//開始匹配
        private void btnStartMatch_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //準備輪廓（這里只比較最外圍的輪廓）
            Image<Bgr, Byte> image1 = new Image<Bgr, byte>((Bitmap)pbImage1.Image);
            Image<Bgr, Byte> image2 = new Image<Bgr, byte>((Bitmap)pbImage2.Image);
            Image<Gray, Byte> imageGray1 = image1.Convert<Gray, Byte>();
            Image<Gray, Byte> imageGray2 = image2.Convert<Gray, Byte>();
            Image<Gray, Byte> imageThreshold1 = imageGray1.ThresholdBinaryInv(new Gray(128d), new Gray(255d));
            Image<Gray, Byte> imageThreshold2 = imageGray2.ThresholdBinaryInv(new Gray(128d), new Gray(255d));
            Contour<Point> contour1 = imageThreshold1.FindContours(CHAIN_APPROX_METHOD.CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, RETR_TYPE.CV_RETR_EXTERNAL);
            Contour<Point> contour2 = imageThreshold2.FindContours(CHAIN_APPROX_METHOD.CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, RETR_TYPE.CV_RETR_EXTERNAL);
            /*if (contour1.Perimeter / 50 > 2 && contour2.Perimeter / 50 > 2)
            {
                contour1 = contour1.ApproxPoly(contour1.Perimeter / 50, 2, new MemStorage());    //對輪廓進行多邊形逼近（參數設為輪廓周長的1/50）
                contour2 = contour2.ApproxPoly(contour2.Perimeter / 50, 2, new MemStorage());
            }*/
            //進行匹配
            string result = "";
            if (rbHuMoments.Checked)
                result = MatchShapes(contour1, contour2);       //Hu矩匹配
            else if (rbContourTree.Checked)
                result = MatchContourTrees(contour1, contour2); //輪廓樹匹配
            else if (rbPGH.Checked)
                result = MatchPghHist(contour1, contour2);      //成對幾何直方圖匹配
            txtResult.Text += result;
        }

        //Hu矩匹配
        private string MatchShapes(Contour<Point> contour1, Contour<Point> contour2)
        {
            //匹配方法
            CONTOURS_MATCH_TYPE matchType = rbHuI1.Checked ? CONTOURS_MATCH_TYPE.CV_CONTOUR_MATCH_I1 : (rbHuI2.Checked ? CONTOURS_MATCH_TYPE.CV_CONTOURS_MATCH_I2 : CONTOURS_MATCH_TYPE.CV_CONTOURS_MATCH_I3);
            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
            sw.Start();
            //匹配
            double matchValue = contour1.MatchShapes(contour2, matchType);
            sw.Stop();
            double time = sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds;
            return string.Format("Hu矩匹配（{0:G}），結果：{1:F05}，用時：{2:F05}毫秒\r\n", matchType, matchValue, time);
        }

        //輪廓樹匹配
        private string MatchContourTrees(Contour<Point> contour1, Contour<Point> contour2)
        {
            //生成輪廓樹
            double thresholdOfCreate = double.Parse(txtThresholdOfCreateContourTrees.Text); //生成輪廓樹的閥值
            IntPtr ptrTree1 = CvInvoke.cvCreateContourTree(contour1.Ptr, new MemStorage().Ptr, thresholdOfCreate);
            IntPtr ptrTree2 = CvInvoke.cvCreateContourTree(contour2.Ptr, new MemStorage().Ptr, thresholdOfCreate);
            //匹配
            double thresholdOfMatch = double.Parse(txtThresholdOfMatchContourTrees.Text);   //比較輪廓樹的閥值
            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
            sw.Start();
            double matchValue = CvInvoke.cvMatchContourTrees(ptrTree1, ptrTree2, MATCH_CONTOUR_TREE_METHOD.CONTOUR_TREES_MATCH_I1, thresholdOfMatch);
            sw.Stop();
            double time = sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds;
            return string.Format("輪廓樹匹配（生成輪廓樹的閥值：{0}，比較輪廓樹的閥值：{1}），結果：{2:F05}，用時：{3:F05}毫秒\r\n", thresholdOfCreate, thresholdOfMatch, matchValue, time);
        }

        //成對幾何直方圖匹配
        private string MatchPghHist(Contour<Point> contour1, Contour<Point> contour2)
        {
            //生成成對幾何直方圖
            Rectangle rect1 = contour1.BoundingRectangle;
            float maxDist1 = (float)Math.Sqrt(rect1.Width * rect1.Width + rect1.Height * rect1.Height); //輪廓的最大距離：這里使用輪廓矩形邊界框的對角線長度
            int[] bins1 = new int[] { 60, 20 };
            RangeF[] ranges1 = new RangeF[] { new RangeF(0f, 180f), new RangeF(0f, maxDist1) };     //直方圖第0維為角度，范圍在(0,180)，第2維為輪廓兩條邊緣線段的距離
            DenseHistogram hist1 = new DenseHistogram(bins1, ranges1);
            CvInvoke.cvCalcPGH(contour1.Ptr, hist1.Ptr);
            Rectangle rect2 = contour2.BoundingRectangle;
            float maxDist2 = (float)Math.Sqrt(rect2.Width * rect2.Width + rect2.Height * rect2.Height);
            int[] bins2 = new int[] { 60, 20 };
            RangeF[] ranges2 = new RangeF[] { new RangeF(0f, 180f), new RangeF(0f, maxDist2) };
            DenseHistogram hist2 = new DenseHistogram(bins2, ranges2);
            CvInvoke.cvCalcPGH(contour2.Ptr, hist2.Ptr);
            //匹配
            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
            sw.Start();
            double compareResult;
            HISTOGRAM_COMP_METHOD compareMethod = rbHistCorrel.Checked ? HISTOGRAM_COMP_METHOD.CV_COMP_CORREL : (rbHistChisqr.Checked ? HISTOGRAM_COMP_METHOD.CV_COMP_CHISQR : (rbHistIntersect.Checked ? HISTOGRAM_COMP_METHOD.CV_COMP_INTERSECT : HISTOGRAM_COMP_METHOD.CV_COMP_BHATTACHARYYA));
            if (rbHistEmd.Checked)
            {
                //EMD
                //將直方圖轉換成矩陣
                Matrix<Single> matrix1 = FormProcessHist.ConvertDenseHistogramToMatrix(hist1);
                Matrix<Single> matrix2 = FormProcessHist.ConvertDenseHistogramToMatrix(hist2);
                compareResult = CvInvoke.cvCalcEMD2(matrix1.Ptr, matrix2.Ptr, DIST_TYPE.CV_DIST_L2, null, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
                matrix1.Dispose();
                matrix2.Dispose();
            }
            else
            {
                //直方圖對比方式
                hist1.Normalize(1d);
                hist2.Normalize(1d);
                compareResult = CvInvoke.cvCompareHist(hist1.Ptr, hist2.Ptr, compareMethod);
            }
            sw.Stop();
            double time = sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds;
            return string.Format("成對幾何直方圖匹配（匹配方式：{0}），結果：{1:F05}，用時：{2:F05}毫秒\r\n", rbHistEmd.Checked ? "EMD" : compareMethod.ToString("G"), compareResult, time);
        }