(1)人稱代詞的主格在句中作主語，賓格在句中作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語。
【真題再現(xiàn)】(1)My grandma still treats me like a child. She can’t imagine ______ grown up. (2006重慶)
A. my                   B. mine　　          C. myself              D. me
解析：由語境可知“她沒想到我已成年了””，應(yīng)當(dāng)用賓格me作imagine的賓語；短語形容詞grown up(成熟的，成年的)作賓補(bǔ)。答案是D。
(2)Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed ______ to______ and then posted it at the nearby post office．(2006安徽)
A. it; her                      B. it; herself          C. herself; her       D. herself; herself
解析：由address sth. to sb. (在信件或包裹上寫上收件人的姓名及地址)可知，Catherine在買來的明信片上寫上她自己的姓名及地址。答案是B。
(3)I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately ______couldn’t spare me even one minute. (2004重慶)
       A. they                  B. one                   C. who                  D. it
解析：句中a friend (=one of my friends) 泛指我的朋友中的任何一個(gè)，代替名詞my friends，且在but后的并列句中作主語用they。答案是A。
(4)—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.
   —Why_____? John is sitting there doing nothing. (2003全國(guó))
A. him                   B. he                   C. I                       D. me
解析：感嘆疑問句或省略句中用人稱代詞的賓格。
答案是D
提示：下列情況也用賓格：
①在be后作表語。
—Who is it? —It’s me. —誰？—是我呀。
②在單獨(dú)使用或帶not的簡(jiǎn)略回答中。如：
—Who broke the cup? —誰打破了杯子？
—Me! (Not me!)—我！(不是我！) 
—I like swimming. —我喜歡游泳。
—Me too. —我也是。
③在感嘆疑問句中做主語，以引起強(qiáng)調(diào)。如：
—You can tell him. —你可以告訴他。
—Me tell him? Not likely！—我告訴他？不可能！
④在下列之類的祈使句中：
He’s got to repay the money—poor him.他得償還這筆錢——可憐的他呀！
考點(diǎn)2 名詞性和形容詞性物主代詞的用法
形容詞性物主代詞只能在名詞前作定語，名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞＋名詞”，在句中作主語、賓語、表語或與of連用作后置定語，但不能作定語。
【真題再現(xiàn)】(5)Some of the stamps belong to me, while the rest are _____. (2004上海春)
A. him and her              B. his and hers              C. his and her        D. him and hers
解析：在句中作表語，指“他的郵票和她的郵票”用his and her (=his stamps and her stamps)。答案是B。
(6)—Is your camera like Bill’s and Ann’s?
      —No, but it’s almost the same as ______. (1994全國(guó))
A. her                B. yours               C. them              D. their
解析：與it(=my camera)相比的應(yīng)是your camera，與“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”相當(dāng)?shù)膽?yīng)是名詞性物主代詞，yours=your camera。答案是B。
(7) The boy promised _____mother never to lie to _____again. (1991年)
A. his, him             B. her, her             C. her, him            D. his, her
解析：形容詞性物主代詞his作mother的定語；賓格人稱代詞her作介詞to的賓語。答案是D。
(8)Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of _____. (1990全國(guó))
      A. their               B. theirs                C. her                  D. hers
解析：of要與名詞性物主代詞一起作定語，排除A和C；又因Kate and her sister是復(fù)數(shù)，排除D。答案是B。
       (9)—Whose room is that?
       —It's_______ (1982全國(guó))
       A. my               B. ours                  C. my brothers    D. of my brother
       解析：從語境看，答語應(yīng)當(dāng)是指“某人的房間”，只有選項(xiàng)B能表達(dá)此意，ours=our room。答案是B。
       (10)His camera is more expensive than ________. (1989全國(guó))
       A. hers            B. her             C. it               D. its
       解析：與his camera作比較的應(yīng)是“她的照相機(jī)”，用hers (=her camera)。答案是A。
       (11)Is her hair shorter than ________?(1981全國(guó))
       A me             B. my                     C. mine             D. I
       解析：與her hair相比較的應(yīng)是my hair，應(yīng)用名詞性物主代詞是mine (=my hair)。答案是C。
考點(diǎn)3 反身代詞的用法
反身代詞在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等動(dòng)詞和by, for, to等介詞的賓語，還可以作主語或賓語的同位語，可譯作“親自，本人”，但不能作主語。
【真題再現(xiàn)】(12)—Who called me this morning when I was out?(2006福建21)
—A man calling ______ Robert.
