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高中英語(yǔ)熟詞生義例釋 《新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》，《普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試說(shuō)明》中的詞匯表是命題人的主要依據(jù)，而這個(gè)詞匯表只提供了英語(yǔ)單詞或短語(yǔ)的拼寫(xiě)形式，未有詞性和詞義。這就給命題人提供了廣闊的活動(dòng)空間，給他們減少了很多限制，但卻給考生增加了數(shù)倍的難度。因?yàn)橛⒄Z(yǔ)中的一詞多義多性現(xiàn)象是非常普遍存在的。單選題如此，完形填空、閱讀理解、閱讀表達(dá)等題中熟詞生義現(xiàn)象更是比比皆是。為了能使我們廣大考生順利通過(guò)考試，我們根據(jù)《新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》、《考試說(shuō)明》的詞匯表所列詞匯，按照字母順序逐一解析高考及平時(shí)考試中屢屢遇到的，使學(xué)生感到極為棘手的熟詞生義。 A 1.about：（熟義：關(guān)于） We spent the whole afternoon walking about town．prep．＆adv．到處＝（美）around 2. absent 熟義：adj. 缺席的） He looked at me in an absent way. adj. 茫然的，恍惚的 3. abuse 熟義：v 濫用，謾罵 She is quite a successful career woman, but actually she's much abused at home. v. 虐待 4.accept vt．＆vi．①同意（接受別人的觀點(diǎn)，看法）（熟義：接受） Tom accepted her explanation．湯姆同意她的解釋。 ②認(rèn)可，領(lǐng)受，認(rèn)為 I accept that the aircraft has no choice but to crash into the sea．飛機(jī)只有墜入大海，別無(wú)他法， 我只好認(rèn)命了。 5. accommodate 熟義：住宿，留宿 This hotel can accommodate more than 5oo guests. vt 容納 He accommodated me when I asked him for help. v. 準(zhǔn)予，提供 6. ache 熟義： v/n 疼痛 He was aching for home. v. 渴望 7．a(chǎn)ct vi．熟義：行動(dòng) It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act．（vi.起作用） 只需幾分鐘，藥物就起作用了。 8. acknowledge 熟義：vt. 承認(rèn)，道謝 He acknowledged me by lifting his hat. vt. 對(duì)...打招呼 9. across prep. 熟義： prep. 越過(guò) The two roads cut across each other. 與...交叉，與...成十字 10. advance 熟義：v/n 前進(jìn)，推進(jìn) she asked me for an advance on her salary. n. 預(yù)付（款）， Share prices showed significant advances today. n. 增加 11.add （熟義：加） “They don't know．”he added．“ vt．接著說(shuō)，又說(shuō)；補(bǔ)充說(shuō) 12.address vt．①稱呼（熟義：地址，寫(xiě)地址） The president should be addressed as“Mr President．”總統(tǒng)應(yīng)稱為“總統(tǒng)先生”。 ②直接向……說(shuō)③向……發(fā)表演說(shuō) She turned to address the man on her left．她轉(zhuǎn)身過(guò)去，向她左邊的那人講話。 He is going to address the meeting in a minute．他一會(huì)兒就要在大會(huì)上講話了。 It is said that our headmaster will address the meeting. vt. 向...發(fā)表演說(shuō) 13.admit vt．（熟義：承認(rèn)） The servant opened the door and admitted me（into the house）．允許進(jìn)入 The theatre only admits 1，000 persons．容納 14. against （熟義：反對(duì)，違背） The picture looks good against the white wall．prep．襯著，迎著，靠著 15. age 熟義：n, 年齡 Worry aged him rapidly. v. 使變老 16. agree with （熟義：同意） Your story agrees with what I heard．與……一致， Long plane trips don't agree with me．協(xié)調(diào)，適合 17.air （熟義：n．空氣） Don't air your troubles too often． v. 抒發(fā)；傾訴；傳播）不要經(jīng)常發(fā)牢騷。 There was a comfortable air about her room. n. 樣子，神態(tài)，氣氛 18. alive 熟義：adj. 活著的 The street are alive with people. adj. 充滿（活的或動(dòng)的東西） 19. alone 熟義：adv. 單獨(dú)地，一個(gè)人地 She alone was able to answer the question. adv. 僅僅，只有 20. amount 熟義：n. 量 The cost amounted to $ 2000. v. 達(dá)到，共計(jì) What you have said amounts to a refusal. 