題分析:句意:在家里面聽(tīng)音樂(lè)是一回事,去到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)聽(tīng)又是另一回事。hear sb/sth doing 表聽(tīng)到某人某物做某事。由于音樂(lè)是被演奏的,所以需要被動(dòng),所以選D。分析4個(gè)選項(xiàng)知道,答案所使用的是同一個(gè)動(dòng)詞,不同的是時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)或者是非謂語(yǔ)形式。A是動(dòng)詞原形,B是非謂語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞形式,C是非謂語(yǔ)的不定式,D是非謂語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)形式。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及用法,不難知道音樂(lè)是被演奏的,所以需要被動(dòng),所以選D。 2014年高考題 【2014·全國(guó)大綱卷】33. ______me tomorrow and I will let you know the lab result. A. Calling B. Call C. To call D. Having called 【答案】B 【解析】 試題分析:考查動(dòng)詞的正確形式。句意:明天給我打電話(huà),我會(huì)告訴你實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果。此句是祈使句,故用動(dòng)詞原形。選B。 【2014·重慶卷】5. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras _______ to our shop for quality problems. A. returning B. returned C. to return D. to be returned 【答案】B 【解析】 試題分析:本題意為:廠(chǎng)商定期回收因質(zhì)量問(wèn)題退回來(lái)的相機(jī)。camera是“退回”的承受者,應(yīng)使用過(guò)去分詞。A、C兩項(xiàng)語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤;D項(xiàng)表“未來(lái)”,時(shí)態(tài)不合語(yǔ)境。故本題選擇B項(xiàng)。 【2014·重慶卷】11. Group activities will be organized after class _______ children develop team spirit. A. helping B. having helped C. helped D. to help 【答案】D 【解析】 試題分析:題意:將組織各種團(tuán)體活動(dòng)以幫助兒童培養(yǎng)團(tuán)隊(duì)精神。培養(yǎng)團(tuán)隊(duì)精神是組織課外團(tuán)體活動(dòng)的目的。英語(yǔ)中表示“目的”時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)使用動(dòng)詞不定式。故本題選擇D項(xiàng)。 【2014·北京卷】35.The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______. A. recognizing B. being recognized C. having recognized D. having been recognized 【答案】B 【解析】 試題分析:本題考查動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。句意:那位電影明星戴上墨鏡。所以,他去買(mǎi)東西不會(huì)被認(rèn)出來(lái)。根據(jù)題中的介詞without判斷,此后應(yīng)該使用動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)名詞形式,由于他是被人認(rèn)出的,所以應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式,所以選B。 【2014·北京卷】28. There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. A. solving B. solved C. being solved D.to be solved 【答案】D 【解析】 試題分析:本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,考查方式為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式選擇。根據(jù)題干信息,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在這里做定語(yǔ),限定“要去解決的問(wèn)題”。根據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)的規(guī)則,現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)和正在發(fā)生,過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)或完成,而不定式表示將要發(fā)生,所以選D。 【2014·北京卷】24. __ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. A. Observe B. To observe C. Observed D. Observing 【答案】A 【解析】 試題分析:本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞??疾榉绞綖樽R(shí)別是否適用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上下文可知,后面提供了兩個(gè)從句,一個(gè)為條件狀語(yǔ)從句、另一個(gè)為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略句,由此可知,在某條件下和某時(shí)間,建議某人做某事。因此,應(yīng)該選擇動(dòng)詞原形,引起的是祈使句。所以,本題選A。 【2014·天津卷】7. Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. A. writing B. to write C. written D. being written 【答案】C 【解析】 試題分析:句意:這本書(shū)寫(xiě)得既清楚又完整,該書(shū)激勵(lì)了那些希望尋求自己的答案的學(xué)生的自信心。Clearly and thoroughly 是副詞,writing是動(dòng)詞的-ing形式,表示與主語(yǔ)book是主動(dòng)關(guān)系;to write是動(dòng)詞不定式,表將來(lái)和目的;written是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式,表示與主語(yǔ)book是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,選C。 【2014·天津卷】5. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________ it didn’t fit A. to find B. found C. finding D. having found 【答案】A 【解析】 試題分析:句意:她焦急地從包里拿出裙子試穿,結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)不合身。only +動(dòng)詞不定式,表示意想不到的結(jié)果。found是過(guò)去分詞,常常表示被動(dòng)和完成的含義;finding是現(xiàn)在分詞,常常表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行;having found 是-ing的完成式,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在先。 【2014·山東卷】6. There is a note pinned to the door______ when the shop will open again. A. saying B. says C. said D. having said 【答案】A 【解析】 試題分析:在這個(gè)句子中note和say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以要用saying。此處saying引導(dǎo)的句子做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。句意為:門(mén)上釘著張紙條,寫(xiě)著這家商店什么時(shí)候再營(yíng)業(yè)。故答案選A。 【2014·四川卷】5. The manager was satisfied to see many new products ______ after great effort. A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D. develop 【答案】C 【解析】 試題分析:分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處是“see +賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),動(dòng)詞develop和賓語(yǔ)之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用過(guò)去分詞,故答案選C。句意:經(jīng)理很滿(mǎn)意得看到經(jīng)過(guò)努力后許多新產(chǎn)品被研制了出來(lái)。 【2014·福建卷】30. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying________. A. connected B. connecting C. to connect D. to be connected 【答案】A 【解析】 試題分析:“個(gè)人電腦和手機(jī)”與“聯(lián)系”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞,所以選A。句意:對(duì)于那些遠(yuǎn)離家人的人來(lái)說(shuō),個(gè)人電腦和電話(huà)在與家人保持聯(lián)絡(luò)方面起著很重要的作用。Stay是系動(dòng)詞,用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度 |
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