When the business school at the University of California, Davis, started its master's program in accounting last year, administrators expected to attract aspiring accountants from nearby colleges.
當(dāng)加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校(University of California, Davis)的商學(xué)院去年啟動(dòng)會(huì)計(jì)碩士培養(yǎng)項(xiàng)目時(shí)，管理層希望能夠從附近的大學(xué)吸引到有抱負(fù)的會(huì)計(jì)專業(yè)學(xué)生。
What they got instead was a wave of interest from overseas: Roughly two-thirds of the 189 applications received for last fall's entering class came from Chinese citizens.
然而，他們收到的卻是大量對(duì)此感興趣的海外人士的申請(qǐng)：在收到的189份去年秋季入學(xué)的申請(qǐng)中，大約三分之二來(lái)自中國(guó)申請(qǐng)者。
'Frankly, we were shocked at the deluge of applications...for what we saw as a program that prepared students for a U.S. credential, ' says James Stevens, assistant dean of student affairs.
該院負(fù)責(zé)學(xué)生事務(wù)的院長(zhǎng)助理詹姆斯?史蒂文斯(James Stevens)說：“坦率地說，我們對(duì)蜂擁而至的申請(qǐng)感到震驚………在我們看來(lái)這就是一個(gè)讓學(xué)生獲得一張美國(guó)文憑的教育項(xiàng)目而已?！?/p>
Davis has plenty of company. Specialized master's degrees in accounting, finance and other disciplines─generally aimed at students just out of college and lasting one year─have found tremendous popularity in recent years among Chinese nationals seeking a competitive edge and U.S. experience.
戴維斯這個(gè)地方有很多公司。會(huì)計(jì)、金融以及其它學(xué)科的專業(yè)碩士學(xué)位──一般針對(duì)剛剛大學(xué)畢業(yè)的學(xué)生，學(xué)制一年──最近幾年在那些希望獲得競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)和美國(guó)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的中國(guó)人中極其吃香。
Such demand has provided steady revenues for business schools at a time when traditional M.B.A. programs are losing their appeal among U.S. students. But the uneven applicant pool has left many schools weighing financial goals against uninspiring classroom experiences for both Chinese and local students and worrying about weak job-placement rates.
就在傳統(tǒng)的工商管理碩士(M.B.A)項(xiàng)目在美國(guó)學(xué)生中失去吸引力之際，這樣的需求為商學(xué)院提供了穩(wěn)定的收入。然而，申請(qǐng)人群的不均衡讓很多學(xué)校開始在財(cái)務(wù)目標(biāo)和讓中國(guó)及當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)生都感到缺乏生氣的課堂體驗(yàn)之間進(jìn)行權(quán)衡，也讓學(xué)校擔(dān)心就業(yè)率會(huì)很低。
Like companies, business schools 'have to change with the times and go where the market is, ' says Anurag Gupta, chair of the banking and finance department at Case Western Reserve University's Weatherhead School of Management.
凱斯西儲(chǔ)大學(xué)魏德海管理學(xué)院(Case Western Reserve University's Weatherhead School of Management)銀行與金融系主任阿努拉格?古普塔(Anurag Gupta)說，與企業(yè)一樣，商學(xué)院“必須與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，順應(yīng)市場(chǎng)”。
More than 85% of applicants to Weatherhead's current Finance master's program came from China, and more than 80% of the 58-student class is Chinese. The school launched a version of the program in Shanghai a few years ago to balance diversity in the Cleveland program and earn money abroad.
魏德海管理學(xué)院目前的金融碩士項(xiàng)目的申請(qǐng)者中，85%以上來(lái)自中國(guó)，而目前由58名學(xué)生組成的班級(jí)中，中國(guó)人所占比例超過了80%。幾年前，該學(xué)院在上海啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)相同的項(xiàng)目，以均衡其克利夫蘭(Cleveland)校區(qū)項(xiàng)目的學(xué)生多元化水平，同時(shí)又能在國(guó)外掙到錢。
Companies in China's fast-growing finance sector want hires with some advanced skills beyond a college degree, yet don't need recruits with the high-level strategy expertise─and high salary requirements─that an M.B.A. might have, according to students and schools. A U.S. credential also makes students more appealing to multinational companies, schools say.
按照學(xué)生和學(xué)校的說法，在快速發(fā)展的中國(guó)金融業(yè)領(lǐng)域，企業(yè)希望新雇員工除了擁有大學(xué)文憑以外，還應(yīng)具備一些高級(jí)技能，但并不需要新人擁有M.B.A.畢業(yè)生可能具備的那些高級(jí)戰(zhàn)略層面的技能──還有高薪要求。學(xué)校稱，一張美國(guó)文憑還可以讓學(xué)生更受跨國(guó)公司的青睞。
Nearly 60, 000 Chinese citizens took the Graduate Management Admission Test in the 2011-2012 testing year, about triple the number in 2007-2008. In the latest year, 78% of those score reports were sent to U.S. programs, while 64% went to specialized master's degrees world-wide.
