Maven pom.xml 配置詳解

旭龍 2013-12-24

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什么是pom?
pom作為項(xiàng)目對象模型。通過xml表示maven項(xiàng)目，使用pom.xml來實(shí)現(xiàn)。主要描述了項(xiàng)目：包括配置文件；開發(fā)者需要遵循的規(guī)則，缺陷管理系統(tǒng)，組織和licenses，項(xiàng)目的url，項(xiàng)目的依賴性，以及其他所有的項(xiàng)目相關(guān)因素。

pom.xml 配置文件

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<project>
<parent>
...
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>...</groupId>
<artifactId>...</artifactId>
<version>...</version>
<packaging>...</packaging>
<scm>
...
</scm>
<dependencies>
...
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
...
</dependencyManagement>
<modules>
...
</modules>
<properties>
...
</properties>
<build>
...
</build>
<reporting>
...
</reporting>
<name>...</name>
<description>...</description>
<url>...</url>
<inceptionYear>...</inceptionYear>
<licenses>
</licenses>
<organization>
</organization>
<developers>
</developers>
<contributors>
</contributors>
<issueManagement>
</issueManagement>
<ciManagement>
</ciManagement>
<mailingLists>
</mailingLists>
<prerequisites>
</prerequisites>
<repositories>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
</pluginRepositories>
<distributionManagement>
</distributionManagement>
<profiles>
</profiles>
</project>