A. him                  B. himself                    C. his                   D.不填
解析：考查反身代詞。因?yàn)?#8220;call sb./oneself+某名”就是“叫某人/自稱某名字”；句意是“一個(gè)自稱羅伯特的人”，用himself。答案是B。
(13)You will find as you read fiats book that you just can’t keep some of these stones to ______. You will want to share them with a friend. (2005湖南)
A. itself              B. yourself           C. himself            D. themselves  
解析：主語是you，要用yourself；to oneself是習(xí)語，指某人“獨(dú)自享用，不與他人共享”。答案是B。
       (14)My daughter often makes a schedule to get ______ reminded of what she is to do in the day. (2005上海春)
       A. herself                     B. her                    C. she                   D. hers
       解析：句意是：“我女兒經(jīng)常制定日程表，以便讓她自自己知道這一天要干什么。”答案是A。
(15)Tom felt that he knew everybody’s business better than they knew it______. (1996全國(guó))
     A. themselves        B. oneself             C. itself                D. himself
解析：能與they相呼應(yīng)，并作they的同位語的，用反身代詞themselves。答案是A。
提示：請(qǐng)留意意含oneself的短語。如：(1) be oneself身體正常；(2)Make yourself at home! 別客氣！(3)make yourself understood 使你的話被人理解。
考點(diǎn)4 指示代詞的用法
指示詞有this, that, these, those等。注意以下4點(diǎn)：
(1) this, these是時(shí)間或空間上的“近指”，可與here連用；that, those是時(shí)間或空間上的“遠(yuǎn)指”，可與there連用。
(2) 指上文提到的事一般用that，有時(shí)也用this，指下文的事只能用this。
(3) 打電話時(shí)，用this來介紹自己，用that來問對(duì)方，不用I或you。
(4) this和that還可表示程度，意為“如此，那么”，相當(dāng)于so，作狀語。
       【真題再現(xiàn)】(16)—He was nearly drowned once.
       —When was ______?
    —_____was in 1998 when he was in middle school. (2002北京春)
       A. that; It             B. this; This                C. this; It             D. that; This
解析：指上文提到的事多用that；后空是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)略式，完整的句是It was in was in 1998 when he was in middle school that he was nearly drowned once.其中when he was in middle school是定語從句。答案是A。
(17)Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn’t always ______ much to do. (2004廣東)
A. such                B. that               C. more              D. very
解析：much前用so, 不用such。口語中，常用that來代替so。答案是B。
考點(diǎn)5 疑問代詞的意義和用法
疑問代詞有what, which, who, whom, whose等。用法要點(diǎn)如下：
1. what除可用來詢問人的身份外，一般指物；which可指人也可指物；who, whom, whose一般指人。
【真題再現(xiàn)】(18)The mother didn’t know ______to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.  (2002全國(guó))
A. who               B. when              C. how                       D. what
解析：blame(責(zé)備)是及物動(dòng)詞，缺賓語，責(zé)備的應(yīng)是打碎玻璃的人，該用who。答案是A。
       2. 沒有一定的范圍時(shí)，用what，意為“什么”；有一定范圍時(shí)，用which，意為“(其中的)哪一個(gè)”。
       (19)There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind ______to buy. (1992全國(guó))
A. what               B. which             C. how                       D. where
解析：buy缺賓語，排除副詞C和D；表示在一定范圍中不知買哪能一種，用which。答案是B。
考點(diǎn)6 表示兩者和多者的不定代詞的比較
1. 表示兩者“都”用both，表示兩者“都不”用neither，表示兩者中的“任一”用either。
       (20)If you can’t decide which of the two books to borrow, why don’t you take ______? I won’t read them this week. (2006浙江)
       A. all                     B. any                   C. either                D. both
       解析：由前后語境來看，應(yīng)是建議對(duì)方將兩本書都拿去看。答案是D。
       (21)You may drop in or just give me a call. ______ will do．(2006安徽)
       A. Either               B. Each                C. Neither             D. All
       解析：由前句可知是指兩者中的“任何一個(gè)”，用either。答案是A。
       (22)—Which driver was to blame?
       —Why, _________! It was the child’s fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars. (2006北京)
       A. both           B. each                  C. either                       D. neither
       解析：由后文It was the child’s fault, clear and simple.可知，應(yīng)答者認(rèn)為“兩個(gè)司機(jī)都不應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)”，用neither。答案是D。
      (23)There are two windows in the room. They ________face south. (1980全國(guó))
       A. all               B. both              C. each              D. either
       解析：指“兩者都”用both。答案是B。
       (24)I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _____of them answered it. (2005福建)
       A. either                B. none                 C. neither                     D. nobody
       解析：由my parents可知是指兩者，由To my disappointment可知，兩個(gè)中一個(gè)也沒接電話。答案是C。
(25)We asked John and Jerry, but _____of them could offer a satisfactory explanation. (2005北京春)
       A. either                B. none                 C. both                  D. neither
解析：由but可知，John 和Jerry“兩者都不”。 答案是D。
       (26)I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but ______ of them came. (2004北京)
       A. neither                     B. either                C. none                 D. both
       解析：因?yàn)橹窲oe和Linda兩個(gè)人，排除C；又由but可知，她們兩個(gè)人一個(gè)也沒來，所以選neither。答案是A。
       (27)Both teams were in hard training, ______ was willing to lose the game.(2001上海)
       A. either                B. neither               C. another             D. the other
       解析：“兩隊(duì)都在努力訓(xùn)練”當(dāng)然是“兩隊(duì)都不愿輸”，表示“兩者都不”用neither答案是B。
(28)－Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?
