Los Angeles resident Kathleen Mulcahy has been fighting with her weight for 55 years. My parents had a baby, a son and he died at birth and so that was sort of I was 7 and I think that was the time I started gaining weight. 

55年來，洛杉磯市民凱思琳一直苦惱肥胖的問題。我父母還生過一個孩子，是個男孩，但他夭折了。那時候我大概7歲，我覺得我是那時候開始長胖的。

My mother died when I was 12 very suddenly and then my weight just escalated, she is not alone. A growing number of people are overweight or obese particularly in urban areas worldwide including developing countries.

我母親去世的時候，我12歲。那時候我體重飆升。跟凱思琳有一樣苦惱的人還有很多。越來越多的人面臨超重和肥胖的苦惱，尤其是在城市地區(qū)，其中也包括發(fā)展中國家。

escalate

[?esk?le?t] 

vt.使逐步升級;逐步上升

e.g.

Fast foods, transnational corporations, soft drink companies going into these developing countries, are having a very huge influence on the overweight and obesity epidemic because they're adding calories and processed foods, salt and sugar into the diet that these people have not normally been eating. 

快餐、跨國公司、軟飲料公司進入了這些發(fā)展國家，這對普遍存在的超重和肥胖現(xiàn)象有很大的影響，因為這些公司將熱量、加工食品、鹽分和糖分帶入了人們的食譜中。而正常情況下的食譜是不含這些東西的。

obesity

[??'bi:s?t?] 

n.肥胖癥;肥胖，過胖

e.g.

The tendency to become obese is at least in part hereditary.

發(fā)胖至少有一部分是源于遺傳。

epidemic

[?ep??dem?k] 

n.流行病;迅速的傳播、生長或發(fā)展;風尚

adj.流行性的;極為盛行的

e.g.

A flu epidemic is sweeping through Moscow.

一場流感正席卷莫斯科。

People's lifestyles are also changing in developing countries. As people urbanize and make more money and have more sedentary lives, they are also putting on weight and following the pattern of the United States.

發(fā)展國家人們的生活方式也在發(fā)生改變。隨著都市化的深入，人們賺的錢越來越多，久坐越來越稀松平常，這就使人們體重升高，步美國后塵。

Psychotherapist Dena Solomon says there is also another reason why people are gaining weight globally. You know people are moving away from their family of origin. 

精神治療師德娜表示，全球人體重不斷上升還有另一個原因。畢竟很多人都離開了自己的原籍。

psychotherapist

[?sa?k??'θer?p?st] 

n.采用精神治療法的醫(yī)生

e.g.

Anyone can call themselves a psychotherapist. 

誰都可以自稱是心理治療師。

They don't have a support system that's going to help them also manage and have relationships as options for dealing with stress so people are turning to food.

他們沒有一個支撐體系，無法幫助自己管理選擇，也就無法應(yīng)對壓力，所以大家開始通過吃東西解壓。

While fad diet may help with quick weight loss, keeping off the weight is more of a challenge. At sustaining at weight loss, the studies overwhelmingly show that plant-based diets are good long-term, you are motivated. Instead of focusing on what you eat, Solomon helps people maintain weight loss by working with the mind to change a person's eating behavior. 

雖然短期內(nèi)的減肥食譜預(yù)祝于快速減重，但減肥后維持體重也是一種挑戰(zhàn)。在維持體重方面，研究充分表明，以植物為主的食譜從長期來看是有幫助的，這種方式能激發(fā)人的主觀能動性。德娜沒有將重點放在吃什么上，而是通過人的主觀能動性來維持體重，這樣可以改變?nèi)说娘嬍沉晳T。

She helps her clients like Mulkahy be more self-aware by having them write down everything they eat before they eat. That awareness, that sense of conscientiousness becomes more powerful than the immediate gratification of food but you have to learn it, it has to become a habit.

她幫助自己像凱思琳這樣的客戶提高自我認知，方式就是讓客戶在吃東西之前寫下他們要吃的東西。這種認知是一種自我感知，它的力量要大過吃某種食物給人的快感。必須要有這種認知感，并讓它成為自己的一種習慣。

conscientiousness

[?k?n??'en??sn?s] 

n. 責任心

e.g.

Star tasks require risk-taking and entrepreneurship whereas guardian tasks require conscientiousness and consistency. 

引領(lǐng)任務(wù)需要有冒險精神和企業(yè)家精神，而保護任務(wù)需要責任心和一致性。

It's worked from Mulkahy who has sustained her current weight for almost three years. You get such a sense of accomplishment and a sense of power and efficacy that you can apply it to everywhere. 

這種方法對凱思琳是有效的。近3年來，她維持了現(xiàn)在的體重。你可以得到成就感，一種充滿力量的感覺，一種堅信效果的感覺，并可以將這種方法用在各種領(lǐng)域。

efficacy

[?ef?k?si] 

n.功效;效力;效驗;生產(chǎn)率

e.g.

Recent medical studies confirm the efficacy of a healthier lifestyle.

最新醫(yī)學(xué)研究證實了較為健康的生活方式的好處。

Maintaining a healthy weight not only helps with a positive self-image but it will also fend off health problems such as heart disease, diabetes and even some forms of cancer.

維持健康的體重不僅有助于打造積極的自我意像，也可以避免心臟病、肥胖癥甚至某些癌癥等健康問題。

fend off 

避免，避開

e.g.

He looked relaxed and determined as he fended off questions from the world's Press.

他在回避世界媒體的問題時顯得氣定神閑。