考點一   時間狀語從句

1．表示時間的狀語從句可以由when，whenever，as，while，before，until，ever since ，as soon as等詞引導(dǎo)。

Don't be afraid of asking your teachers for help when it is needed.

如有需要，不要害怕向老師問問題。

Please write it down before you forget it.

趁你現(xiàn)在還沒忘把它記下來。

Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.

湯姆正要關(guān)上窗戶，就在這時一只鳥引起了他的注意。

【溫馨提示】　when可表原因，意為“既然”。

How can you expect to learn anything when you never listen?

既然你什么也聽不下去你怎么期望學(xué)東西呢？

2．as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instant，no sooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……)這些從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的從句都表示從句的動作一發(fā)生，主句的動作隨即就發(fā)生，常譯為“一……就……”。從句中用一般時態(tài)代替將來時態(tài)。

The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.

我一聽到那個聲音，我就知道父親來了。

No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.

我們剛到車站，火車就離站了。

The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.

那男孩一見到他媽媽便放聲大哭。

My sister came  directly she got my short message.

我姐姐一收到我的短信就來了。

3．no sooner...than和hardly...when引導(dǎo)的從句表示“剛……就……”。主句中的動詞一般用過去完成時，從句用過去時。若把no sooner, hardly提到句首，主句須倒裝。

No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.

他剛坐下，電話鈴就響了。   

Hardly had the game begun when it started to rain.

比賽剛剛開始，天就開始下起雨來。

考點二  條件狀語從句

1．通常由if，unless如果不，除非，as(so)long as 只要，in case(that)“結(jié)果，萬一”等連詞引導(dǎo)。

In case anything important happens，please call me up.

萬一發(fā)生了什么重要事情，請打電話給我。

My parents don't mind what job I do as long as I am happy.

我父母不在乎我從事什么樣的工作，只要我高興就好。

2．由on condition(that)；provided(that)；providing(that)(假若；倘使)；supposing(that)等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。

You can go swimming on condition that you don't get too far from the river bank.

只有不離河岸太遠你才能下去游泳。

Supposing it rains tomorrow，what shall we do?

假設(shè)明天下雨我們做什么？

考點三  地點狀語從句

1．通常由連詞where和wherever引導(dǎo)，從句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。

The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.

那個迷路的小女孩決定待在原地等她母親。

Keep in touch with your family members wherever you are in the world.

不管你在世界上的什么地方，都要跟家人保持聯(lián)系。

2．地點狀語從句在句首時常兼有抽象條件意味。

Where there's a will，there's a way.

有志者事竟成。

Where(ver)there's plenty of sun and rain，the fields are green.

哪里陽光雨水充足，哪里的田野就綠油油。

考點四  讓步狀語從句

1.由although，though，as引導(dǎo)的狀語從句although和though同義，用法基本相同。前者較正式，多置于句首；后者較通俗、口語化。

Although the police thought he was the most likely one，since they had no exact proof about it ，they could not arrest him.

盡管警察認為他是最有可能的一個，由于沒有確鑿的證據(jù)，他們就不能拘留他。

【溫馨提示】　as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句多用于書面語，語序要倒裝。

Difficult as the task was，they managed to finish it in time.

雖然這項任務(wù)很難，他們還是設(shè)法及時完成了。

Child as he is ，he knows a lot.

盡管他是個孩子，但是他知道得很多。

2．even if ，even though表示“即使，縱然”，有退一步設(shè)想的意味，多用于書面語中。

I'll do it，even if it takes me all the afternoon.

我要做這件事，即使它將花去我整個下午的時間。

3．whether(...or)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，提供兩個或兩個以上的假設(shè)。

Whether I go alone or he goes with me，the result will be the same.

我自己走還是他跟我一起走結(jié)果都是相同的。

4．由疑問詞＋ever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。

Whenever you call on me，you are  always welcome.

不管何時你來看我，我都歡迎。

考點五  原因狀語從句

原因狀語從句常用because，since，as, for引導(dǎo)，還可用seeing  that (既然)，now that (既然)，considering that...(考慮到……)，in that (因為)，not that...but that(不是因為……而是因為)等引導(dǎo)。

Now that they've got to know each other a little better，they get along just fine.

由于彼此之間有了進一步了解，他們相處的不錯。

John did quite well in his exams considering how little he studied.

考慮到約翰才學(xué)了那么一點點，他考得已經(jīng)很不錯了。

考點六  結(jié)果狀語從句

結(jié)果狀語從句由so that ，so...that，such that，such...that等詞引導(dǎo)。

I haven't seen Ann for such long that I've forgotten what she looks like.

我有很長時間沒見著安了，我已忘記她長什么樣了。

She worked hard so that everything would be ready in time.

她努力工作，為的是一切能夠及時就序。

語法訓(xùn)練

1  .(2012年高考遼寧卷)He had no sooner finished his speech________the students started cheering.