2011-2012年度中，近六萬(wàn)中國(guó)公民參加了美國(guó)管理專業(yè)研究生入學(xué)考試(Graduate Management Admission Test)，這個(gè)數(shù)字大約是2007-2008年度的三倍。去年，那些考試成績(jī)報(bào)告單中，78%遞交給了美國(guó)的項(xiàng)目，64%提交給了世界各地的專業(yè)碩士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目。
Patricia Ying Ding was one of those students. Ms. Ding, 23 years old, attended college in her native China but spent time at University of California, Berkeley, and wanted more Western experience. Now enrolled at MIT Sloan School of Management's M.S. in Finance program, about 85% of Ms. Ding's class is international, and the school says a large share of those students are from Asia.
Patricia Ying Ding是遞交申請(qǐng)的學(xué)生之一。23歲的Ding在中國(guó)本土上的大學(xué)，但是在加州大學(xué)伯克利分校(University of California, Berkeley)學(xué)習(xí)過一段時(shí)間，她想獲得更多在西方的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。現(xiàn)在她已經(jīng)就讀麻省理工學(xué)院斯隆管理學(xué)院(MIT Sloan School of Management)的金融碩士項(xiàng)目。Ding所在的班級(jí)大約有85%的學(xué)生是外國(guó)留學(xué)生，學(xué)院方面表示，那些學(xué)生很大一部分來(lái)自亞洲。
She remains unsure whether her class's demographics are a good thing. 'We tend to hang out with people of the same ethnicity, ' she says.
Ding不太確定她班上的人員構(gòu)成是否是件好事。她說：“我們?cè)谝黄鹜娴某３Ｊ窍嗤N族的人?！?/p>
Eleven of the 12 current finance master's students at Loyola University Chicago's Quinlan School of Business are international, with eight from China. That has challenged instructors, students and administrators.
在芝加哥洛約拉大學(xué)昆蘭商學(xué)院(Loyola University Chicago's Quinlan School of Business)攻讀金融碩士學(xué)位的12名學(xué)生中，11名都是外國(guó)留學(xué)生，其中八名來(lái)自中國(guó)。這對(duì)老師、學(xué)生和管理者來(lái)說都是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。
'It changes the dynamic when there's a group of students who have something in common that other students don't share, ' says Dean Kathleen A. Getz. 'It can create some sense that there are two different groups being taught.'
院長(zhǎng)凱瑟琳?蓋茨(Kathleen A. Getz)說：“當(dāng)一群學(xué)生擁有一些共性而別的學(xué)生卻沒有時(shí)，它會(huì)改變動(dòng)態(tài)平衡，它會(huì)讓人產(chǎn)生某種感覺，認(rèn)為接受教育的是兩組不同的學(xué)生?！?/p>
This fall, Quinlan will begin asking international students to take courses on business communication and U.S. classroom customs. To improve job placement, it will arrange student visits to companies interested in hiring international students, and pair them with U.S. student 'buddies' to ease the cultural adjustment.
今年秋季，昆蘭商學(xué)院將開始要求外國(guó)留學(xué)生修商務(wù)溝通和美國(guó)課堂慣例方面的課程。為了提高就業(yè)率，學(xué)院將安排學(xué)生參觀有意雇傭留學(xué)生的公司，并讓他們與美國(guó)的學(xué)生“伙伴”結(jié)成對(duì)子，以幫助他們適應(yīng)美國(guó)文化。
Meanwhile, Davis has reassessed its soft-skills training and career-services strategy to accommodate the unexpected makeup of its new accounting class. For example, administrators are forging ties in finance departments at companies such as Wal-Mart Stores Inc., WMT +1.07% rather than just at accounting firms as originally planned, to extend their potential job opportunities.
與此同時(shí)，加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校重新評(píng)估了它的軟技能培訓(xùn)及就業(yè)服務(wù)策略，以適應(yīng)新招會(huì)計(jì)班中出乎意料的人員構(gòu)成。比如，管理層正在與沃爾瑪(Wal-Mart Stores Inc.)等公司的財(cái)務(wù)部門建立聯(lián)系，而不是像原先計(jì)劃的那樣只與會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所發(fā)展關(guān)系，以擴(kuò)展?jié)撛诘墓ぷ鳈C(jī)會(huì)。
Students must adjust, too.
學(xué)生也必須適應(yīng)。
Karla Savina, one of three Americans in her 57-person class in the Applied Finance program at Pepperdine University's business school, says she has learned about Chinese culture, and adds that her hardworking classmates have pushed her academically. But their unfamiliarity with American-style classroom discussion means Ms. Savina, 36, doesn't 'get the communication that I would like within the classroom.'
