Socket通常也稱做”套接字“,用于描述IP地址和端口,廢話不多說,它就是網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信過程中端點的抽象表示。值得一提的是,Java在包java.net中提供了兩個類Socket和ServerSocket,分別用來表示雙向連接的客戶端和服務(wù)端。這是兩個封裝得非常好的類,使用起來很方便!
下面將首先創(chuàng)建一個SocketServer的類作為服務(wù)端如下,該服務(wù)端實現(xiàn)了多線程機制,可以在特定端口處監(jiān)聽多個客戶請求,一旦有客戶請求,Server總是會創(chuàng)建一個服務(wù)純種來服務(wù)新來的客戶,而自己繼續(xù)監(jiān)聽。程序中accept()是一個阻塞函數(shù),所謂阻塞性方法就是說該方法被調(diào)用后將等待客戶的請求,直到有一個客戶啟動并請求連接到相同的端口,然后accept()返回一個對應(yīng)于客戶的Socket。這時,客戶方和服務(wù)方都建立了用于通信的Socket,接下來就是由各個Socket分別打開各自的輸入、輸出流。
- SocketServer類,服務(wù)器實現(xiàn):
1 package HA.Socket; 2 3 import java.io.*; 4 import java.net.*; 5 6 public class SocketServer { 7 8 ServerSocket sever; 9 10 public SocketServer(int port){ 11 try{ 12 sever = new ServerSocket(port); 13 }catch(IOException e){ 14 e.printStackTrace(); 15 } 16 } 17 18 public void beginListen(){ 19 while(true){ 20 try{ 21 final Socket socket = sever.accept(); 22 23 new Thread(new Runnable(){ 24 public void run(){ 25 BufferedReader in; 26 try{ 27 in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(),"UTF-8")); 28 PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream()); 29 while (!socket.isClosed()){ 30 String str; 31 str = in.readLine(); 32 out.println("Hello!world!! " + str); 33 out.flush(); 34 if (str == null || str.equals("end")) 35 break; 36 System.out.println(str); 37 } 38 socket.close(); 39 }catch(IOException e){ 40 e.printStackTrace(); 41 } 42 } 43 }).start(); 44 }catch(IOException e){ 45 e.printStackTrace(); 46 } 47 } 48 } 49 }
- SocketClient類,客戶端實現(xiàn):
1 package HA.Socket; 2 3 import java.io.*; 4 import java.net.*; 5 6 public class SocketClient { 7 static Socket client; 8 9 public SocketClient(String site, int port){ 10 try{ 11 client = new Socket(site,port); 12 System.out.println("Client is created! site:"+site+" port:"+port); 13 }catch (UnknownHostException e){ 14 e.printStackTrace(); 15 }catch (IOException e){ 16 e.printStackTrace(); 17 } 18 } 19 20 public String sendMsg(String msg){ 21 try{ 22 BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream())); 23 PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream()); 24 out.println(msg); 25 out.flush(); 26 return in.readLine(); 27 }catch(IOException e){ 28 e.printStackTrace(); 29 } 30 return ""; 31 } 32 public void closeSocket(){ 33 try{ 34 client.close(); 35 }catch(IOException e){ 36 e.printStackTrace(); 37 } 38 } 39 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ 40 41 } 42 43 }
接下來就是來測試Socket通信了!
先運行TestSocketServer類,打開服務(wù)端,在12345端口處監(jiān)聽!
1 package HA.Socket; 2 3 public class TestSocketServer { 4 5 public static void main(String[] argvs){ 6 SocketServer server = new SocketServer(12345); 7 server.beginListen(); 8 } 9 }
再運行TestSocketClient類:
1 package HA.Socket; 2 3 public class TestSocketClient { 4 5 public static void main(String[] args){ 6 7 SocketClient client = new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345); 8 System.out.println(client.sendMsg("nimei1")); 9 client.closeSocket(); 10 11 SocketClient client1 = new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345); 12 System.out.println(client1.sendMsg("nimei1111")); 13 client1.closeSocket(); 14 15 SocketClient client11 = new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345); 16 System.out.println(client11.sendMsg("nimei11111111")); 17 client11.closeSocket(); 18 19 SocketClient client111 = new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345); 20 System.out.println(client111.sendMsg("nimei11111111111111111")); 21 client111.closeSocket(); 22 23 } 24 }
輸出結(jié)果如下:
服務(wù)端:
Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345 Hello!world!! nimei1 Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345 Hello!world!! nimei1111 Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345 Hello!world!! nimei11111111 Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345 Hello!world!! nimei11111111111111111
客戶端:
nimei1 nimei1111 nimei11111111 nimei11111111111111111
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