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C#中RSA加密解密和簽名與驗(yàn)證的實(shí)現(xiàn) 收藏
RSA加密算法是一種非對稱加密算法。在公鑰加密標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和電子商業(yè)中RSA被廣泛使用。RSA是1977年由羅納德•李維斯特（Ron Rivest）、阿迪•薩莫爾（Adi Shamir）和倫納德•阿德曼（Leonard Adleman）一起提出的。當(dāng)時(shí)他們?nèi)硕荚诼槭±砉W(xué)院工作。RSA就是他們?nèi)诵帐祥_頭字母拼在一起組成的。.Net的推出，我們能夠利用.Net Framework中的類提供的加密服務(wù)來保證數(shù)據(jù)安全。目前應(yīng)用較為廣泛的加密方法是使用RSA算法進(jìn)行加密。在.Net Framework中與RSA加密算法相關(guān)的類主要有兩個：RSA 類和RSACryptoServiceProvider 類。按照MSDN的說法RSA 類是“表示 RSA 算法的所有實(shí)現(xiàn)均從中繼承的基類”，而RSACryptoServiceProvider 類是“使用加密服務(wù)提供程序 (CSP) 提供的 RSA 算法的實(shí)現(xiàn)執(zhí)行不對稱加密和解密”。另外，“表示 RSA 算法的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參數(shù)”的RSAParameters 結(jié)構(gòu)也是很重要的，它保存了RSA算法的參數(shù)。 這里具體講述一下在C#中如何使用框架提供的RSA算法來對我們的信息加密、簽名、驗(yàn)證簽名、解密的這個幾個步驟的實(shí)現(xiàn) using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Management;
using Microsoft.Win32;
/// <summary> /// 生成公私鑰
/// </summary>
/// <param name="PrivateKeyPath"></param>
/// <param name="PublicKeyPath"></param>
public void RSAKey(string PrivateKeyPath, string PublicKeyPath)
{
try
{
RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
this.CreatePrivateKeyXML(PrivateKeyPath, provider.ToXmlString(true));
this.CreatePublicKeyXML(PublicKeyPath, provider.ToXmlString(false));
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
throw exception;
}
}
/// <summary> /// 對原始數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行MD5加密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="m_strSource">待加密數(shù)據(jù)</param>
/// <returns>返回機(jī)密后的數(shù)據(jù)</returns>
public string GetHash(string m_strSource)
{
HashAlgorithm algorithm = HashAlgorithm.Create("MD5");
byte[] bytes = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312").GetBytes(m_strSource);
byte[] inArray = algorithm.ComputeHash(bytes);
return Convert.ToBase64String(inArray);
}
/// <summary>
/// RSA加密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xmlPublicKey">公鑰</param>
/// <param name="m_strEncryptString">MD5加密后的數(shù)據(jù)</param>
/// <returns>RSA公鑰加密后的數(shù)據(jù)</returns>
public string RSAEncrypt(string xmlPublicKey, string m_strEncryptString)
{
string str2;
try
{
RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
provider.FromXmlString(xmlPublicKey);
byte[] bytes = new UnicodeEncoding().GetBytes(m_strEncryptString);
str2 = Convert.ToBase64String(provider.Encrypt(bytes, false));
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
throw exception;
}
return str2;
}
/// <summary>
/// RSA解密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xmlPrivateKey">私鑰</param>
/// <param name="m_strDecryptString">待解密的數(shù)據(jù)</param>
/// <returns>解密后的結(jié)果</returns>
public string RSADecrypt(string xmlPrivateKey, string m_strDecryptString)
{
string str2;
try
{
RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
provider.FromXmlString(xmlPrivateKey);
byte[] rgb = Convert.FromBase64String(m_strDecryptString);
byte[] buffer2 = provider.Decrypt(rgb, false);
str2 = new UnicodeEncoding().GetString(buffer2);
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
throw exception;
}
return str2;
}
/// <summary>
/// 對MD5加密后的密文進(jìn)行簽名
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p_strKeyPrivate">私鑰</param>
/// <param name="m_strHashbyteSignature">MD5加密后的密文</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string SignatureFormatter(string p_strKeyPrivate, string m_strHashbyteSignature)
{
byte[] rgbHash = Convert.FromBase64String(m_strHashbyteSignature);
RSACryptoServiceProvider key = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
key.FromXmlString(p_strKeyPrivate);
RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter formatter = new RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(key);
formatter.SetHashAlgorithm("MD5");
byte[] inArray = formatter.CreateSignature(rgbHash);
return Convert.ToBase64String(inArray);
}
/// <summary>
/// 簽名驗(yàn)證
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p_strKeyPublic">公鑰</param>
/// <param name="p_strHashbyteDeformatter">待驗(yàn)證的用戶名</param>
/// <param name="p_strDeformatterData">注冊碼</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool SignatureDeformatter(string p_strKeyPublic, string p_strHashbyteDeformatter, string p_strDeformatterData)
