時(shí)間：1945年7月17日至8月2日

地點(diǎn)：德國柏林波茨坦

與會(huì)者：斯大林、杜魯門和丘吉爾（后期為英國新任首相艾德禮）

注：中國政府當(dāng)時(shí)并未參加波茨坦會(huì)議。

1945年7月26日，以美、英、中3國宣言形式發(fā)表了《波茨坦公告》，敦促日本立即無條件投降，宣布了盟國占領(lǐng)日本后將實(shí)施的基本原則，并重申1943年12月1日《開羅宣言》必須實(shí)施。1945年8月2日，《蘇英美三國波茨坦會(huì)議議定書》簽字。

日本最初拒絕接受波茨坦公告

波茨坦公告發(fā)布之后，日本政府拒絕接受。

隨后，1945年8月6日和8月9日，美國在廣島和長崎，分別投下一枚原子彈；

8月15日，日本宣布無條件投降，日本天皇向全國廣播了接受波茨坦公告、無條件投降的詔書；

9月2日上午9時(shí)，日本新任外相重光葵在停泊于東京灣的美國戰(zhàn)列艦密蘇里號(hào)上，在投降書上簽字。

《波斯坦公告》全文（中英對(duì)照）

1945年７月26日發(fā)表《波茨坦公告》，敦促日本投降。全文如下：

Issued, at Potsdam, July 26, 1945

美、英、中三國政府領(lǐng)袖公告：

（一）余等：美國總統(tǒng)、中國國民政府主席及英國首相代表余等億萬國民，業(yè)經(jīng)會(huì)商，并同意對(duì)日本應(yīng)予以一機(jī)會(huì)，以結(jié)束此次戰(zhàn)事。

We-the President of the United States, the President of the National Government of the Republic of China, and the Prime Minister of Great Britain, representing the hundreds of millions of our countrymen, have conferred and agree that Japan shall be given an opportunity to end this war.

（二）美國、英帝國及中國之龐大陸、海、軍部隊(duì)，業(yè)已增強(qiáng)多倍，其由西方調(diào)來之軍隊(duì)及空軍，即將予日本以最后之打擊，彼等之武力受所有聯(lián)合國之決心之支持及鼓勵(lì)，對(duì)日作戰(zhàn)，不至其停止抵抗不止。

The prodigious land, sea and air forces of the United States, the British Empire and of China, many times reinforced by their armies and air fleets from the west, are poised to strike the final blows upon Japan. This military power is sustained and inspired by the determination of all the Allied Nations to prosecute the war against Japan until she ceases to resist.

（三）德國無效果及無意識(shí)抵抗全世界激起之自由人之力量，所得之結(jié)果，彰彰在前，可為日本人民之殷鑒。此種力量當(dāng)其對(duì)付抵抗之納粹 時(shí)不得不將德國人民全體之土地、工業(yè)及其生活方式摧殘殆盡。但現(xiàn)在集中對(duì)待日本之星則較之更為龐大，不可衡量。吾等之軍力，加以吾人之堅(jiān)決意志為后盾，若予以全部實(shí)施，必將使日本軍隊(duì)完全毀滅，無可逃避，而日本之本土亦必終歸全部殘毀。

The result of the futile and senseless German resistance to the might of the aroused free peoples of the world stands forth in awful clarity as an example to the people of Japan. The might that now converges on Japan is immeasurably greater than that which, when applied to the resisting Nazis, necessarily laid waste to the lands, the industry and the method of life of the whole German people. The full application of our military power, backed by our resolve, will mean the inevitable and complete destruction of the Japanese armed forces and just as inevitably the utter devastation of the Japanese homeland.

（四）現(xiàn)時(shí)業(yè)已到來，日本必須決定一途，其將繼續(xù)受其一意孤行計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤，使日本帝國已陷于完全毀滅之境之軍人之統(tǒng)制，抑或走向理智之路。

The time has come for Japan to decide whether she will continue to be controlled by those self-willed militaristic advisers whose unintelligent calculations have brought the Empire of Japan to the threshold of annihilation, or whether she will follow the path of reason.

