由于歷史原因,很多時(shí)候我們的代碼并不完全是使用.NET寫(xiě)成的。這時(shí)候和以往C++代碼的混合編程就顯得相當(dāng)重要了。最近碰到了這樣的問(wèn)題,將方法簡(jiǎn)要記述如下。 調(diào)用簡(jiǎn)單的C++函數(shù)要在C#代碼中調(diào)用C++函數(shù),大體的思路是這樣的:首先將C++函數(shù)寫(xiě)成DLL形式的庫(kù),然后在C#中導(dǎo)入DLL中的函數(shù)進(jìn)行調(diào)用。具體的代碼類(lèi)似這樣: 1 int StaticElementNumber = 10; 2 extern "C" AFX_API_EXPORT int GetArrayElementNumber() 3 { 4 return StaticElementNumber; 5 } C#代碼: 1 [DllImport("MFCDll.dll")] 2 public static extern int GetArrayElementNumber(); 3 int ElementNumber = GetArrayElementNumber(); s其中的細(xì)節(jié),比如int和char等數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型在C++和C#中占用的空間不同等等CLR會(huì)自動(dòng)處理。(主要是通過(guò)Marshal類(lèi)自動(dòng)處理) 這樣的調(diào)用還支持調(diào)試。打開(kāi)C#工程的Properties,在Debug選項(xiàng)卡中勾選Enable unmanaged code debugging即可啟用C++代碼調(diào)試。這樣在調(diào)試模式下,調(diào)用這個(gè)函數(shù)時(shí)可以繼續(xù)按F11跟進(jìn)函數(shù)內(nèi)部進(jìn)行調(diào)試。 傳遞GDI對(duì)象一些復(fù)雜的Windows對(duì)象可以通過(guò)句柄來(lái)傳送。比如下面的代碼就將一個(gè)GDI+ Bitmap對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換成GDI句柄進(jìn)行傳送。 1 extern "C" AFX_API_EXPORT HBITMAP GetABitmap(WCHAR *strFileName)
2 { 3 Gdiplus::GdiplusStartupInput gdiplusStartupInput; 4 ULONG_PTR gdiplusToken; 5 GdiplusStartup(&gdiplusToken, &gdiplusStartupInput, NULL); 6 Bitmap *bitmap = Bitmap::FromFile(strFileName); 7 HBITMAP HBitmapToReturn; 8 bitmap->GetHBITMAP(NULL, &HBitmapToReturn); 9 GdiplusShutdown(gdiplusToken); 10 11 return HBitmapToReturn; 12 } C#代碼(用戶(hù)界面采用WPF,略去相關(guān)聲明和引用): 1 [DllImport("MFCDll.dll")]
2 public static extern IntPtr GetABitmap([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string strFileName); 3 4 private void MenuItemFileOpenOnClicked(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 5 { 6 OpenFileDialog dialog = new OpenFileDialog(); 7 dialog.Title = "Load an image..."; 8 dialog.Multiselect = false; 9 if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true) 10 { 11 mainGrid.Children.Clear(); 12 13 IntPtr hBitmap = GetABitmap(dialog.FileName); 14 Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.FromHbitmap(hBitmap); 15 System.Windows.Controls.Image image = new Windows.Controls.Image(); 16 image.Source = Windows.Interop.Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(hBitmap, ro, Int32Rect.Empty, 17 Windows.Media.Imaging.BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions()); 18 image.Stretch = System.Windows.Media.Stretch.Fill; 19 DeleteObject(hBitmap); 20 mainGrid.Children.Add(image); 21 } 22 }
傳遞數(shù)組 傳遞定長(zhǎng)數(shù)組很簡(jiǎn)單,此處不述。下面的代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)變長(zhǎng)數(shù)組的傳遞: 1 int StaticElementNumber = 10;
2 extern "C" AFX_API_EXPORT bool GetArray(int ElementNumber, double *BaseAddress) 3 { 4 if (ElementNumber < StaticElementNumber) 5 { 6 return false; 7 } 8 9 for (int i = 0; i < StaticElementNumber; ++i) 10 { 11 BaseAddress[i] = 1 / ((double)i + 1); 12 } 13 14 return true; 15 } 16 17 extern "C" AFX_API_EXPORT int GetArrayElementNumber() 18 { 19 return StaticElementNumber; 20 }
C#代碼: 1 [DllImport("MFCDll.dll")]
2 public static extern bool GetArray(int ElementNumber, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray, SizeParamIndex = 0)] double[] BaseAddress); 3 4 private void MenuItemFileGetArrayOnClicked(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 5 { 6 //Get array data. 7 int ElementNumber = GetArrayElementNumber(); 8 double[] doubleArray = new double[ElementNumber]; 9 GetArray(ElementNumber, doubleArray); 10 11 //Show the data. 12 mainGrid.Children.Clear(); 13 ListBox listBox = new ListBox(); 14 foreach (double number in doubleArray) 15 { 16 listBox.Items.Add(number); 17 } 18 mainGrid.Children.Add(listBox); 19 } 20 有了這三個(gè)功能,一般來(lái)說(shuō)C++代碼復(fù)用到C#平臺(tái)上就是比較簡(jiǎn)單的事情了。 http://www.cnblogs.com/grapeot/archive/2010/01/25/1656240.html |
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來(lái)自: ThinkTank_引擎 > 《語(yǔ)言之間》