PL/SQL 3.3以上的版本中,UTL_FILE包允許用戶通過PL/SQL讀寫操作系統(tǒng)文件。如下: declare file_handle UTL_FILE.FILE_TYPE; begin file_handle := UTL_FILE.FOPEN('TMP', '文件名', 'w',[1-32767]); --四個參數(shù):目錄,文件名,打開方式,最大行數(shù)(默認為2000) UTL_FILE.PUTF(file_handle, '寫入的信息n'); UTL_FILE.FCLOSE(file_handle); exception WHEN utl_file.invalid_path THEN raise_application_error(-20000, 'ERROR: Invalid path for file or path not in INIT.ORA.'); end; PutF()過程用來以指定格式把文本寫入一個文件 Put_Line()過程把一個指定的字符串寫入文件并在文件中開始新的一行
9i中函數(shù)說明: UTL_FILE.FOPEN ( location IN VARCHAR2, filename IN VARCHAR2, open_mode IN VARCHAR2, max_linesize IN BINARY_INTEGER) RETURN file_type; Parameters Description location (IN) The directory location of the source file, a DIRECTORY_NAME from the ALL_DIRECTORIES view (case sensitive) filename File name, including extension (file type), without directory path. In Unix,the filename cannot end with /.
一個使用文件的測試 1、用sys用戶登錄到數(shù)據(jù)庫(ora9i):conn sys/orcl@eai01 as sysdba 2、在sqlplus中運行create or replace directory TMP as 'd:testtmp'; 在sqlplus中運行grant read on directory TMP to public 3、在scott用戶下建立存儲過程如:pReadFileTest CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE pReadFileTest (FPATH IN STRING,FNAME IN STRING,MAX_NUM IN NUMBER) IS FILE_HANDLE UTL_FILE.FILE_TYPE; TEXT_BUFFER STRING(1000); LINE_NUM NUMBER; BEGIN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('INPUT PATH='||FPATH); DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('INPUT FILENAME='||FNAME); LINE_NUM :=0; BEGIN FILE_HANDLE := UTL_FILE.FOPEN(FPATH,FNAME,'R',MAX_NUM); LOOP LINE_NUM:= LINE_NUM + 1; UTL_FILE.GET_LINE(FILE_HANDLE,TEXT_BUFFER); DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('LINE'||LINE_NUM||' : '||TEXT_BUFFER); END LOOP; EXCEPTION WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN RETURN; WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_PATH THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('INVALID PATH'); WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_MODE THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('INVALID MODE'); WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_FILEHANDLE THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('INVALID FILEHANDLE'); WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_OPERATION THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('INVALID OPERATION'); WHEN UTL_FILE.READ_ERROR THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('READ ERROR'); WHEN UTL_FILE.WRITE_ERROR THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('WRITE ERROR'); WHEN UTL_FILE.INTERNAL_ERROR THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('INTERNAL ERROR'); WHEN OTHERS THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM); END; EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('OTHER ERROR='||SQLERRM); END pReadFileTest; 4、在sqlplus中運行set serveroutput on 5、exec pReadFileTest('TMP','A.TXT','R') 6、正常輸出
小結(jié):在9i中可以不在init.ora中增加utl_file_dir目錄,而是在sys用戶下創(chuàng)建一個directory目錄(實際上是在sys用戶下的dir$表中增加一個對應的OS_PATH),然后將對該directory對象的讀/寫操作的權限grant給public。
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