相當(dāng)于 21. announce 熟義：宣布 Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring. vt. 顯示，預(yù)告 22. appreciate 熟義：v. 欣賞，感激，感謝 I appreciate that I may be wrong. v. 意識(shí)到=realize We appreciate the danger ahead. v. 意識(shí)到 23. arrival 熟義：n. 到達(dá) All stood up to welcome the new arrival. n. 到達(dá)的人或事物 24. at all（熟義：常與not連用，構(gòu)成not at all：不用謝，一點(diǎn)也不。） If it is at all foggy，I shall not go out．真的，確實(shí) This is the first time that I have ever been abroad at all．真的，確實(shí) 25. arm （熟義：n．手臂） Lay down your arms or we'll fire！ n．武器v．武裝 26. attend （熟義：出席） Dr．Parialal Lal attends him．vt．＆vi．看護(hù)，治療 If you go out，who'll attend to the baby？如果你走了，誰(shuí)來(lái)照看嬰兒？ The nurse attended to him day and night. v. 看護(hù)；治療 27. arrange 熟義： v. 安排；整理 I've arranged with the neighbours about filling the manager's job. v. 商量 28. arrest 熟義：vt. 逮捕 The new medicine arrested the spread of the disease. vt. 停止，阻止 29. assume 熟義：vt. 假定，以為 He will assume the directorship of the project. vt. 擔(dān)任 30. absolute 熟義：adj; 完全的，絕對(duì)的 The police have absolute proof that he was the murderer. adj. 確切的 31. accompany 熟義：vt. 陪伴，伴奏 Strong winds accompanied the heavy rain. v.伴隨 32. account for 熟義：解釋說(shuō)明...的原因；占...比例 His illness accounts for his absence. 因?yàn)?/P> 33. aggressive 熟義：adj. 好斗的，侵略的 If he wants to succeed, he has to be aggressive. adj. 進(jìn)取的 34. alike 熟義：adj/adv. 想象地；相似的 Teachers should care for all the pupils alike. adv. 同樣地 35. allergic 熟義：adj. 過(guò)敏的 I am allergic to those who could not give help. adj. 對(duì)...十分厭惡 36. allow 熟義：v. 允許 This diet allows you one glass of wine a day. vt. 使可能 37. ample 熟義：adj. 足夠的，豐裕的 That you stay abroad will give you ample chances to learn a new language. adj. 廣泛的 38. aspect 熟義：n. 方面 a man with an impressive aspect n. 面貌，外表，樣子，外觀 39. available adj. 熟義： adj. 可得到的，可找到的 The worthy professor is now available. （人）有空的 40. advance 熟義： v./n 前進(jìn)，推進(jìn) She asked for an advance on her salary. n. 預(yù)付（款） Share prices showed significant advances today. n. 增加 41. advise 熟義： vt. 建議 Please advise us of the arrival of the goods. vt. 通知 42. against 熟義： prep. 逆著，反對(duì)；倚，靠，碰 The picture looks nice against the white wall. prep. 映襯 B 43. balance 熟義： n/v 平衡 I must check my bank balance. n. 差額，余款 The school aims to balance the amount of time spent on arts and science subjects. v. 權(quán)衡 44．back （熟義：n．背） Many of his friends backed his plan．vt．支持 45. badly adv．（熟義：壞） The boy badly wants a new bike．a(chǎn)dv. 迫切 46. bar 熟義：棒，條，吧間 Poor health may be a bar to success in life. n. 障礙 47. become 熟義：v. 變得，變成 Her new hat certainly becomes her. vt. 適于，適合 48. before conj．才；就（熟義：以前） It was a long time before I got to sleep again．過(guò)了很久我才再睡著。 I hadn't waited long before he came．我沒(méi)有等多久，他就來(lái)了。 49. behaviour 熟義：n. 舉止，行為 The behaviour of this computer is moderately good. n. 性能，特點(diǎn) 50. blank 熟義： adj. 空白的 n. 空白 The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look. adj. 