一、小結(jié)初中英語反意疑問句
反意疑問句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)是:"陳述句+附加問句"。附加問句部分與陳述句部分在人稱。時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)等方面須一致,而且"前否后肯,前肯后否"。在做反意疑問句改寫時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意下列情況: 1. 陳述句部分的主語是one時(shí),附加問句部分主語正式場(chǎng)合用one,非正式場(chǎng)合用he。例如: One should do one's best for the work, shouldn't one(he)? One must do one's duty, needn't one(he)? 2. 陳述句部分是I'm...時(shí),附加問句部分常用aren't I? 例如: I'm twelve, aren't I? I'm a good driver, aren't I? 3. 陳述句部分是there be時(shí), 附加問句部分也要用there。例如: There is some milk in the bottle, isn't there? There are many people in the park on Sunday, aren't there? 4. 陳述句部分以let's開頭時(shí),附加問句部分要用shall we;若以 let us開頭時(shí),附加問句部分要用 will you? 例如: Let's have a break, shall we? Let us stop here, will you? 5. 陳述句部分的主語是everybody, everyone, someone, anyone, no one, nobody, somebody等不定代詞時(shí),附加問句部分可用he,也可用they。例如: Everyone knows his own language, doesn't he? Everybody enjoyed the film, didn't he/they? 6. 陳述句部分有never, none, nothing, no等否定詞或few, little, hardly 等半否定詞時(shí),附加問句部分要用肯定形式。例如: You never read this novel, do you? Few people can live to 150, can they? 7. 當(dāng)陳述句部分是一個(gè)含有從句的主從復(fù)合句時(shí),附加問句部分的形式要看主句,其主語及動(dòng)詞都要與主句保持一致。例如: He says she is a good teacher, doesn't he? They said the teacher had left, didn't they? 但當(dāng)主句是I think, I believe等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),附加問句部分形式要看從句。例如: I think she is all right now, isn't she? I don't believe he is here, is he? 8. 陳述句部分是祈使句的否定形式時(shí),附加問句部分常用will you? 例如: Don't make any noise, will you? 二、初中英語18種特殊的反意疑問句 1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you構(gòu)成反意疑問句,用will you 多表示“請(qǐng)求”,用won't you 多表示提醒對(duì)方注意。例如: Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板,好嗎? Let引導(dǎo)的祈使句有兩種情況: 1)Let's...,后的反意疑問句用shall we或shan't we。例如: Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧,好嗎? 還可以用may I來表示征求對(duì)方的同意或許可。 2)Let us/me...后的反意疑問句用will you或won't you。例如: Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 讓我試一試,行嗎? 2.感嘆句。感嘆句后加反意疑問句時(shí),其反意疑問句需用be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的否定形式。例如: What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天氣啊,是吧? 3. 當(dāng)陳述部分謂語動(dòng)詞是need, dare, used to,且這些詞被用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí),其反意疑問句需用do的適當(dāng)形式。例如: He needs help, doesn't he?他需要幫助,是嗎? 4.陳述部分主、謂語是I am...時(shí),反意疑問句用aren't I 或ain't I ,而不是am not I (可用am I not)。例如: I'm working now, ain't I? 我在工作,是嗎? 5.陳述部分的主語是everything, nothing, anything或something 時(shí),反意疑問句的主語應(yīng)用代詞it。例如: Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音機(jī)出毛病了,是吧? 6.陳述部分的主語是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 時(shí), 其反意疑問句的主語需用復(fù)數(shù)代詞they。例如: Everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了,是嗎? No one knows about it, do they? 沒有人知道這件事,對(duì)嗎? 7.陳述部分的主語是指示代詞this或that時(shí),反意疑問句的主語用it,當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是指示代詞these或those時(shí),其反意疑問句的主語用they。例如: This is a plane, isn't it? 這是一架飛機(jī),是嗎? These are grapes,aren't they? 這些是葡萄,是嗎? 8.陳述部分的主語是不定代詞one時(shí),反意疑問句的主語可以用one,也可用you(美式英語用he)。例如: One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one? 每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該樂于助人,是吧? 9.當(dāng)陳述部分含有以下這些含有否定意義的詞時(shí):few, little, seldom,hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等,其反意疑問句需用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。例如: He is never late for school, is he? 他上學(xué)從不遲到,是嗎? 10.當(dāng)陳述部分所含的否定詞是通過加前綴或后綴構(gòu)成的,其后的反意疑問句依然用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。例如: It is unfair, isn't it? 這不公平,是吧? 11.含有否定含義的詞在陳述部分作動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí),其反意疑問句用肯定結(jié)構(gòu),也可以用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。例如: You got nothing from him, did you? 你從他那兒什么也沒得到,是嗎? 12.當(dāng)陳述部分主語是從句、不定式(短語)、動(dòng)詞-ing形式時(shí),反意疑問句的主語應(yīng)該用it。例如: What you need is more important, isn't it?你需要的東西更重要,是吧? 13.當(dāng)陳述部分含I think (believe, suppose...)that... 結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),其反意疑問句須與從句的主、謂語保持一致,注意主句的主語必須是第一人稱。例如: I don't think he will come, will he? 我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來,對(duì)嗎? 14.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做謂語時(shí),其反意疑問句的助動(dòng)詞要用do, does, did。例如: They had a meeting just now,didn't they? 他們剛才開了個(gè)會(huì),是嗎? 15.陳述部分有have to 時(shí),其反意疑問句要用助動(dòng)詞的否定形式。例如: You have to water the vegetables every day, don't you?你每天都要澆菜,對(duì)吧? 16.陳述部分是there be句型時(shí),其反意疑問句中要用there。例如: There was a hospital here, wasn't there? 過去這兒有家醫(yī)院,是嗎? 17.陳述部分有had better時(shí),反意疑問句中要用hadn't。例如: We had better go to school at once, hadn't we? 我們現(xiàn)在最好馬上去上學(xué),好嗎? 18.當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must時(shí),我們便要分析一下must的含義。如果must 作“一定;要;必須”講,反意疑問句須用mustn't或needn't;而當(dāng)must作推測(cè)意義“一定是;必定”講時(shí),反意疑問句則需根據(jù)must后的動(dòng)詞原形選用相應(yīng)的形式。例如: He must work hard at physics, mustn't he? 他必須努力學(xué)物理,是吧? Tom must be at home,isn't he? 湯姆一定在家,是吧? |
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