一般將來(lái)時(shí):用以描述將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,或存在的狀態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)靈活多變例:1. 表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),通常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(e.g. tomorrow, next week, in the future等)。如: We(第一人稱(chēng)) shall have a lot of rain next month. My husband will come back in a few days. 2. 表示傾向性和習(xí)慣性: Fish will die without water. When it gets warmer, the snow will start to melt. 3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的幾種句式結(jié)構(gòu)辨析: (1) will / shall + 動(dòng)詞原形 多用于表達(dá)主觀(guān)愿望或必定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情('將會(huì)如何') *shall作助動(dòng)詞時(shí)一般只用于第一人稱(chēng) (2) be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形(be going to 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞,與后面的動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)) 表示即將發(fā)生或打算要做的事: It is going to rain.馬上要下雨了 We are going to have a meeting today.我們今天將有一場(chǎng)會(huì)議 注意事項(xiàng):there be 句型用be going to形式表將,意為'將有……'時(shí),to后面的be時(shí)there be句式中的be,不能用have。而be going to 中的be有人稱(chēng),時(shí)態(tài),數(shù)量的變化 例:there is going to be a film this evening.今晚有一場(chǎng)電影 3) be to + 動(dòng)詞原形 表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作: He is to visit Japan next year. We are to discuss the report on Monday. 4) be about to + 動(dòng)詞原形 表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,意為'馬上要做某事',后面一般不跟時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如: The plane is about to start. Don't worry. I am about to make a close examination on you. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):表現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有now,this days,等 要點(diǎn)形式:be + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞 1. 表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作: Listen! The birds are singing in the tree. 聽(tīng),鳥(niǎo)兒正在樹(shù)上唱歌! Who are you waiting for? 你正在等誰(shuí)呢? It is raining hard. 雨下的很大 2. 表示現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行): I hear Mr. Green is writing another novel. 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)格林先生正在寫(xiě)另一部小說(shuō) We are studying pianos this days. 我們最近在學(xué)鋼琴 3. 表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,往往包含說(shuō)話(huà)者贊揚(yáng)、責(zé)備、厭惡等情緒,通常與always, constantly, continually, forever等頻度副詞連用。如: John is forever asking silly questions like a stupid. 約翰總是問(wèn)一些傻瓜式的愚蠢問(wèn)題 He is always thinking of others first. 他總是先考慮其他人的感受 4. 表示將來(lái) 1) 表示按計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,僅適用于部分趨向動(dòng)詞(如go, come, leave, start, arrive等)。如: Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔快來(lái)了。 They're leaving for Beijing. 他們將要去北京。 2) 在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)某時(shí)正在發(fā)生的事情。如: Please drop in when you are passing my way. 路過(guò)我家的時(shí)候,請(qǐng)進(jìn)來(lái)坐坐。 If I am sleeping when he comes, wake me up , please.他來(lái)時(shí)如果我在睡覺(jué),請(qǐng)叫醒我。 |
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