    －I’m afraid ______day is possible. (1998全國(guó))
    A. either                      B. neither              C. some               D. any
解析：由I’m afraid可知，Monday和Tuesday兩天都不行。答案是B。
       (29)－Are the two answers correct?
       －No, ________correct. (1986全國(guó))
       A. no one is       B. both are not              C. neither is        D. either is not
解析：由two和No可知“兩個(gè)答案都不對(duì)”，no one(=nobody)只能指人，排除A；both are not correct是部分否定，意為“并非兩者都對(duì)(即一對(duì)一錯(cuò))”，與no矛盾，排除B；英語中有not…either(=neither)的說法，但不能說either…not，排除D；表示完全否定“兩者都不”用neither。答案是C。
(30)－There’s coffee and tea; you can have _____. 
－Thanks. (2003全國(guó))
    A. either                B. each                  C. one                   D. it
解析：指coffee和tea兩者中的“任何一種”用either。答案是A。
(31)－Do you want tea or coffee?
     －______.I really don’t mind. (2000北京春)
      A. Both                B. None              C. Either               D. Neither
解析：由上文tea or coffee可知，是指兩者；由I really don’t mind 可知，這兩種飲料中的“任何一種”都行。答案是C。
(32)－Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end?
       －If you keep still, you can sit at ________end. (1987全國(guó))
       A. neither          B. each                  C. either            D. any
       解析：boat應(yīng)當(dāng)是兩端，表示“你可坐在任一端”，“(兩者中的)任一”是either。
       答案是C
2. 表示多者“都”用all，表示多者“都不”用none，表示多者中的“任一”用any。
(33)Of all the books on the desk,   ______ is of any use for our study. (2006四川) 
       A. nothing         B. no one          C. neither                            D. none
       解析：考查不定代詞。由all可知，是指三者或三者以上，排除C；nothing(沒一樣?xùn)|西)與這里談到的“書”毫無聯(lián)系，排除A；no one =nobody(沒有一個(gè)人)只能指人，也錯(cuò)了；指多者中“一個(gè)也沒有，沒有一個(gè)”用none。句中of any use=useful，在句中作表語。句意是“在桌上的所有這些書中，沒有一本書對(duì)我們的學(xué)習(xí)有用。”答案是D。
(34)I had to buy _____these books because I didn’t know which one was the best. (2004上海)
       A. both                  B. none                 C. neither                     D. all
解析：后文的best是最高級(jí)，可見至少有三本，排除A和C；none不能作定語，要說none of…答案是D。
(35)We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for ______. (2004浙江)
      A. none             B. either            C. any               D. each
解析：由three可知是指三套工具中的“任一套”。答案是C。
       (36)—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?
       —_____way as you please. (2004福建)
       A. Each                 B. Every                C. Any                  D. Either
       解析：關(guān)鍵詞是three。表示三者或三以上的“任一”，用any；表示兩者中的“任一”，才用either。答案是C。
       (37)Mr Alcott, headmaster of the school, refused to accept______ of the three suggestions made by the Students’ Union. (2000上海春)
       A. either            B. neither           C. any                 D. none
       解析：由three可知是三者，指三者中的任一，用any。答案是C。
       (38)－When shall we meet again?