maven POM.xml詳解

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<project xmlns="http://maven./POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven./POM/4.0.0http://maven./maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId/>
<groupId/>
<version/>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>asia.banseon</groupId>
<artifactId>banseon-maven2</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>banseon-maven</name>
<url>http://www.baidu.com/banseon</url>
<description>A maven project to study maven.</description>
<prerequisites>
<maven/>
</prerequisites>
<issueManagement>
<system>jira</system>
<url>http://jira.baidu.com/banseon</url>
</issueManagement>
<ciManagement>
<system/>
<url/>
<notifiers>
<notifier>
<type/>
<sendOnError/>
<sendOnFailure/>
<sendOnSuccess/>
<sendOnWarning/>
<address/>
<configuration/>
</notifier>
</notifiers>
</ciManagement>
<inceptionYear/>
<mailingLists>
<mailingList>
<name>Demo</name>
<post>banseon@126.com</post>
<subscribe>banseon@126.com</subscribe>
<unsubscribe>banseon@126.com</unsubscribe>
<archive>http:/hi.baidu.com/banseon/demo/dev/</archive>
</mailingList>
</mailingLists>
<developers>
<developer>
<id>HELLO WORLD</id>
<name>banseon</name>
<email>banseon@126.com</email>
<url/>
<roles>
<role>Project Manager</role>
<role>Architect</role>
</roles>
<organization>demo</organization>
<organizationUrl>http://hi.baidu.com/banseon</organizationUrl>
<properties>
<dept>No</dept>
</properties>
<timezone>-5</timezone>
</developer>
</developers>
<contributors>
<contributor>
<name/><email/><url/><organization/><organizationUrl/><roles/><timezone/><properties/>
</contributor>
</contributors>
<licenses>
<license>
<name>Apache 2</name>
<url>http://www.baidu.com/banseon/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>
<!--項(xiàng)目分發(fā)的主要方式：
repo，可以從Maven庫下載
manual，用戶必須手動(dòng)下載和安裝依賴-->
<distribution>repo</distribution>
<comments>A business-friendly OSS license</comments>
</license>
</licenses>
<scm>
<connection>
scm:svn:http://svn.baidu.com/banseon/maven/banseon/banseon-maven2-trunk(dao-trunk)
</connection>
<developerConnection>
scm:svn:http://svn.baidu.com/banseon/maven/banseon/dao-trunk
</developerConnection>
<tag/>
<url>http://svn.baidu.com/banseon</url>
</scm>
<organization>
<name>demo</name>
<url>http://www.baidu.com/banseon</url>
</organization>
<build>
<sourceDirectory/>
<scriptSourceDirectory/>
<testSourceDirectory/>
<outputDirectory/>
<testOutputDirectory/>
<extensions>
<extension>
<groupId/>
<artifactId/>
<version/>
</extension>
</extensions>
<defaultGoal/>
<resources>
<resource>
<targetPath/>
<filtering/>
<directory/>
<includes/>
<excludes/>
</resource>
</resources>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<targetPath/><filtering/><directory/><includes/><excludes/>
</testResource>
</testResources>
<directory/>
<finalName/>
<filters/>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId/>
<artifactId/>
<version/>
<extensions/>
<executions>
<execution>
<id/>
<phase/>
<goals/>
<inherited/>
<configuration/>
</execution>
</executions>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
......
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<inherited/>
<configuration/>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId/><artifactId/><version/><extensions/>
<executions>
<execution>
<id/><phase/><goals/><inherited/><configuration/>
</execution>
</executions>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
......
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<goals/><inherited/><configuration/>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id/>
<!--自動(dòng)觸發(fā)profile的條件邏輯。Activation是profile的開啟鑰匙。profile的力量來自于它
能夠在某些特定的環(huán)境中自動(dòng)使用某些特定的值；這些環(huán)境通過activation元素指定。activation元素并不是激活profile的唯一方式。-->
<activation>
<activeByDefault/>
<jdk/>
<os>
<name>Windows XP</name>
<family>Windows</family>
<arch>x86</arch>
<version>5.1.2600</version>
</os>
<!--如果Maven檢測到某一個(gè)屬性（其值可以在POM中通過${名稱}引用），其擁有對應(yīng)的名稱和值，Profile就會(huì)被激活。如果值
字段是空的，那么存在屬性名稱字段就會(huì)激活profile，否則按區(qū)分大小寫方式匹配屬性值字段-->
<property>
<name>mavenVersion</name>
<value>2.0.3</value>
</property>
<!--提供一個(gè)文件名，通過檢測該文件的存在或不存在來激活profile。missing檢查文件是否存在，如果不存在則激活
profile。另一方面，exists則會(huì)檢查文件是否存在，如果存在則激活profile。-->
<file>
<exists>/usr/local/hudson/hudson-home/jobs/maven-guide-zh-to-production/workspace/</exists>
<missing>/usr/local/hudson/hudson-home/jobs/maven-guide-zh-to-production/workspace/</missing>
</file>
</activation>
<build>
<defaultGoal/>
<resources>
<resource>
<targetPath/><filtering/><directory/><includes/><excludes/>
</resource>
</resources>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<targetPath/><filtering/><directory/><includes/><excludes/>
</testResource>
</testResources>
<directory/><finalName/><filters/>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId/><artifactId/><version/><extensions/>
<executions>
<execution>
<id/><phase/><goals/><inherited/><configuration/>
</execution>
</executions>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
......
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<goals/><inherited/><configuration/>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId/><artifactId/><version/><extensions/>
<executions>
<execution>
<id/><phase/><goals/><inherited/><configuration/>
</execution>
</executions>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
......
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<goals/><inherited/><configuration/>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<modules/>
<repositories>
<repository>
<releases>
<enabled/><updatePolicy/><checksumPolicy/>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled/><updatePolicy/><checksumPolicy/>
</snapshots>
<id/><name/><url/><layout/>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<releases>
<enabled/><updatePolicy/><checksumPolicy/>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled/><updatePolicy/><checksumPolicy/>
</snapshots>
<id/><name/><url/><layout/>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
......
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<reports/>
<reporting>
......
</reporting>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
......
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<distributionManagement>
......
</distributionManagement>
<properties/>
</profile>
</profiles>
<modules/>
<repositories>
<repository>
<releases>
<enabled/>
<updatePolicy/>
<checksumPolicy/>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled/><updatePolicy/><checksumPolicy/>
</snapshots>
<id>banseon-repository-proxy</id>
<name>banseon-repository-proxy</name>
<url>http://192.168.1.169:9999/repository/</url>
<layout>default</layout>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
......
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-artifact</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<type>jar</type>
<classifier></classifier>
<!--依賴范圍。在項(xiàng)目發(fā)布過程中，幫助決定哪些構(gòu)件被包括進(jìn)來。欲知詳情請參考依賴機(jī)制。
- compile ：默認(rèn)范圍，用于編譯
- provided：類似于編譯，但支持你期待jdk或者容器提供，類似于classpath
- runtime: 在執(zhí)行時(shí)需要使用
- test: 用于test任務(wù)時(shí)使用
- system: 需要外在提供相應(yīng)的元素。通過systemPath來取得
- systemPath: 僅用于范圍為system。提供相應(yīng)的路徑
- optional: 當(dāng)項(xiàng)目自身被依賴時(shí)，標(biāo)注依賴是否傳遞。用于連續(xù)依賴時(shí)使用-->
<scope>test</scope>
<systemPath></systemPath>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<reports></reports>
<reporting>
<excludeDefaults/>
<outputDirectory/>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId/>
<artifactId/>
<version/>
<inherited/>
<configuration/>
<reportSets>
<reportSet>
<id/>
<configuration/>
<inherited/>
<reports/>
</reportSet>
</reportSets>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</reporting>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
......
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<uniqueVersion/>
<id>banseon-maven2</id>
<name>banseon maven2</name>
<url>file://${basedir}/target/deploy</url>
<layout/>
</repository>
<snapshotRepository>
<uniqueVersion/>
<id>banseon-maven2</id>
<name>Banseon-maven2 Snapshot Repository</name>
<url>scp://svn.baidu.com/banseon:/usr/local/maven-snapshot</url>
<layout/>
</snapshotRepository>
<site>
<id>banseon-site</id>
<name>business api website</name>
<url>
scp://svn.baidu.com/banseon:/var/www/localhost/banseon-web
</url>
</site>
<downloadUrl/>
<relocation>
<groupId/>
<artifactId/>
<version/>
<message/>
</relocation>
<status/>
</distributionManagement>
<properties/>
</project>

參考推薦：
Apache Maven（官方）

maven 配置篇之pom.xml

maven POM.xml詳解

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