{
try
{
byte[] rgbHash = Convert.FromBase64String(p_strHashbyteDeformatter);
RSACryptoServiceProvider key = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
key.FromXmlString(p_strKeyPublic);
RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter deformatter = new RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter(key);
deformatter.SetHashAlgorithm("MD5");
byte[] rgbSignature = Convert.FromBase64String(p_strDeformatterData);
if (deformatter.VerifySignature(rgbHash, rgbSignature))
{
return true;
}
return false;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 獲取硬盤ID
/// </summary>
/// <returns>硬盤ID</returns>
public string GetHardID()
{
string HDInfo = "";
ManagementClass cimobject1 = new ManagementClass("Win32_DiskDrive");
ManagementObjectCollection moc1 = cimobject1.GetInstances();
foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc1)
{
HDInfo = (string)mo.Properties["Model"].Value;
}
return HDInfo;
}
/// <summary>
/// 讀注冊表中指定鍵的值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">鍵名</param>
/// <returns>返回鍵值</returns>
private string ReadReg(string key)
{
string temp = "";
try
{
RegistryKey myKey = Registry.LocalMachine;
RegistryKey subKey = myKey.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\JX\Register");
temp = subKey.GetValue(key).ToString();
subKey.Close();
myKey.Close();
return temp;
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw;//可能沒有此注冊項(xiàng);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 創(chuàng)建注冊表中指定的鍵和值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">鍵名</param>
/// <param name="value">鍵值</param>
private void WriteReg(string key, string value)
{
try
{
RegistryKey rootKey = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\JX\Register");
rootKey.SetValue(key, value);
rootKey.Close();
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 創(chuàng)建公鑰文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <param name="publickey"></param>
public void CreatePublicKeyXML(string path, string publickey)
{
try
{
FileStream publickeyxml = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create);
StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(publickeyxml);
sw.WriteLine(publickey);
sw.Close();
publickeyxml.Close();
}
catch
{
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 創(chuàng)建私鑰文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <param name="privatekey"></param>
public void CreatePrivateKeyXML(string path, string privatekey)
{
try
{
FileStream privatekeyxml = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create);
StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(privatekeyxml);
sw.WriteLine(privatekey);
sw.Close();
privatekeyxml.Close();
}
catch
{
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 讀取公鑰
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string ReadPublicKey(string path)
{
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(path);
string publickey = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
return publickey;
}
/// <summary>
/// 讀取私鑰
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string ReadPrivateKey(string path)
{
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(path);
string privatekey = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
return privatekey;
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化注冊表，程序運(yùn)行時(shí)調(diào)用，在調(diào)用之前更新公鑰xml
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">公鑰路徑</param>
public void InitialReg(string path)
{
Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\JX\Register");
Random ra = new Random();
string publickey = this.ReadPublicKey(path);
if (Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\JX\Register").ValueCount <= 0)
{
this.WriteReg("RegisterRandom", ra.Next(1,100000).ToString());
this.WriteReg("RegisterPublicKey", publickey);
}
else
{
this.WriteReg("RegisterPublicKey", publickey);
}
}
如果是要對發(fā)送的消息進(jìn)行加密和解密，加密時(shí)用公鑰，解密時(shí)用私鑰，即使密文被竊取也無法破解。
如果是要對軟件進(jìn)行注冊，生成注冊碼，則服務(wù)端將用戶的硬盤號用私鑰加密，客戶端用公鑰解密，解密后將客戶端的硬盤號進(jìn)行MD5加密，將得到的結(jié)果和解密后的結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較，如果相同，說明是注冊用戶，否則為非注冊用戶。
本文來自CSDN博客，轉(zhuǎn)載請標(biāo)明出處：http://blog.csdn.net/llwinnner/archive/2009/03/21/4011936.aspx
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