       －Make it ________day you like; it's all the same to me. (1996全國(guó))
       A. one                 B. any               C. another                   D. some
       解析：指“你喜歡的任何一天”，表示“(多者中的)任一”用any。答案是B。
       (39)They were all very tired, but ______of them would stop to take a rest. (1995全國(guó))
       A. any              B. some           C. none           D. neither
解析：由all可知是三者或三者以上，由but可知是“沒有一個(gè)人”愿停下來休息。答案是C。
       (40)______ but fools will believe what he said. (1992上海)
       A. None                B. Nothing            C. Anything          D. Everything
解析：句意是：“除了白癡沒有一個(gè)人會(huì)相信他講的話。”答案是A。
       (41)Canada is larger than ______ country in Asia. (1991全國(guó))
       A. any              B. any other         C. other           D. another
解析：“加拿大比亞洲任何一個(gè)國(guó)家都大。”表示三者以上中的“任一”用any；Canada不屬亞洲，不用other。答案是A。
3. none可指人或物，一般要接表示范圍的of短語，可回答how many；而no one只能指人(=nobody)，不能接of短語，可回答who。另外，none可指后文的不可數(shù)名詞，表示“毫無”。
(42)Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has _____of the trouble of taking buses. (1996上海)
A. nothing            B. none                 C. some             D. neither
解析：由句意“有些人寧愿騎自行車，因?yàn)轵T自行車沒有乘公共汽車那樣的麻煩。”可排除選項(xiàng)C；the trouble是不可數(shù)名詞，怎么會(huì)有兩者或幾者呢？排除選項(xiàng)D；nothing意為“什么也沒有”，意義不通，排除A；答案是B。
       (43)______of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret. (1990全國(guó))
       A. Each            B. Any                  C. No one        D. None
       解析：“因?yàn)槭敲孛芩詻]有人知道那個(gè)計(jì)劃。”而no one又不能與of短語連用。答案是D。
       (44)We couldn't eat in a restaurant because ________of us had ________money on us. (1991全國(guó))
       A. all; no            B. any; no              C. none; any       D. no one; any
解析：選項(xiàng)A的all…no是部分否定，意為“并非都沒有錢”，也就可以在餐館吃飯；英語中沒有any…no/ not搭配，排除B；no one不與of短語連用，排除D。答案是C。
       (45)As we were asleep, ________of us heard the sound. (1987全國(guó))
       A. both             B. none                 C. all              D. any
       解析：“因?yàn)槲覀兯耍晕覀儧]有一個(gè)人聽到了聲音。”答案是B。
      (46) ______of them understood the old foreigner. (1982全國(guó))
       A. Someone         B. Anyone             C. None             D. Nobody
       解析：選項(xiàng)中能與of短語連用的只有none。答案是C。
4. all單獨(dú)使用，或者后接一個(gè)定語從句，或者前面有物主代詞時(shí)，意為everything或the only thing(s)。
(47)That’s an unpleasant thing to say about your father after______ he’s done for you. (2004四川)
      A. something         B. anything            C. all                    D. that
解析：句意應(yīng)是“在你父親為你付出這一切之后，你這樣說他，這是件不愉快的事。”表示付出“一切”“所有”應(yīng)當(dāng)用all (=everything)；he’s done for you是定語從句，修飾all。答案是C。
(48)It is easy to do the repair. _____you need is a hammer and some nails. (2004天津)
A. Something       B. All                   C. Both               D. Everything
解析：句意是“你只需要錘子和釘子”；選all，其后接you need，表示“唯一的事物(=the only thing)”。答案是B。
       (49)—You're always working. Come on, let's go shopping.
       —______you ever want to do is going shopping. (2002春)
       A. Anything           B. Something         C. All                    D. That
       解析：受一定語從句修飾，表示the only thing的只有all。答案是C。
考點(diǎn)7  some, any的用法辨析
       表示“一些”，一般說來，肯定句中some，否定句中用any；但在表示請(qǐng)求、建議、勸請(qǐng)或希望對(duì)方作肯定回答的疑問句中用some。
       (50)I asked him for some oil, but he hadn't ________. (1986全國(guó))
       A. any            B. some                 C. no             D. anything
       解析：在某定句中用any。答案是A。
(51)Let us hope we can settle the matter without ________more trouble. (1988全國(guó))
       A. any          B. a little                C. some           D. little
解析：without表否定，要用any。答案是A。
       (52)I'd been expecting ________letters the whole morning, but there weren't ________for me. (1989全國(guó))
       A. some; any      B. many; a few     C. some; one       D. a few; none
       解析：前一分句是肯定句，用some，后一分句是否定句，用any。另外，后一分句的weren’t表明主語應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)，排除C和D；many一般不用于肯定句，a few一般用于肯定句，排除B。答案是A。
       (53)―I fee a bit hungry.      
       ―Why don’t you have _____bread? (1986全國(guó))
       A. any            B. some          C. little           D. a
       解析：表示建議的疑問句中用some。答案是B。
(54)—Your coffee smells great!
       — It's from Mexico. Would you like ______?(2003春)
       A. it                      B. some                 C. this                   D. little
       解析：表示勸請(qǐng)的疑問句中用some。答案是B。
(55)There’s _____ cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get _____? (2004北京)
       A. little; some         B. little; any          C. a little; some      D. a little; any
       解析：因?yàn)樵赪ould you…? 等表示請(qǐng)求、勸請(qǐng)或建議之類的問句中，一般用some；又由后文“買些油”可知，家里“沒有油”了，所以用little。句意是：家里沒有油了，請(qǐng)你到附近的店子里買些回來好嗎？答案是A。
(56)―Would you like _____, sir?