沒(méi)表情的，空虛的，沒(méi)興趣的 I can't think where I've left my umbrella; my mind's a complete blank. n. 記憶中的空白，遺忘 51. blue 熟義：adj/n 藍(lán)色 His songs always make me feel blue. adj. 憂傷的 52. beside 熟義：prep. 在...旁邊 Beside your earlier work ,this piece seems rather disappointing. prep. 與...相比 53. build 熟義：v. 建設(shè) The athlete has a solid build. n. 身材，體形 54. bare 熟義：adj. 裸露的 He likes to bare his heart/soul with his close friends. vt. 向某人袒露心聲 55. bear 熟義： vt. 忍受，容忍 He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars. v. 顯示，帶有 56. bitter 熟義: adj. 苦的，痛苦的 Why was she so bitter against Mr. Smith? adj. 強(qiáng)烈的(...如此強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)...） 57. blanket 熟義： n. 毯子 The whole village was blanketed with heavy snow. vt. 以厚層覆蓋 (譯:... 覆蓋著厚厚的雪) 58. break down［熟義：（機(jī)器等）壞了］ All our plans broke down．（計(jì)劃）失敗，堅(jiān)持不下去。 59. bring （熟義：帶來(lái)） The cries brought the neighbours running．v．引起 60. build （熟義：v．修建） The football player has a solid build．n．身材，體型 61. build up 熟義： 建立，增強(qiáng)...體質(zhì) The noise is building up until she could not stand it. 增高，加強(qiáng) 62. burst 熟義： v. 使爆炸，破裂 The storm burst and we all got wet. v. 突然爆發(fā) 63. bond 熟義：v. 使牢固結(jié)合 adj. 一定會(huì) I don't like being desk-bound all day. adj. 受...約束 Mothers who are depressed sometimes fail to bond with their children. v. 發(fā)展或建立信賴和親切 關(guān)系 64.burning 熟義：adj. 熾熱的 She is burning to tell you the news. adj. 感情等強(qiáng)烈的 C 65. can （熟義：能） Mother cans fruit．n．罐頭vt．做成罐頭 66. capital 熟義： n. 首都，首府；資本 Our capital task at the moment is to persuade her to calm down. adj. 極嚴(yán)重的，根本的 67．cause （ 熟義：n．起因，v．引起） The UN has done a lot for the cause of world peace．聯(lián)合國(guó)為世界和平事業(yè)做了許多貢獻(xiàn)。 We are struggling for revolutionary cause. n．事業(yè) 68. celebrate 熟義： vt. 慶祝 He celebrated her for her courage. vt. 稱頌，贊揚(yáng) 69．chance （熟義：機(jī)會(huì)） There is a chance that I will see him．n．可能性 We chanced to be out when she called．v．碰巧 70. check 熟義： vt. 檢查 We should check the spread of the disease. vt. 阻止，制止 71..choice 熟義： n. 選擇 Some of his remarks are really choice. adj. 斟酌得當(dāng)?shù)?/P> 72. civil 熟義：adj. 公民的，國(guó)內(nèi)的 He is a civil person. adj. 有禮貌的，彬彬有禮的 73. class 熟義：n. 班級(jí) It is no doubt that the professional classes do a much better job than those who are not. n. 階級(jí)，階層，等級(jí) 74. climate 熟義： n. 氣候 The cultural climate here is somehow a little upsetting. n. 風(fēng)氣；思潮；傾向 cloudy 熟義：adj. 陰天的，多云的 Who did it still remains cloudy. adj. 不明朗的，不清晰的 75. coach 熟義：n. 教練 She coached me in English. v. 輔導(dǎo)，指導(dǎo) 76. command 熟義： v. 命令，指揮 His bravery commanded our respect. .v. 博得，贏得contains v. 制服；抑制 77. contain 熟義： v. 含有，包含；克制 The man was later contained by the police. v. 制服 He is too excited to contain his laughter. vt. 抑制 78. count 熟義：n/v 計(jì)算，數(shù) There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers. vt. 包括 It is not how much you read but what you read that counts. vt. 重要，有價(jià)值 She was counted among the greatest dancers. vt. 