36歲的卡拉?薩維納(Karla Savina)就讀于佩珀代因大學(xué)格拉齊亞迪奧工商管理學(xué)院(Graziadio School of Business and Management at Pepperdine University)應(yīng)用金融學(xué)項(xiàng)目，是班上57人中的三個(gè)美國(guó)人之一，她說她了解到了一些中國(guó)文化，還說她那些勤奮刻苦的同學(xué)對(duì)她的學(xué)習(xí)起到了推動(dòng)作用，但是他們不熟悉美國(guó)式的課堂討論，這意味著她無(wú)法“在課堂上得到我所希望的那種交流”。
Application volume for the master's in Applied Finance program has soared in recent years, fueled almost entirely by increases from China. The Graziadio School of Business and Management received 158 applications for the class that started in fall 2009─126 of which were from China─and received 497 for the class that started last fall, with 471 from China.
應(yīng)用金融學(xué)碩士項(xiàng)目的申請(qǐng)量在最近幾年急劇增長(zhǎng)，差不多完全是因?yàn)閬?lái)自中國(guó)的申請(qǐng)?jiān)黾佣鸬?。格拉齊亞迪奧工商管理學(xué)院2009年秋季招生的應(yīng)用金融學(xué)碩士班收到了158份申請(qǐng)，126份來(lái)自中國(guó)，去年秋季招生的應(yīng)用金融學(xué)碩士班收到了497份申請(qǐng)，其中471份來(lái)自中國(guó)。
Though 'there are benefits to having a more diverse student body, ' says Michael Williams, associate dean of full-time programs at the business school, 'I would not say that we are at all unsatisfied with our current population.'
該商學(xué)院負(fù)責(zé)全日制項(xiàng)目的副院長(zhǎng)邁克爾?威廉姆斯(Michael Williams)說，雖然“學(xué)生群體更加多元化會(huì)有好處，但我也不能說我們對(duì)目前的學(xué)生構(gòu)成完全不滿意”。
Mr. Williams says the program has benefited from the name recognition of Pepperdine's Shanghai program. Strong social networks and alumni recommendations multiplied the effect, he says.
威廉姆斯說佩珀代因大學(xué)上海項(xiàng)目的知名度已經(jīng)讓這一項(xiàng)目獲益匪淺。他說，強(qiáng)大的社會(huì)關(guān)系網(wǎng)和校友推薦進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)了它的美譽(yù)度。
But some schools fear that becoming a darling of Chinese students─or students from any single country─may irk local and foreign students.
然而，一些學(xué)校擔(dān)心，學(xué)校成為中國(guó)學(xué)生──或者來(lái)自任何一個(gè)單一國(guó)家的學(xué)生──的寵兒可能會(huì)招致本地和外國(guó)學(xué)生的反感。
The business schools at University of Notre Dame, Indiana University and MIT are looking to their parent universities' undergraduates to help diversify their master's of science classes. Quinlan is also in talks to create a scholarship to entice Loyola graduates to stick around.
圣母大學(xué)(University of Notre Dame)、印第安納大學(xué)(Indiana University)和麻省理工學(xué)院的商學(xué)院都希望通過招收本校的本科生來(lái)幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)理學(xué)碩士班的多元化。昆蘭商學(xué)院也在商談創(chuàng)立獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的事情，以吸引洛約拉大學(xué)的畢業(yè)生留在本校。
Applicants from abroad are 'asking a lot about class makeup, ' says Marci Armstrong, associate dean of graduate programs at Southern Methodist University's Cox School of Business. 'They're seeking to be around American students. They really don't want to be in a class where everyone around them is from their home country.'
南方衛(wèi)理公會(huì)大學(xué)考克斯商學(xué)院(Southern Methodist University's Cox School of Business)負(fù)責(zé)研究生項(xiàng)目的副院長(zhǎng)馬爾奇?阿姆斯特朗(Marci Armstrong)說，外國(guó)申請(qǐng)者“問了很多有關(guān)班級(jí)學(xué)生構(gòu)成的問題，他們想要與美國(guó)學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)，他們很不情愿身處一個(gè)周圍都是本國(guó)人的班級(jí)里”。
Cox initially expected to double enrollment in the program's second year, though Ms. Armstrong says it has 'retrenched' after struggling to find jobs for its Chinese cohort─19 of 41 students. It has made some traction with interviews, but by the end of March just two of the Chinese students reported they had secured a job.
考克斯商學(xué)院最初希望在項(xiàng)目的第二年擴(kuò)招一倍學(xué)生，可是阿姆斯特朗說，在經(jīng)歷了為中國(guó)學(xué)生（41名學(xué)生中有19名是中國(guó)學(xué)生）找工作的艱辛歷程之后學(xué)院“縮減了”計(jì)劃。學(xué)院為學(xué)生的面試牽線搭橋，但是到三月底為止，只有兩名中國(guó)學(xué)生稱他們已經(jīng)找到了工作。