―No, thanks. I have had much. (2005福建)
       A. some more oranges                        B. any more oranges
       C. some more orange                          D. any more orange
       解析：由答語中的much可知，對(duì)話中的orange是指“桔子汁”而非“桔子”，是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，排除選項(xiàng)A和B；在勸請(qǐng)的疑問名中用some不用any，排除選項(xiàng)D。答案是A。
       考點(diǎn)8  each, every的用法辨析
       1. every只能作形容詞，在名詞前作定語；each可作形容詞也可用代詞，可用主語、賓語和同位語。
       (57)______ of the boys has got a pencil and some paper. (1990上海)
       A. All                   B. Every              C. Everyone                D. Each
       解析：由謂語has got是第三人稱單數(shù)，可排除選項(xiàng)A；every是形容詞，只能放在名詞前作定語，不能作代詞，排除選面B；everyone不能與of短語連用，排除選項(xiàng)C；each可作形容詞，也可作代詞。答案是D。
2. 表示“每隔”用every，不用each。如every three days每三天，every third day每逢第三天，every other day每隔一天，every three meters每(隔)三米，every three minutes每(隔)三分鐘。
(58)These plants are watered ________. (1992全國(guó))
       A. each other day                            B. every other day
       C. each of two days                          D. every of two days
解析：句意為“這些作物每隔一天澆一次水”，表示“每隔一天”應(yīng)是every other day。答案是B。
考點(diǎn)9  (a) little, (a) few, a bit的用法辨析
a little和little修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞，與much相對(duì)，表示“多”；a few和few修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞與many相對(duì)，表示“少”。a little和a few含肯定語氣， little和few含否定語氣。一般說來，在only, just, still, quite, can, not等詞后用a little或a few；在very, so, some, the, no等詞后用little或few。
(59)Can we do our work better with ______money and ______people? (1983全國(guó))
       A. lesser, few    B. less, fewer         C. little, less         D. few, less
解析：money是不可數(shù)名詞，排除D；people是可數(shù)名詞，排除A和B。答案是C。
(60) —Would you like some wine? －Yes, just ________. (1993全國(guó))
       A. little              B. very little         C. a little           D. little bit
解析：由yes和just可知，語氣肯定，用a little (wine)。very little前不可再用just修飾。答案是C。
(61)As it was a stormy night, ________people went to see the film. (1988全國(guó))
       A. a few         B. few                   C. several        D. many
       解析：“由于那是一個(gè)有暴風(fēng)雨的晚上，所以很少人去看是影。”答案是B。
(62)Although he's wealthy, he spends ______on clothes. (1992全國(guó))
       A. little            B. few                   C. a little            D. a few
       解析：由語境可知是替代不可數(shù)名詞money，排除B和D；由although可知，在服裝上花錢“少”，語氣是否定的，排除C。答案是A。
(63)－Are the new rules working？
       －Yes _______books are stolen. (1999全國(guó))
       A. Few              B. More              C. Some                   D. None
解析：由yes可知，新制度是奏效的，因此幾乎沒什么書被盜，所以用few；另外，None后要是加上of，也正確。答案是A。
       little的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)分別是less, least；few的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是fewer, fewest。
(64)If we had followed the plan, we could have done the job better with ____money and _____ people. (1990全國(guó))
      A. less; less        B. fewer; fewer          C. less; fewer       D. fewer; less
解析：money是不可數(shù)名詞，排除B和D；people是可數(shù)名詞，排除A。答案是C。
(65)If we had followed his plan, we could have done the work better with ________money and ______ people. (1987全國(guó))
A. little, fewer    B. fewer, less         C. less, fewer        D. less, few
解析：由語境可知，little和few都用比較級(jí)，排除A和D；修飾people不能用little，排除B。答案是C。
(66)If you had followed the plan, you could have done the job better with ______ money and ______ people. (1988上海)
A. less; fewer            B. fewer; less      C. less; few          D. few; less
解析：因few只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，不能修飾money，排除選項(xiàng)B和D；由語境可知，是指用更少的錢和更少的人指事情做得更好，都用比較級(jí)，排除C。答案是A。
(67)Can we do our work better with ______money and ______people? (1983全國(guó))
A. lesser, few      B. less, fewer         C. little, less         D. few, less
解析：few不能修飾不可數(shù)名詞money，排除D；less (little的比較級(jí))不能修飾可數(shù)名詞money，排除C；由語境可知lillte和few都應(yīng)用比較級(jí)，排除A。答案是B。
考點(diǎn)10  替代詞it, that, (the) one(s), those的用法辨析
1. it和that都替代“the+單數(shù)名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))”，都是特指，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同類”事物。
(68)There is a photo on the wall. ________the photo of Lei Feng. (1980全國(guó))
       A. It               B. Its                C. It's                D. He
       解析：指與前面提到的是同一物，用it；后句缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，用is。答案是C。
(69)The Parkers bought a new house but _____will need a lot of work before they can move in. (2001全國(guó))
    A. they               B. it                  C. one                 D. which
解析：特指前面提到的the Parkers所買的那座新房子，用it(=the + house)。答案是B。
