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Michael Greger 醫(yī)生是暢銷書《How Not to Die》作者，中文譯本：繁體版書名為《食療圣經(jīng)》。簡體版書名為《救命》，將于今年7月19日發(fā)售，詳情見文末。 請至 “蔬食益生” 主菜單 ===》“分類導航”===》“分類目錄” 查看往期文章。 手機和藍牙輻射對神經(jīng)功能的影響 The Effects of Cell Phones and Bluetooth on Nerve Function
摘要：手機和藍牙輻射對內(nèi)耳有什么影響？ What impact might cell phone and Bluetooth radiation have on the inner ear?
鑒于目前這個時代手機用戶數(shù)量巨大，即使是小的、簡單的不利健康的問題也會產(chǎn)生重大影響。 “Given the huge number of cell phone users these days, even small simple, adverse health effects could have major implications.”
主要擔心的是手機使用時通?？拷^部，導致大腦長時間暴露于受手機輻射中。 “The major concern…is that cell phones are usually held close to the head, resulting in significant exposure to the brain.”
但在頭部側(cè)面的其它的組織呢，那里通常是手機放置的地方，那么對你的內(nèi)耳有何影響？ But, what “other tissues are on the side of the head where the phone is usually placed”? Like, how about your inner ear?
我的意思是，這是最頻繁和最直接暴露于手機輻射的器官。那么，會否可能對聽力產(chǎn)生不利影響呢？ I mean, that’s the organ most frequently and directly exposed to cell phone radiation. So, what about possible adverse effects on hearing?
事實上，耳道可能會提供一條天然的通道，使得手機發(fā)出的信號可以進入頭骨的更深處。 In fact, the ear canal may provide “a natural route” by which emissions can go deeper into your skull.
好。那么，第一個自然要問的問題可能是：長期使用手機的人聽力會變差嗎？ Okay. Well, a first natural question to ask might be: do long-term cell phone users have worse hearing?
顯然是這樣的。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)手機用戶有測量得出的聽力損失，盡管不足以明顯察覺到，這表明長期使用手機可能會損害內(nèi)耳。 Apparently so; cell phone “users were found to have detectable hearing loss,” though not enough to be noticeable, suggesting long-term cell phone use might damage the inner ear.
造成的損傷是雙側(cè)的，可測量出雙耳的聽力損傷，這可能與輻射的影響更加一致，而不只是單側(cè)耳朵暴露在大噪音下造成的后果。 “The damage done was bilateral,” detectable in both ears, which may be more consistent with a radiation effect than just a constant loud-noise-in-one-ear effect. 這是把手機用戶與完全不使用手機的用戶作比較。 Now, this was comparing users to complete non-users. 如果是比較較多使用手機與較少使用手機的用戶，似乎與使用量多少有相應影響，意為每天使用手機的時間越長，達到一天使用手機4或5個小時，聽力損失越多，能聽到的聲音閾值越高（閾值是耳朵可聽到的最低聽力測試音），清楚地表明，研究人員總結(jié)道：使用手機造成聽覺功能的危害。 If you compare heavy to light users, there appears to be a dose response, meaning the longer the duration of daily cellphone use, up to four or five hours a day, the more the hearing loss, the higher the sound threshold before they could hear the hearing test tone — clearly revealing, the researchers concluded, “the hazardous effects of mobile phone use on auditory function.”
基于這項研究，建議謹慎使用手機，因為在非手機用戶以及每天只用10到20分鐘的手機用戶之間似乎沒有差別。 “Based on the study,” they recommend that cell phones be used “judiciously,” as there does not seem to be any difference between non-users and those that just used it 10 to 20 minutes a day。
但是，一天使用兩個小時手機確實顯示與一定量的聽力損失相關，歸咎于手機產(chǎn)生的電磁場輻射。 However, two hours a day did appear to be associated with a certain amount of hearing loss, blamed on the exposure to the electromagnetic fields generated by the phones.
但要做出這樣的聲明，不能只使用這些觀察性研究；需要對它進行測試。 But, to make a claim like that, you can’t just use observational studies like these; you need to put it to the test. 為了查看手機信號是否會影響聽覺神經(jīng)，期間，他們直接在腦部手術進行中將神經(jīng)直接暴露于懸掛在其正上方的手機五分鐘，就看到一個急劇惡化的神經(jīng)脈沖，因此決定盡早停止實驗以避免可能的永久性損傷。 To see if cell phone signals could affect the auditory nerve at all, period, they directly exposed the nerve to a cellphone hovering right over it in the middle of brain surgery for five minutes, and saw a dramatic deterioration of the nerve impulses — so much so, they decided to stop the experiment early, so as “to avoid possible permanent damage.”
