反意疑問句分類歸納

其基本規(guī)則十分簡單，即①. 如陳述部分是肯定的，則反問部分用否定形式；如陳述部分是否定的，則反問部分用肯定形式。②. 反問部分在時態(tài)、人稱及其他方面必須和陳述部分保持一致。

   1．與含否定意義的詞有關的反意疑問句 (檢測題: 1—4 )

    如果陳述部分含有never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no, nothing, nobody, few, little等具有否定意義的詞，應將該句視為否定句，其反問部分要用肯定式。例如：

They have never met each other before, have they?

You have nothing more to say, have you?

Few people know him, do they?

2．與主語有關的反意疑問句 (檢測題: 5—10 )

（1）如果陳述部分的主語是指示代詞this或that，或是不定代詞something, anything, nothing, everything等，由于它們是第三人稱單數(shù)并且指代事物，其反問部分的主語為it。 例如：

This / That is your bike, isn’t it?

Nothing can stop us now, can it?

（2）如果陳述部分的主語是不定代詞someone(body), anyone(body), everyone(body), no one, nobody 等，由于它們是第三人稱單數(shù)并且指代人，其反問部分的主語可以是they也可以是泛指第三人稱單數(shù)的he。例如：

Everyone passed the exam, didn’t they / he?

Someone is coming, aren’t they / isn’t he ?

Anyone can see it, can’t they / he?

（3）如果陳述部分的主語是指示代詞these 或those，應把它們視為第三人稱復數(shù)，其反問部分的主語為they。例如：

These / Those aren’t guitars, are they?

（4）如果陳述句部分是以I am開頭，由于am not沒有縮寫形式，所以其反問部分用aren’t 或ain’t或am I not。例如：

I am a worker, aren’t I / ain’t I / am I not?

(5)如果陳述句部分的主語是none of...，其反問部分的主語應分別用it、we、you或they來代替。例如：

None of the food was wasted, was it?（注：food不可數(shù)，視為第三人稱單數(shù)。）

None of us are perfect, are we?

None of you went to the cinema, did you?

None of the students heard the news, did they?

（6）如果陳述句部分的主語是some of...，其反問部分的主語分別用we或they代替。例如：

Some of us wanted to stay longer, didn’t we? （注：本句中的some 包括說話人）

On the way back, some of us lost the way, didn’t they? （注：本句中的some不包括說話人）

（7）如果陳述句部分的主語是one，其反問部分的主語仍然用one。例如：

One should be strict with oneself, shouldn’t one?

(8) 如果陳述句部分是由并列連詞連接的兩個或兩個以上的單數(shù)名詞作主語，其反問部分的主語要用復數(shù)。例如：

Neither you nor I am a doctor, are we?

3．與謂語有關的反意疑問句 (檢測題: 11—22 )

（1）如果陳述部分含有表推測的情態(tài)動詞must, can等，其反問部分不能用情態(tài)動詞，而應根據(jù)具體情況而定。例如：

He must be a teacher, isn’t he?

(思路：He must be a teacher. à He is a teacher.)

She must have arrived there yesterday, didn’t she?

(思路：She must have arrived there yesterday. à She arrived there yesterday.)

You must have made the mistake, haven’t you?

(思路：You must have made the mistake. à You have made the mistake.)

但是如果陳述部分含有不表推測的情態(tài)動詞must, can等，則不屬此例，試比較：

He must find the proof, mustn’t he?

（2）如果陳述句部分的謂語含有帶否定前綴dis-, un-, im-或否定后綴-less的詞(dislike, discourage, be unfair/ untrue/ unable, etc.)，仍按肯定句處理，其反問部分要用否定式。例如：

You dislike it, don’t you?

The patient is unable to move round, isn’t he?

The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, didn’t it?

但是如果陳述句中的謂語是disappear, be unnecessary等, 則不屬此例，要按否定句處理，其反問部分要用肯定式。例如：

It is unnecessary to buy a bigger computer, is it?

（3）如果陳述句部分的謂語是“有”動詞have、has或had，其反問部分既可用have的適當形式，也可用do的適當形式。例如：

Tom has an interesting book, hasn’t / doesn’t he?

（4）如果陳述句部分的謂語是不作“有”講的行為動詞have、has或had，其反問部分只能用do的適當形式。例如：

You have headaches, don’t you?

You had a good time yesterday, didn’t you?

（5）如果陳述句部分的謂語是have to或has to，其反問部分只能用do的適當形式。例如：

Alice has to finish her homework now, doesn’t she?

（6）如果陳述句部分的謂語是had better，其反問部分只能用hadn’t。例如：

You had better stay in bed till tomorrow, hadn’t you?

(7) 如果陳述句部分的謂語含有used to，其反問部分既可用use(d)n’t，也可用didn’t。例如：

There used to be some trees in this field, use(d)n’t / didn’t there?

You used to smoke a pipe, use(d)n’t / didn’t you?