(70)Few pleasures can equal ________of a cool drink on a hot day. (1999全國(guó))
       A. some             B. any               C. that                D. those
解析：that替代the pleasure，指與前面提到的同屬“快樂的事”。 答案是C。
       (71)I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _____ in the city. (2005江蘇)
       A. ones            B. one                  C. that                D. those
       解析：選項(xiàng)中只有that能替代不可數(shù)名詞the air。答案是C。
2. one替代“a＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表示泛指。特指的the one相當(dāng)于that；the one復(fù)數(shù)形式the ones，在口語中也常用those代替；當(dāng)后面有of短語時(shí)，一般用that或those，當(dāng)有前置修飾語時(shí)，只能用one(s)，如the red one。one(s), the one(s), those, that都是替代“同類”事物，其中只有that可替代不可數(shù)名詞。
       (72)We’ve been looking at houses but haven’t found _____we like yet. (2005浙江)
       A. one                   B. ones                  C. it                      D. them
       解析：one =a house, 指我們喜歡的那一類房子。答案是A。
       (73)I prefer a flat in Inveneas to _____in Perth, because I want to live near my Mom’s (2005天津)
       A. one                   B. that                   C. it                      D. this
       解析：替代a flat用one。答案是A。       
       (74)We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _____ from some wood we had. (2004廣西)
       A. it                  B. one                C. himself          D. another
       解析：因?yàn)閛ne是用來替代“a/ an +名詞”，以避免重復(fù)的，此處one=a cupboard。答案是B。
(75)I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ________.(1995全國(guó))
       A. it                B. those           C. them           D. one
       解析：意思是“讓每一個(gè)客人都有一個(gè)杯子”，能替代a glass是只有one。答案是D。
(76)—Why don't we take a little break?
       —Didn't we just have ________?(2000全國(guó))
     &nbs, p; A. it                     B. that                   C. one                         D. this
解析：由上文可知，答語應(yīng)是Didn’t we just have a rest?(我們剛才不是休息了一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)幔?；替代a break用one。答案是C。
       (77)Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ________I will always  treasure. (2002全國(guó))
       A. that           B. one           C. it            D. what
解析：用one替代a moment，作an unforgettable moment的同位語，泛指值得我珍惜的那樣一個(gè)時(shí)刻。又如Cook was a strict but good captain, one who took good care of the sailors on his ship.答案是B。
(78)Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious _____ than mobile phones do. (2005江西)
       A. one             B. ones            C. it               D. those
       解析：替代泛指的名詞復(fù)數(shù)problems，用ones。those是替代特的“the +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”的。答案是B。
(79)He has one blue pen and two red ________. (1980全國(guó))
       A. one             B. once              C. one's              D. ones
       解析：能替代pen，且為復(fù)數(shù)，應(yīng)是ones。答案是D。
(80)My most famous relative of all, ______ who really left his mark on America, was Reb Sussel, my great-grandfather. (2006江蘇22)
       A. one                  B. the one            C. he                    D. someone
       解析：考查替代詞。由語境可判斷是特指，且作My most famous relative of all的同位語，用the one。答案是B。
(81)Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils, except ________who had already taken them. (1992全國(guó))
       A. these           B. ones                  C. the ones        D. the others
解析：后面的定語從句是特指，替代the pupils用the ones(=those)。答案是C。
       (82)Equipped with modern facilities, today's libraries differ greatly from______.（2003上海）
       A. those of the past       B. the past             C. which of the past D. these past
       解析：與today's libraries相比較的應(yīng)是“過去的圖書館”，即the libraries of the past，為避免重復(fù)，用those替代the libraries。答案是A。
       考點(diǎn)11  another, (the) other(s), else; the rest的用法辨析
       1. another或“another＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”泛指“另一個(gè)，有一個(gè)，再一個(gè)”，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是others或“other＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”泛指“別人或別的物”，有some…others(一些…另一些…)之搭配。
       (83)We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so let’s have ______one this month. (2006天津1)
A. the other           B. some                C. another             D. other
解析：考查不定代詞。在one前作定語，表示“另/又/再一”，用another；而the other是特指兩者中的另一個(gè)，不合語境。答案是C。
      (84)I think he’s just going to deal with this problem ______ day. (2005廣東)
       A. next            B. other           C. following        D. another
       解析：表示“改天”用another day。但表示相對(duì)于過去或?qū)砟程靵碚f的“第二天”時(shí)，用the next day 或the following day都可以。答案是D。
(85)—What do you think of the cake?