明顯地，這是非常不自然的情況，這顯然遠不能模擬真實的電磁場輻射情況，真實的情況是聽覺神經(jīng)有皮膚，骨頭，血液和大腦等包圍。 So, obviously, this is a very unnatural situation. “Clearly far from reproducing EMF exposure,” where you have things like skin, bone, blood, and brain in the way.
但它確實表明手機輻射足夠強大到至少可能影響聽覺神經(jīng)功能的程度。 But, it does show that cell phone emissions are powerful enough to at least potentially affect nerve function.
好。但是如果有手機對聽力影響的介入研究呢（即聽覺神經(jīng)被頭骨等包圍著的情況下）？ Okay. But, how about an interventional study on the effects of cell phones on hearing with your skull actually on?
有史以來的第一次研究結(jié)果是這樣的，聽覺神經(jīng)暴露于手機輻射10分鐘沒有影響。 The “first study” ever published, and 10 minutes of cell phone exposure had: “no effect.” 好。到現(xiàn)在為止還挺好。那么時間超過10分鐘會如何呢？ Okay. So far, so good. What about longer than 10 minutes?
15、20或30分鐘也沒有影響。真是松了一口氣。 No effect at 15, 20, or 30 minutes, either. That’s a relief.
那么60分鐘呢？ What about 60?
60分鐘似乎確實對特定頻率的聽力閾值有直接影響。再強調(diào)一下，還沒有到人會覺察到的程度，但足以在這些聽力測試中檢測到。 60 minutes did appear to have an immediate impact on hearing threshold levels at specific frequencies. Again, not to the extent someone would notice, but enough to be picked up on these hearing tests.
如果戴藍牙耳機情況又如何呢？藍牙輻射是否會影響聽力呢？ What if you wear a Bluetooth headset? Does Bluetooth radiation affect hearing?
沒有影響 … 對你的寵物老鼠是這樣的，但對你家的其他成員有影響嗎？ No effect … on your pet rat, but what about the other members of your family?
30名志愿者在“待機”狀態(tài)下戴著藍牙耳機設備6小時，然后滿負荷下工作10分鐘，并沒有檢測到聽力變化。 “Thirty…volunteers were exposed to a Bluetooth headset device on ‘standby’ for 6 hours then full power for 10 minutes” and…”no…changes in hearing” detected.
也許藍牙輻射沒有足夠強度影響神經(jīng)？真糟糕，腦部手術小組沒有嘗試在周圍揮動一些藍牙耳機。 Maybe Bluetooth emissions just don’t have the power to affect nerves? Too bad that brain surgery group didn’t try waving around some Bluetooth headsets, too.
哦，他們做了藍牙耳機實驗！ Oh, but they did! 顯示手機輻射可能會惡化神經(jīng)脈沖之后，他們決定重復這個實驗來看看藍牙輻射是否也有同樣的影響。 After showing that cell phone fields could deteriorate nerve impulses, they decided to repeat the experiment to see if the same thing happened with Bluetooth fields.
藍牙以更高的頻率運行，在相同的功率下可能是更危險的，但藍牙的運行強度卻低了近千倍。 Bluetooth operates at a higher frequency, which at the same power might be “more hazardous,” but Bluetooth operates at nearly a thousand times lower strength.
毫不奇怪的是，藍牙設備對聽覺神經(jīng)沒有影響，即使聽覺神經(jīng)完全暴露在藍牙輻射中。 No surprise then, that the Bluetooth device had “no…effect” on the auditory nerve, even when it was completely exposed. 研究人員總結(jié)說，這些研究結(jié)果表明使用藍牙耳機在影響聽覺神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)方面可能更安全，因此代表了更安全的手機操作的可行解決方案。 “Taken together,” the researchers conclude that “these findings indicate that using a Bluetooth headset may be safer in terms of…effects on the nervous system and, therefore represents a viable solution for safer cell phone operation.” 翻譯： Karen Chou (老玉米) 編輯： Karen Chou (老玉米) 參考文獻：
編后記： 雖然這個視頻跟蔬食營養(yǎng)無關，但也跟人的健康有關，因此格雷格醫(yī)生特別制作了這個視頻。 電影《我不是藥神》徐崢新作，值得每個人都認真看一下，你會看到，疾病是怎樣迅速榨干一個小康家庭的積蓄；你會看到，無論有錢沒錢，在疾病面前都是多么的無助！ |
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來自： zhihui2016 > 《健康 飲食》
