動(dòng)詞不定式幾點(diǎn)注意。 1.下列動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后接不定式:agree, seem, appear, offer, happen, wish, hope, pay, expect, long, plan, intend, promise, pretend, decide, afford, manage, choose, be said to, would like to等。 2. 不定式常用的句型:too…to do (太……而不能), …enough to do…(夠……就能 ……), so as to do/in order to do(為了……),so…as to do/such…as to do(如 此……結(jié)果……)。 3. 不定式的三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu):即否定結(jié)構(gòu)、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和疑問結(jié)構(gòu)。 否定結(jié)構(gòu)為“not (never) to do”;疑問結(jié)構(gòu)是特殊疑問詞“how (what, which, who, whether…) to do”;復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是“for/ of +名詞(或代詞賓格)+ to do ”。 4. let/ make/ have/ see/ hear/ notice/ observe/ listen to/ look at/ watch/feel 這些動(dòng)詞帶不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),省掉to, 若這些動(dòng)詞以被動(dòng)形式出現(xiàn)時(shí),應(yīng)加上to。 5. 當(dāng)前面是the first, the second, the last, need, plan, time, chance, right,determination, ability, opportunity(機(jī)會(huì)),way時(shí),一般用不定式作定語(yǔ)。 6. but/ except + to do/ do 結(jié)構(gòu),要根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來確定其后面的形式。當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是do, does, did時(shí),but后用動(dòng)詞原形;謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是其他動(dòng)詞時(shí),but后用“to + 動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。 7. 形容詞后一般用不定式(除busy, worth 兩個(gè)外)。 You are sure to succeed. 你一定能成功。 He is busy preparing his lessons at present. 他現(xiàn)在正忙于預(yù)習(xí)功課。 8. 不定式作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)時(shí),有時(shí)需要在后面放上一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 This is a bench to sit on.(這是用來坐的凳子。) This room is comfortable to live in. (這個(gè)房間住起來很舒適。) 9. 在“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+adj.+不定式”這個(gè)句型中,當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)時(shí),不定式不用被動(dòng),不能在動(dòng)詞后再放賓語(yǔ)。 The question is easy to answer. (question是answer的賓語(yǔ),不能說:The question is easy to be answered. 也不能說:The question is easy to answer it .) |
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