       —It's nice. I'd like to have______. (1991上海)
       A. some other       B. another             C. others              D. other
       解析：由語境可知，“我還想再吃一塊”，表示泛指的“另一塊”用another。答案是B。
       (86)Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers. Now she would like to read ______stories by writers from ______countries. (1997全國(guó))
       A. some; any     B. other; some              C. some; other      D. other; other
解析：肯定句中用some表示“一些”；other作定語，意為“別的”。答案是C。
(87)Some people like to stay at home on Sunday, but ______like to go to the cinema. (1985全國(guó))
       A. another       B. other                 C. others         D. other one
解析：some…others…是固定搭配。再說，根據(jù)like可知，主語為復(fù)數(shù)，也只用這個(gè)答案才是復(fù)數(shù)。答案是C。
(88)Young people may quickly in some ways and more slowly in ______. (1993上海)
       A. the other           B. some other        C. others              D. no matter who
       解析：some…others是固定搭配。答案是C。
       2. the other(+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)特指兩者中的另一個(gè)，常有one…the other(一個(gè)…另一個(gè)…)的搭配；其復(fù)數(shù)形式the others或“the other ＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”特指在某些人或物中，除去一部分后，“其余的”“剩下的”人或物。
(89)No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of _____. (2005上海)
       A. others               B. the other            C. either                D. another
       解析：由neither可知，談話雙方都不同意對(duì)方的條件，這個(gè)“對(duì)方”是特指的另一方，所以用the other。答案是B。
       (90)Of the three foreign guests, one is from London, ______two are from New York. (1980全國(guó))
       A. other            B. the other            C. some           D. any
解析：特指“其余的那兩個(gè)”用the other two。答案是B。
       (91)One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ______.(2000春)
       A. the other is white 　　                   B. another white
       C. the other white 　                         D. another is white
       解析：board(木板)自然是兩面，一面漆成黃色，(兩面中的)另一面漆成白色。答案是C
       3. another還可用于“another＋基數(shù)詞或few＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”中，與“數(shù)詞或some＋more/other ＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”相當(dāng)。
(92)Shanghai is really a fascinating city and we've decided to stay for______ two weeks. (2003上海)
       A. another          B. other           C. the other        D. other's
       解析：由語境可知，是“還要呆兩個(gè)星期”，要說another two weeks。答案是A。
       (93)－Have you finished your report yet?
       －No, I'll finish in ______ten minutes. (1995全國(guó))
       A. another           B. other            C. more           D. less
       解析：表示“另外十分鐘”是another ten minutes。答案是A。
       (94)If you want to change for a double room you'll have to pay______$15. (2000全國(guó))
       A. another             B. other                 C. more                D. Each
解析：由語境可知應(yīng)是“再加15美元”，用another。another $15就是another 15 dollars。答案是A。
(95)I got the story from Tom and       people who had worked with him. (2004天津)
       A. every other      B. many others       C. some other       D. other than
       解析：因?yàn)閑very other后接單數(shù)名詞，表示“每隔一……”；many others(其他許多人)后面不能再接名詞；other than=except意為“除……外”，都不符合題意，只有C正確。some other people…意為“另外一些和他一起工作的人”。答案是C。
       (96)Tony is going camping with ________boys. (1993全國(guó))
A. little two other   B. two little other    C. two other little   D. little other two
解析：表示“小男孩”應(yīng)是little boys，“另外兩個(gè)……”，是two other…。答案是C。
4. 注意下列固定用法：other than(除……外), each other, one another(相互), one after another(一個(gè)接一個(gè)), “any other ＋單數(shù)名詞”(別的/其他的任何一個(gè))。
       (97)In that case, there is nothing you can do ______ than wait. (2001春)
       A. more                B. other                 C. better                      D. any
       解析：other than(=but/except除……外)是固定搭配。答案是B。
       5. else只能放在復(fù)合不定代詞或者疑問詞后。
(98)If this dictionary is not yours, ______can it be? (2001春)
       A. what else          B. who else            C. which else's      D. who else's
解析：who else的所有格是who else’s。答案是D。
(99)I will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor will _____.(2004江蘇)
       A. anyone              B. anyone else        C. no one                     D. no one else
       解析：因?yàn)楸硎竞笳吲c前者“一樣不……”，nor本身就是否定的，后面要用肯定的，排除C和D；又因?yàn)橛胑lse才可排除“I”，所以選B。句意是：我不知道他當(dāng)時(shí)為什么事而憂慮，其他任何人也不知道。答案是B。
(100)―Victor certainly cares too much about himself.