(8) 如果陳述句部分的謂語含有ought to，其反問部分既可用oughtn’t，也可用shouldn’t。例如：

Zhou Lan ought to pass the National College Entrance Examinations, oughtn’t / shouldn’t she?

(9) 如果陳述句部分的謂語是表示愿望的wish，其反問部分只能用may（的肯定式）。例如：

I wish to go to Beijing for a short visit, may I?

4. 與祈使句有關的反意疑問句 (檢測題: 23—27 )

（1）以表示建議的肯定祈使句開頭的反意疑問句，其疑問部分通常為will you，也可以是won’t you。（我們可以把該祈使句轉換成一個表示委婉建議的疑問句來考慮。）例如：

Please turn down the radio, will / won’t you?

（思路：Please turn down the radio.à Will you please turn down the radio?）

Wait for a moment, will / won’t you?

（思路：Wait for a moment. à Will you wait for a moment?）

(2) 以否定祈使句開頭的反意疑問句，其疑問部分為will you。（思路同上。）例如：

Please don’t draw on the wall, will you?

(3) 以Let’s開頭，表示建議的祈使句，由于句中的主語實際上包括聽、說雙方，所以其疑問部分為shall / shan’t we。例如：

Let’s have a rest, shall / shan’t we?

(4) 由Let’s not開頭，表示建議的祈使句，其疑問部分用all right或O. K.。例如：

Let’s not go shopping, all right / OK?

(5) 以Let us / me開頭，征詢意見的祈使句，由于句中的主語實際上僅指對方，所以其疑問部分為will you。 例如：

Let us go there, will you ?

Let me have another try, will you?

5．與感嘆句有關的反意疑問句 (檢測題: 28—29 )

如果陳述部分是感嘆句，其反問部分要用否定式。如果陳述部分有省略，要將省略部分恢復后才能確定反問部分的寫法。例如：

What a beautiful day (it is ), isn’t it?

How clever the girl is, isn’t she?

6．與there be…句型有關的反意疑問句 (檢測題: 30—32 )

如果陳述句部分是there be…句型，其反問部分要用…there。例如：

There is a map on the wall, isn’t there?

比較：There goes the bus, doesn’t it? （注：本句并非there be…句型）

7．與復合句有關的反意疑問句 (檢測題: 33—38 )

（1）一般來說，如果陳述部分是主從復合句，其反問部分的主語和助動詞應與主句的主語和助動詞保持一致。因為這種復合句的重點在主句。例如：

If he hasn’t finished his work, he can’t go out to play, can he?

（2）以第一人稱(I / We)+ think / believe / know / imagine / suppose / guess / expect / etc.開頭的主從復合句，其疑問部分的主謂語應與從句的主謂語保持一致。因為這種復合句的重點在從句。例如：

I think he has arrived at the airport, hasn’t he?

（3）以第一人稱(I / We)+ don’t + think / believe / know / imagine / suppose / guess / expect / etc.開頭的主從復合句，則應將主句中的“否定”還原到從句中處理，即將該主從復合句轉換成一個具有否定含義的單句來考慮。例如：

I don’t believe she knows it, does she?

（思路：I don’t believe she knows it. à I believe she doesn’t know it. à She doesn’t know it.）

（4）以第二、三人稱 + think / believe / know / imagine / suppose / guess / expect / etc.開頭的主從復合句，視為一般的主從復合句，其反問部分的寫法與(1)同。例如：

You believe they will come, don’t you?

He believes they will come, doesn’t he?

反意疑問句過關檢測題

1. Linda ate nothing this morning, ___?

A. didn’t she B. was she C. did she D. wasn’t she

2. There’s hardly___ milk in the bottle, _____there?

A. no, isn’t B. some, is C. little, isn’t D. any, is

3. He has never ridden a horse before, ___?

A. does he B. has he C. hasn’t he D. doesn’t he

4. — He seldom came here, _____?

— Yes sir.