視為，以為 79. couple 熟義：n. 一對(duì)，一雙；一對(duì)夫婦或情侶 The dining car was coupled onto the last coach. v. 連接，聯(lián)合 （餐車與最后一節(jié)車相連） 80. come back①重新流行②頂嘴③回想起來(lái)（熟義：回來(lái)） Do you think long dresses will ever come back？你認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)裙子還會(huì)再流行嗎？ He came back at her with a nasty remark．他以惡毒的語(yǔ)言回?fù)羲?/P> It's suddenly to come back where I saw you last．突然，我想起上次我在什么地方見(jiàn)過(guò)你。 81. come in開(kāi)始流行；上市；上臺(tái)執(zhí)政；承擔(dān)（任務(wù)）（熟義：進(jìn)來(lái)） This style is certain to come in this year．今年這種款式肯定流行。 If the Workers'Party comes in at the next election a lot of industry will be state-owned．如果工人黨下屆上臺(tái)執(zhí)政，許多工業(yè)都將收為國(guó)有。 Here is the plan of attack，and this is where you come in.這是我們的攻擊計(jì)劃,這是你要執(zhí)行的 任務(wù)。 82. come on進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展；開(kāi)始（下雨）；上映，上演，舉行（熟義：快過(guò)來(lái)） How has he come on at school this year？他今年學(xué)業(yè)進(jìn)展如何？ The rain has just come on．雨剛開(kāi)始下。 The next exam comes on in early summer．下次考試將在夏初進(jìn)行。 83 . come out①出版；②開(kāi)花；③結(jié)果（如何）（熟義：出來(lái)） Everything will come out all right．一切都會(huì)好的。 84. company n．有人作伴；伙伴；客人（均為不可數(shù)）（熟義：公司） You may know a man by the company he keeps．你可以從一個(gè)人所交的朋友了解他的為人。 He came in company with a group of girls．他是和一群女孩子來(lái)的。 85. concert （熟義：音樂(lè)會(huì)） 86. The various governments decided to act in concert over this matter.各級(jí)政府決定互相配合處理此事。 The team made a concerted effort to win the game．n．協(xié)作，一致 86. cost vt．使失去（生命、健康等）（熟義：花費(fèi)；值……） The patient's dangerous condition cost the doctors and nurses many a sleepless night．病人的危險(xiǎn)狀態(tài)使醫(yī)生、護(hù)士好幾夜不曾合眼。 87. count ；［熟義：數(shù)（數(shù)目）］ Every minute counts．vi．重要 On the whole she counted herself a fortunate wife． vt．認(rèn)為 88. cover 熟義：v．走完（一段路），看完（多少頁(yè)書(shū)）；涉及；報(bào)導(dǎo)，覆蓋 Here is ￡5；that should cover all your expenses．v. 夠付（費(fèi)用） 89. course 熟義： n. 課程，過(guò)程 The main course was a vegetable stew. n. 一道菜（譯：這道主菜是蔬菜燉肉） 90. cross 熟義： v. 跨越，橫穿 n. 十字 Don't be cross with him---- after all, he meant to help. adj. 生氣的 91. cut 熟義：vt 砍，割，切 His rude remarks cut me. vt. 傷感情 92. case 熟義： n. 情況，狀況 There are three cases of fever in school. n. 病例，案例 93. casual 熟義： adj. 偶然的，隨意的 He was employed as a casual labourer. adj. 臨時(shí)的 94. cater 熟義： v. 為社交活動(dòng)提供飲食；承辦酒席; TV must cater for many different tastes. v. 滿足需要，迎合 95. caution 熟義：n. 謹(jǐn)慎 The teacher cautioned him against being late. v. 告誡，提醒 96. chance 熟義：n. 機(jī)會(huì) She chanced to be in when he called. v. 碰巧 97.choke 熟義： v. 窒息，哽咽 I managed to choke back my tears. v. 強(qiáng)忍住，抑制，克制 98. charge 熟義：索價(jià)，收費(fèi)；指控，控告 Mother charged Alice to take good care of the baby. v. 賦予...責(zé)任或義務(wù) 99. challenge 熟義： v. 挑戰(zhàn) I challenged him to a game of chess. v. 強(qiáng)烈建議干某事 100. clean 熟義：adj. 干凈的 I clean forgot about it. adv. 徹底地，完全地 |
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