A．since　　　　　　 　　B．as

C．when                 D．than

解析：本題考查固定句式。句意：他剛做完演講，學(xué)生們就開始歡呼起來。no sooner往往與than連用，意為：一……就……。故答案為D項。

答案：D

2．(2012年高考四川卷)As is reported，it is 100 years________Qinghua University was founded.

A．when  B．before

C．after   D．since

解析：考查狀語從句。句意：據(jù)報道，自從清華大學(xué)成立已經(jīng)有100年了。這里用句式“It be＋一段時間＋since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句”表示“自從……(到現(xiàn)在)有多長時間了”。

答案：D

3．(2012年高考山東卷)He had his camera ready________he saw something that would make a good picture.

A．even if  B．if only

C．in case  D．so that

解析：句意：他準(zhǔn)備好了照相機，以便他看到好的畫面就隨時能夠拍下來。本題考查狀語從句。A項意為“盡管，即使”；B項意為“只要”；C項意為“以防，萬一”；D項意為“為了”。

答案：C

4．(2012年高考浙江卷)One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away________my daughter heard cries for help.

A．after  B．while

C．since  D．when

解析：句意：一個周五，我們正在打包要出去度周末，這時我女兒聽到有人求救的聲音。本句考查“be doing...when...(正在做……這時……)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)，在本結(jié)構(gòu)中，when是并列連詞，表示“這時”的意思，相當(dāng)于and at that time。

答案：D

5．(2012年高考遼寧卷)No matter how________，it is not necessarily lifeless.

A．a desert may be dry

B．dry a desert may be

C．may a desert be dry

D．dry may a desert be

解析：本題考查讓步狀語從句。句意：無論沙漠可能會多么干燥，那里也未必沒有生命。“no matter how＋形容詞/副詞＋主語＋謂語”構(gòu)成讓步狀語從句。四個選項中只有B項符合要求。

答案：B

6．(2012年安陽質(zhì)量調(diào)研)Having checked everything，he sat down to do his homework，________he heard a lightening strike the electricity pole in the backyard.

A．for  B．when

C．or   D．but

解析：考查連詞。句意：檢查了所有的東西之后，他坐下來開始寫作業(yè)，這時他聽到閃電擊中了后院的電線桿的聲音。此處用when表示“這時”。

答案：B

7．If you are traveling________the customs are really foreign to your own，please do as the Romans do.

A．in which  B．what

C．when     D．where

解析：句意：如果你正在一個風(fēng)俗迥異的地方旅行，請入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句；A項in which在定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，缺少先行詞，所以不正確。

答案：D

8．We should do more such exercises in the future，I think，________we did yesterday.

A．as     B．like

C．about  D．that

解析：句意：我認為我們以后應(yīng)該做更多這樣的練習(xí)，就像昨天一樣。as正如；like后不能接從句；that不符合題意。

答案：A

9．(2013年鄭州質(zhì)檢)—Could you please cut the price a little?

—Er...________you buy more than ten.

A．even if  B．so long as

C．in case  D．as soon as

解析：句意：——你能降一點價嗎？——呃……只要你買十個以上。so long as只要；even if即便，即使；in case以防萬一；as soon as一……就……。

答案：B

10．It was foolish of you to take a taxi________you could easily walk there in five minutes.

A．though  B．as long as

C．so that   D．when

解析：考查連詞。句意：你五分鐘就可以走到那兒的，可你還打的去，真是太傻了。根據(jù)語意可知此處用when引導(dǎo)狀語從句，意為“既然，考慮到”。though意為“盡管，雖然”；as long as意為“只要”；so that意為“為了”，都不符合題意。

答案：D

11．(2013年銀川模擬)________one is fully prepared，outdoor sports can sometimes mean injuries.

A．Until   B．Because

C．When  D．Unless

解析：考查連詞辨析。句意：要是沒有充分準(zhǔn)備的話，戶外運動有時會意味著受傷。根據(jù)語意選D項，表示“如果不……；除非……”。

 答案：D

12．My students，________you have a heart loving life, you always can find things that would make you happy each day.

A．as long as  B．if only

C．as though  D．even though

解析：考查連詞用法。句意：我的學(xué)生們，只要你們有一顆熱愛生活的心，你們每天都能發(fā)現(xiàn)讓你們開心的事情。as long as表示“只要”。后三項分別表示“但愿”“似乎”“即使”，都不符合句意。

 答案：A

13．There she was，standing exactly________I had left her, crying bitterly.

A．when   B．that

C．where  D．in which

解析：考查狀語從句。句意：她就站在我剛才離開她的那個地方悲痛地哭。where I had left her是地點狀語從句。

 答案：C

14．The new teacher was so wellorganized that she began________we stopped yesterday so that no point was left out.

A．when  B．in which

C．how   D．where

解析：考查狀語從句。句意：這位新老師條理非常清楚，她從我們昨天停止的地方開始，沒有遺漏要點。where we stopped yesterday是狀語從句。

 答案：D

15．(2013年龍巖檢測)My mother likes everything in order，and she always reminds us to put things back________we get them from.

A．so that  B．in which

C．once    D．where

解析：考查狀語從句。where we get them from是地點狀語從句。

 答案：D