A. didn’t he B. does he C. doesn’t he D. did he

5. Everything seems all right, _____ ?

A. does it B. don’t they C. won’t it D. doesn’t it

6. Nobody was absent from the meeting, ____ ?

A. was it B. were they C. wasn’t he D. weren’t they

7. One can’t be too modest, can _____ ?

A. one B. he C. it D. we

8. No one failed in the exam, _____ ?

A. was he B. did one C. did they D. didn’t he

9. I’m a little late for class, _____ I?

A. amn’t B. am not C. isn’t D. ain’t

10. Neither you nor I am a artist, _____ ?

A. am I B. aren’t we C. are we D. ain’t I

11. He can’t be her father, _____ he?

A. is B. isn’t C. can D. can’t

12. They have no time to visit the museum, _____?

A. do they B. haven’t they C. don’t they D. will they

13. You have John do the work, _____?

A. do you B. don’t you C. haven’t you D. have you

14. You’d better go at once, _____ you?

A. hadn’t B. did C. didn’t D. don’t

15. You’d rather work than play, _____ you?

A. hadn’t B. wouldn’t C. didn’t D. mustn’t

16. You dare not do that, _____ you?

A. don’t B. do C. dare D. daren’t

17. You must be tired, _____ you?

A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. aren’t D. can’t

18. He dislikes the two subjects, _____ he?

A. does B. doesn’t C. is D. isn’t

19. These tools are useless now, _____ ?

A. are they B. aren’t they C. is it D. isn’t it

20. He used to get up at 6:30, _____ he?

A. didn’t he B. did he C. used he D. wouldn’t he

21. I wish to go home early, _____ I?

A. can B. must C. may D. do

22. He ought to win the first prize, _______ he?

A. mustn’t B. oughtn’t C. shouldn’t D. Both B and C.

23. Let’s go there by bus, ___?

A. will you B. shall we C. don’t you D. will you

24. Let us go to play football, ___?

A. will you B. shall we C. do we D. are we

25. Don’t forget to give Polly some food and change her water, ___?

A. will you B. shall we C. won’t you D. do you

26. — Let’s go shopping this afternoon, _____?

— All right.

A. will we B. shall we C. don’t we D. are we

27. — Pass me the dictionary, _____?

— Yes, with pleasure.

A. would you B. will you C. won’t you D. wouldn’t you

28. — What beautiful weather, _____ ?

— Yes, it is.

A. is it B. isn’t it C. am I right D. do you agree

29. What kind people, _____ they?

A. aren’t B. are C. won’t D. will

30. There is little water in the glass, ____?

A. isn’t there B. isn’t it C. is it D. is there

31. — They don’t seem to answer the phone.

— There isn’t anybody at home, _____?

A. isn’t there B. is there C. isn’t it D. is it

32. There won’t be any concert this Saturday evening, _____ ?

A. will there not B. will there C. is there D. won’t

33. — I guess she taught herself Japanese, ______?

— Yes.

A. don’t I B. did she C. do I D. didn’t she

34. I don’t believe you are right, _____ ?

A. are you B. do you C. won’t you D. do

35. She doesn’t think that Tom sings best in the class, _____ ?

A. does she B. doesn’t she C. does he D. doesn’t he

36. I told you that everybody couldn’t do it well, _____ ?

A. didn’t I B. could they C. could he D. did I

37. I know you didn’t want to hurt me, _____ ?

A. did you B. didn’t you C. do I D. don’t I

38. If my father were here he would be very happy, _____ ?

A. weren’t he B. were he C. wouldn’t he D. would he

Key: 1—5 CDBDD 6—10 BACDC 11—15 AABAB 16—20 CCBBA 21—25CDBAA 26—30 BBBAD 31—35 BBDAA 36—38 AAC

祈使句的反意疑問句

1. 基本原則

若陳述部分為祈使句，反意疑問句通常用will you, won’t you, would you等：

Mail the letter today, will you? 今天就把信發(fā)掉，好嗎?

Try to be back by two, won’t you? 設法兩點之前回來，好嗎?

If you want help, let me know, would you? 如果你需要幫助，告訴我，好嗎?

【注】若陳述部分為否定式，則反意疑問句部分只用will you：

Don’t forget to post the letter, will you? 請別忘了寄信。

有時根據(jù)語境的需要，反意疑問句也可以用can you, can’t you 等：

Give me some cigarettes, can you? 給我些香煙，可以嗎?

Walk faster, can’t you? 走快點，不行嗎?

一般說來，用will you, won’t you, would you 等構成的反意疑問句語氣較委婉。比較：

Be quiet, will you? 請安靜，好嗎?

Be quiet, can’t you? 你不能安靜點嗎?

2. 當祈使句為Let’s…時

反意疑問句總是用 shall we：

Let’s phone her now, shall we? 我們現(xiàn)在就給她打電話，好嗎?

Let’s go to the cinema tonight, shall we? 今晚咱們去看電影，好嗎？

 3. 當祈使句為Let us…時

若表示請求，反意疑問句用will you，若表示建議，反意疑問句用 shall we：

Let us know your address, will you? 請把你的地址告訴我們，好嗎?

Let us go swimming together, shall we? 我們一起去游泳好嗎?

【注】let’s…只表示建議，所以其后反意疑問句總是用shall we。而let us…既可表示建議請求，也可表示建議(較正式)，其后的反意疑問句要根據(jù)這兩種不同情況分別使用will you和shall we。

4. 當祈使句帶有主語時

有時祈使句帶有自己的主語，此時不要將其誤認為是陳述句：

Jim, you go there to help him, will you? 吉姆，你去那兒幫他，好嗎？

You girls stand in the front row, will you? 你們女孩子站在前排，好嗎？

【注】不要將這類祈使句誤認為是陳述句，而誤用don’t you這樣的反意疑問句。

 From: http://www./grammar/yiwenju/2011-01-14/133370_2.html