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MYSQL的master,slave環(huán)境的搭建
試驗(yàn)環(huán)境：
Linux5.5(32bit)
撰寫人：hx10
日期:2010/7/3 hangzhou
Blog:http://hi.baidu.com/hx10
試驗(yàn)環(huán)境：
Master:10.80.11.203
Slave1:10.80.11.204
Slave2:10.80.11.205
安裝mysql
cd /usr/local
tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.48-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.1.48-linux-i686-glibc23 mysql
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
chown -R root /usr/local/mysql
chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/data
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data
chgrp -R mysql .
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
增加環(huán)境變量
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile
主節(jié)點(diǎn)：
首先在master上建立2個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫和表
#service mysqld start
#mysql
mysql>create database www;
mysql>use www;
mysql>create table www(id int);
mysql>insert into www values(1);
mysql> select * from www;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>create database blog;
mysql>use blog;
mysql>create table blog(id int);
mysql>insert into blog values(1);
mysql> select * from blog;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
1.vim /etc/my.cnf
注意一下2個(gè)參數(shù),這一段在[mysqld]節(jié)點(diǎn)中添加
log-bin=mysql-bin //日志為2進(jìn)制，不需要更改
server-id =1 //為1就是Master,不需要更改
binlog-do-db=blog //要同步的庫
binlog-do-db=www //要同步的庫
binlog-ignore-db=mysql,test,information_schema //是不要記錄日志的數(shù)據(jù)庫名，多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫中間用逗號(hào)(,)隔開
然后把innodb前面的#去掉，結(jié)果如下
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/ //innodb的表空間位置
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:50M:autoextend //表空間的名字，開始50M
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M //為系統(tǒng)內(nèi)存的50-80%
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
innodb_log_file_size = 64M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
然后啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫,讓配置文件生效
#service mysqld restart
2.從master服務(wù)器添加要從slave服務(wù)器訪問master服務(wù)器的有權(quán)限的賬號(hào)
#mysql -u root -p
mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@'10.80.11.204' identified by '123456';
mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@'10.80.11.205' identified by '123456';
mysql>flush privileges;
格式:GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO '賬號(hào)'@'從服務(wù)器IP或主機(jī)名' IDENTIFIED BY '密碼';
3.備份master數(shù)據(jù)庫數(shù)據(jù)
mysql> flush tables with read lock; //不要退出這個(gè)終端，否則這個(gè)鎖就不生效了。從服務(wù)器的數(shù)據(jù)庫建好后。在主服務(wù)器執(zhí)行解鎖
同時(shí)要記錄下mysql-bin.000003和1271
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 | 106 | blog,www | mysql,test,information_schema |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
取得快照并記錄日志名和偏移量
開啟另一個(gè)終端對主服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)目錄做快照。
#cd /usr/local/mysql/data
#tar -zcvf backup.tar.gz www blog
此時(shí)在主庫解開table的鎖定
mysql> unlock tables;
從節(jié)點(diǎn)：
安裝mysql方法同主節(jié)點(diǎn)
1. vim /etc/my.cnf 增加以下幾項(xiàng)
server-id = 2
master-host = 10.80.11.203
master-user = repluser
master-password = 123456
master-port = 3306
master-connect-retry=60
replicate-do-db=www //告訴slave只做www數(shù)據(jù)庫的更新
replicate-do-db=blog //告訴slave只做blog數(shù)據(jù)庫的更新
log-slave-updates
3.把從主數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器備份出來的數(shù)據(jù)庫導(dǎo)入到從服務(wù)器中
先用scp把主服務(wù)器上的backup.tar.gz拷貝過來,解壓到/usr/local/mysql/data目錄
#cd /usr/local/mysq/data
#tar -zxvf backup.tar.gz
啟動(dòng)從庫服務(wù)器
#service mysqld start
停止slave服務(wù)，設(shè)置主服務(wù)器的各種參數(shù)
#mysql
mysql>slave stop;
然后敲入以下代碼,一行一行的復(fù)制
change master to
MASTER_HOST='10.80.11.203',
MASTER_USER='repluser',
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000002',
MASTER_LOG_POS=106;
mysql> slave start;
然后在master上插入記錄，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在slave上也會(huì)出現(xiàn)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.80.11.203
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1271
Relay_Log_File: squid2-relay-bin.000004
Relay_Log_Pos: 617
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: www,blog
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1271
Relay_Log_Space: 773
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
從節(jié)點(diǎn)2的配置跟從節(jié)點(diǎn)1的配置一樣，只是server-id 改成3
最重要是以下三點(diǎn)：
Slave_IO_Running：
是否要從 Master Server 復(fù)製 Binary Log 資料，必須為 Yes。
Slave_SQL_Running：
是否要執(zhí)行從 Master Server 復(fù)製過來的 Binary Log 資料，必須為 Yes。
Seconds_Behind_Master：
Slave 的資料落后了 Master 多少秒，執(zhí)行一段時(shí)間后應(yīng)該會(huì)是零。
然后在master上更新數(shù)據(jù)，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在2臺(tái)slave上都能查詢到數(shù)據(jù)，本實(shí)驗(yàn)測試成功。
本文出自 “無云安全技術(shù)站” 博客，請務(wù)必保留此出處http://hx100.blog.51cto.com/44326/343390 |
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