（五）以下為吾人之條件，吾人決不更改，亦無其他另一方式。猶豫遷延，更為吾人所不容許。

Following are our terms. We will not deviate from them. There are no alternatives. We shall brook no delay.

（六）欺騙及錯(cuò)誤領(lǐng)導(dǎo)日本人民使其妄欲征服世界者之威權(quán)及勢(shì)力，必須永久剔除。蓋吾人堅(jiān)持非將負(fù)責(zé)之窮兵黷武主義驅(qū)出世界，則和平安全及正義之新秩序勢(shì)不可能。

There must be eliminated for all time the authority and influence of those who have deceived and misled the people of Japan into embarking on world conquest, for we insist that a new order of peace, security and justice will be impossible until irresponsible militarism is driven from the world.

（七）直至如此之新秩序成立時(shí)，及直至日本制造戰(zhàn)爭之力量業(yè)已毀滅，有確定可信之證據(jù)時(shí)，日本領(lǐng)土經(jīng)盟國之指定，必須占領(lǐng)，俾吾人在此陳述之基本目的得以完成。

Until such a new order is established and until there is convincing proof that Japan's war-making power is destroyed, points in Japanese territory to be designated by the Allies shall be occupied to secure the achievement of the basic objectives we are here setting forth.

（八）開羅宣言之條件必將實(shí)施，而日本之主權(quán)必將限于本州、北海道、九州、四國及吾人所決定其他小島之內(nèi)。

The terms of the Cairo Declaration shall be carried out and Japanese sovereignty shall be limited to the islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku and such minor islands as we determine.

（九）日本軍隊(duì)在完全解除武裝以后，將被允許返其家鄉(xiāng)，得有和平及生產(chǎn)生活之機(jī)會(huì)。

The Japanese military forces, after being completely disarmed, shall be permitted to return to their homes with the opportunity to lead peaceful and productive lives.

（十）吾人無意奴役日本民族或消滅其國家，但對(duì)于戰(zhàn)罪人犯，包括虐待吾人俘虜在內(nèi)，將處以法律之裁判，日本政府必將阻止日本人民民主趨勢(shì)之復(fù)興及增強(qiáng)之所有障礙予以消除，言論、宗教及思想自由以及對(duì)于基本人權(quán)之重視必須成立。

We do not intend that the Japanese shall be enslaved as a race or destroyed as a nation, but stern justice shall be meted out to all war criminals, including those who have visited cruelties upon our prisoners. The Japanese Government shall remove all obstacles to the revival and strengthening of democratic tendencies among the Japanese people. Freedom of speech, of religion, and of thought, as well as respect for the fundamental human rights shall be established.

（十一）日本將被允許維持其經(jīng)濟(jì)所必須及可以償付貨物賠款之工業(yè)，但可以使其獲得原料，以別于統(tǒng)制原料，日本最后參加國際貿(mào)易關(guān)系當(dāng)可準(zhǔn)許。

Japan shall be permitted to maintain such industries as will sustain her economy and permit the exaction of just reparations in kind, but not those which would enable her to re-arm for war. To this end, access to, as distinguished from control of, raw materials shall be permitted. Eventual Japanese participation in world trade relations shall be permitted.

（十二）上述目的達(dá)到及依據(jù)日本人民自由表示之意志成立一傾向和平及負(fù)責(zé)之政府后，同盟國占領(lǐng)軍隊(duì)當(dāng)撤退。

The occupying forces of the Allies shall be withdrawn from Japan as soon as these objectives have been accomplished and there has been established in accordance with the freely expressed will of the Japanese people a peacefully inclined and responsible government.

（十三）吾人通告日本政府立即宣布所有日本武裝部隊(duì)無條件投降，并以此種行動(dòng)誠意實(shí)行予以適當(dāng)之各項(xiàng)保證，除此一途，日本即將迅速完全毀滅。

We call upon the government of Japan to proclaim now the unconditional surrender of all Japanese armed forces, and to provide proper and adequate assurances of their good faith in such action. The alternative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction.

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