―Yes. He’s never interested in what _____is doing. (2005重慶)
       A. no one else        B. anyone else        C. someone else     D. nobody else
       解析：由語境可知，句意是：他對(duì)其他任何人在做什么從不感興趣。答案是B。
(101)I don’t think we’ve met before. You’re taking me for ______(2005安徽)
       A. some other       B. someone else     C. other person     D. one other
       解析：句意是：你把我當(dāng)作另外某個(gè)人了。答案是B。
(102)First, it is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from _____.(2005湖北)
       A. everyone else     B. the other           C. someone else     D. the rest
       解析：不是與具體哪一個(gè)人或哪些人不同，即不是特指，排除選項(xiàng)B和D；不是另外某個(gè)人而是除自己外的其他所有人，所以不選C，而選A。答案是A。
       6. the rest既可代替可數(shù)名詞，也可代替不可數(shù)名詞。而another, other, others, the other(s)只能代替可數(shù)名詞。
(103)Some of the wheat is from Canada. What about______? (2001上海春)
       A. another          B. the other         C. others              D. the rest
       解析：wheat是不可數(shù)名詞，選項(xiàng)中能替代不可數(shù)名詞的只有the rest。答案是D。
       (104)I have done much of the work. Could you please finish _____in two days? (2004遼寧)
       A. the rest             B. the other            C. another             D. the others
       解析：因?yàn)閠he other(s), another只能代替可數(shù)名詞，而the rest既可代替可數(shù)名詞，也可代替不可數(shù)名詞；題中是要代替不可數(shù)名詞the work，所以只有A正確。答案是A。
       考點(diǎn)12  every-, some-,any-,no-與thing,-one,-body構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞
       這類不定代詞有everything(一切事，最重要的事), everyone =everybody (每個(gè)人，所有人); something(某事，重要的人或事物), someone =somebody(某/有人，重要的人); anything(什么事物，任何事物，無論什么事物), anyone =anybody(任何人，無論誰，重要的人); nothing(沒有東西，什么也沒有，不重要的人或事), no one=nobody(沒有人，不重要的人)等。它們還與別有詞構(gòu)成很多習(xí)語，如for nothing(徒勞，免費(fèi))，nothing but(僅僅，只不過)，等等。
       (105)—Is________here?
       －No, Bob and Tim  have asked for leave. (1993全國(guó))
       A. anybody         B. everybody        C. somebody      D. nobody
       解析：由答語可知是問“到齊了嗎？”而不是問“這里有人嗎？”所以用everybody，而不用anybody。答案是B。
(106)We haven’t enough books for _____; some of you will have to share. (2005全國(guó)卷I)
       A. somebody         B. anybody            C. everybody         D. nobody
       解析：由后文“你們有些人要共用”可知，“沒有足夠多的書發(fā)給所有的人”。答案是C。
(107)I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with ________.(1997全國(guó))
       A. everything       B. anything            C. something       D. nothing
解析：not…everything是部分否定，意為“我并非同意你講的一切”，與前句的most of…意思相符。而not…anything (= nothing)與前一分句意思矛盾。答案是A。
(108)Playing tricks on others is _____we should never do. (2004湖南)
       A. anything            B. something          C. everything               D. nothing
       解析：根據(jù)句意和各選項(xiàng)的意義可選出正確選項(xiàng)。句意是：捉弄?jiǎng)e人是我們永遠(yuǎn)也不該做的事情。anything任何事物；something某事；everything每件事；nothing什么也沒有。答案是B。
(109)I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it. To _____ else, it was hard to make out. (2006上海29)
       A. none     B. everyone    C. someone    D. anyone
       解析：考查代詞的運(yùn)用。意為除了我以外，“其他任何人(anyone else)”都很難懂。答案是D。
(110)She was so sad that there was______ I could do to make her happy. (1994上海)
       A. something        B. nothing            C. anything          D. everything
       解析：由語境可知，“我可以做的，能使她開心的，事沒有一樣”，表示“沒有一樣事”，用nothing。答案是B。
       (111)—One week’s time has been wasted.
       —I can’t believe we did all that work for _____.(2004重慶)
       A. something         B. nothing              C. everything         D. anything
       解析：因?yàn)閒or nothing是習(xí)語，意為“徒勞、沒有好結(jié)果”、“免費(fèi)”，句意是：我簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信我們所做的一切都是徒勞。答案是B。
       (112)She doesn’t know anyone here. She has got ______to talk to. (2004廣東)
       A. anyone         B. someone            C. everyone        D. no one
       解析：因?yàn)?#8220;在這里，她誰都不認(rèn)識(shí)”，所以“她沒有人可以交談”。no one = nobody = not…any one沒有一個(gè)人。答案是D。