英語語法與詞匯-高中篇1. speak 強(qiáng)調(diào)單方的“說”或“講”,一般用作不及物動詞,要表示“對某人說(某事)”,可用 speak to [with] sb (about sth)。如: Please speak more slowly. 請說慢一點。 I spoke to [with] the chairman about my idea. 我跟主席說了我的想法。 2. talk 強(qiáng)調(diào)雙方“交談”,一般用作不及物動詞,表示“同某人談?wù)?某事)”,可用 talk to [with] sb (about sth)。如: He was talking to [with] a friend. 他在同一位朋友談話。 What are they talking about? 他們在談?wù)撌裁? 3. say 強(qiáng)調(diào)說話內(nèi)容,一般用作及物動詞。表示“對某人說”,可用 say to sb。如: Did you say anything (to him)? 你(對他)說了些什么? He said (that) he wanted to go. 他說他想去?!?/p> 注:以下句型值得注意: 據(jù)說他病了。 正:It is said that he is ill. 正:He is said to be ill. 4. tell 表示“告訴”,可接雙賓語,雙賓語易位時用介詞 to 引出間接賓語。如: I told him my name. 我把名字告訴了他。 He told his parents the good news. / He told the good news to his parents. 他把這個好消息告訴了他父母。 注:還可接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。如: Tell her to come at once. 叫她馬上來。 He told the children not to play in the street. 他叫孩子們不要在街上玩。 另外,有時與介詞 from 連用表示“區(qū)分”“辨別”等。如: I cannot tell which is which. 我分不清哪個是哪個。 Can you tell true friends from false friends? 你能分清真假朋友嗎? 二、習(xí)慣表達(dá)方面的區(qū)別 1. 表示“演說”“演講”“發(fā)言”等,一般用 speak 。如: Who is going to speak at the meeting? 誰將在會上發(fā)言? 2. 表示“講故事”“說謊”等,一般用 tell。如: He often tells us interesting stories. 他經(jīng)常給我們講有趣的故事。 3. 表示“說某種語言”,一般用 speak (及物)。如: Do you speak French? 你會說法語嗎? 4. 在某些搭配中,有時可有多種表達(dá)。如: say [speak] a word 說句話 say [tell, speak] the truth 講真話 |
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