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many和much的用法： 〔1）many修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,表許多； much修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表量或程度. He has many friends, but few true ones. There hasn't been much good weather recently. （2）many a: many a和many同義,但語(yǔ)氣比較強(qiáng),并且要與單數(shù)名詞及單數(shù)形動(dòng)詞連用. Many a prisoner has been set free. (=Many prisoners have been set free.) 〔3〕as many和so many均等于the same number of. 前有as, like時(shí), 只用so many. These are not all the books I have. These are as many more upstairs. They worked like so many ants. （4）as much等于the same amount of, 表同量和同一事情. He bought two pounds of sugar and as much tea. 〔同量） I was not in the least surprised, for I had fully expected as much. 〔同一事情） （5）many和much之后不接名詞時(shí),作為代名詞；另外much也可用副詞. Many of them were very tired. I don't eat much for lunch. 〔代名詞） He is much taller than I. （副詞） some用法及與any的區(qū)別 用some 和 any 填空： 1) -- Would you like something to eat? -- I’d like ________ bread. 2) Don’t worry. There is ________ milk in the bottle. 3) Are there __________ girls and boys in the classroom? 4）I don’t have _________ meat, but I have __________ eggs and cakes. 5) Would you like _________ apple juice? 答案：1) some 2) some 3) any 4) any; some 5) some 分析： 題1是一句肯定的答語(yǔ),意為：我想要一些面包.故應(yīng)填 some. 題2也是一個(gè)肯定句,意為：瓶子里有一些牛奶.故應(yīng)填 some. 題3是一個(gè)疑問(wèn)句,any 常被用在疑問(wèn)句中,因此此題應(yīng)填 any. 題4此題前半部分是否定句,應(yīng)填 any,后半部分是肯定句,應(yīng)填 some . 題5是一句疑問(wèn)句,看起來(lái)應(yīng)填 any,但是在表示征求意愿的句子里我們不用 any,而用 some.故此題正確答案應(yīng)為 some. 總結(jié)： some 和 any 既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞,some 常用在肯定句中,而any 則常用在否定和疑問(wèn)句中.因此 some 和 any 的用法主要是考慮用在肯定句、疑問(wèn)句還是否定句中,與名詞的可數(shù)與否無(wú)關(guān). some意為“一些”,可作形容詞和代詞.它常修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù).如：some books一些書(shū),some boys一些男孩,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞,如：some water一些水,some tea一些茶葉,some常用在肯定句中.any意為“任何一些”,它也可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,常用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句.如： --I have some tea here. 我這兒有些茶葉. --I can’t see any tea. 我沒(méi)看見(jiàn)茶葉. --Do you have any friends at school? 你在學(xué)校有些朋友嗎? --I have some English books, they are my best friends. 我有英語(yǔ)書(shū),它們是我最好的朋友. 但在表示建議,反問(wèn),請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中,或期望得到肯定回答時(shí),多用some而不用any.如： Would you like some coffee? 你要不要來(lái)點(diǎn)咖啡? What about some fruit juice? 來(lái)點(diǎn)水果汁如何? 當(dāng)any表示“任何”的意義,起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用時(shí),它可以用在肯定句中； Any student can answer this question.任何學(xué)生都可以回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題. 選題角度： 辨析some和any的不同用法：some 常用在肯定句中,而any 則常用在否定和疑問(wèn)句中.在表示建議,反問(wèn),請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中,或期望得到肯定回答時(shí),多用some而不用any. 關(guān)于不可數(shù)名詞的例題解析 -What would you like? -I'd like________. A. a glass of milk B. two glass of milk C. a glass milk D. some glasses milk 解析 答案A milk是不可數(shù)名詞,要表示其數(shù)量為多少,只能與相應(yīng)的量詞短語(yǔ)搭配,即“a…of+不可數(shù)名詞”.B項(xiàng)中two后面的名詞glass應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù),C、D兩項(xiàng)均缺介詞of,應(yīng)排除B、C、D.因此選A. 一道中考題的要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)說(shuō) 一Would you like ________ tea? －No,thanks．I have drunk（已喝了）two ________．（山東 菏澤） A．some,bottles of orange B．few,bottle of oranges C．many,bottles of oranges D．a(chǎn)ny,bottles of orange (Key: A) 題中涉及到了本單元的三個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)： l．some的用法 some表示“一些”,常用于肯定句中,但表示請(qǐng)求或建議的問(wèn)句中,也常用some,而不用any. 2．would like的用法 would like的意思和want相同,但語(yǔ)氣比want要委婉、客氣.would like之后可接名詞、代詞或to do結(jié)構(gòu).例如： 1）I would like a cake． 我想要一塊蛋糕. 2）We would like to play games． 我們想去做游戲. 在回答would like構(gòu)成的一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),肯定回答用Yes,please或Yes,I’d like（love）to.否定回答是No,thanks．再如： －Would you like to go and watch the football game with me? —_______．（2002年濟(jì)南市中考題） A．Not at all B．Excuse me,I can’t C．Yes,I’d like to D．That’s right (Key: C) 3．不可數(shù)名詞表數(shù)量的用法 不可數(shù)名詞表示數(shù)量時(shí)常用“a+ 物量名詞+of + 不可數(shù)名詞”. |
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